"Computationally Efficient UE Blocking Probability Model for GBR Services in Beyond 5G RAN", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Access, pp. 1-1, 2024. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3377112

@ARTICLE{10471531,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Munoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
  journal={IEEE Access},
  title={Computationally Efficient UE Blocking Probability Model for GBR Services in Beyond 5G RAN},
  year={2024},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-1},
  keywords={Signal to noise ratio;Computational modeling;Interference;Data models;Probability;Planning;Mathematical models;Beyond 5G;Blocking probability;GBR service;Markov Chain;Proportional Fair;Round Robin},
  doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3377112},
  impact = {(IF=3.9, Q2)},
  project = {6gchronos|6ginspire}}

"A Stochastic Network Calculus (SNC)-Based Model for Planning B5G uRLLC RAN Slices", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Xavier Costa-Perez, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 22 (2), pp. 1250-1265, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2022.3203937

@ARTICLE{9887634,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Sciancalepore, Vincenzo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M. and Costa-Perez, Xavier},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications},
  title={A Stochastic Network Calculus (SNC)-Based Model for Planning B5G uRLLC RAN Slices},
  year={2023},
  volume={22},
  number={2},
  pages={1250-1265},
  doi={10.1109/TWC.2022.3203937},
  impact = {IF=10.4 (Q1)},
  project = {true5g|5gclarity}}

"Potential-Game-Based 5G RAN Slice Planning for GBR Services", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Access, pp. 1-1, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3236103

@ARTICLE{10015017,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Munoz, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
  journal={IEEE Access},
  title={Potential-Game-Based 5G RAN Slice Planning for GBR Services},
  year={2023},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-1},
  doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3236103},
  impact = {(IF=3.9, Q2)},
  project = {6gchronos|true5g|5gclarity}}

"UE Blocking Probability Model for Planning 5G Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) RAN Slices", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3266526

@ARTICLE{2023Adamuz,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Munoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={UE Blocking Probability Model for Planning 5G Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) RAN Slices},
  year={2023},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2023.3266526},
  impact = {IF=6.8 (Q1)},
  project = {true5g|5gclarity|6gchronos}}

"5G Infrastructure Network Slicing: E2E Mean Delay Model and Effectiveness Assessment to Reduce Downtimes in Industry 4.0", Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Sensors, 22 (1), 2022. DOI: 10.3390/s22010229

Fifth Generation (5G) is expected to meet stringent performance network requisites of the Industry 4.0. Moreover, its built-in network slicing capabilities allow for the support of the traffic heterogeneity in Industry 4.0 over the same physical network infrastructure. However, 5G network slicing capabilities might not be enough in terms of degree of isolation for many private 5G networks use cases, such as multi-tenancy in Industry 4.0. In this vein, infrastructure network slicing, which refers to the use of dedicated and well isolated resources for each network slice at every network domain, fits the necessities of those use cases. In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation among production lines (PLs) in an industrial private 5G network. To that end, we develop a queuing theory-based model to estimate the end-to-end (E2E) mean packet delay of the infrastructure slices. Then, we use this model to compare the E2E mean delay for two configurations, i.e., dedicated infrastructure slices with segregated resources for each PL against the use of a single shared infrastructure slice to serve the performance-sensitive traffic from PLs. Also we evaluate the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) against bare Ethernet to provide layer 2 connectivity among the 5G system components. We use a complete and realistic setup based on experimental and simulation data of the scenario considered. Our results support the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation in performance among the different slices. Then, using dedicated slices with segregated resources for each PL might reduce the number of the production downtimes and associated costs as the malfunctioning of a PL will not affect the network performance perceived by the performance-sensitive traffic from other PLs. Last, our results show that, besides the improvement in performance, TSN technology truly provides full isolation in the transport network compared to standard Ethernet thanks to traffic prioritization, traffic regulation, and bandwidth reservation capabilities.

@Article{s22010229,
AUTHOR = {Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Munoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
TITLE = {5G Infrastructure Network Slicing: E2E Mean Delay Model and Effectiveness Assessment to Reduce Downtimes in Industry 4.0},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {22},
YEAR = {2022},
NUMBER = {1},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {229},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/229},
PubMedID = {35009771},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Fifth Generation (5G) is expected to meet stringent performance network requisites of the Industry 4.0. Moreover, its built-in network slicing capabilities allow for the support of the traffic heterogeneity in Industry 4.0 over the same physical network infrastructure. However, 5G network slicing capabilities might not be enough in terms of degree of isolation for many private 5G networks use cases, such as multi-tenancy in Industry 4.0. In this vein, infrastructure network slicing, which refers to the use of dedicated and well isolated resources for each network slice at every network domain, fits the necessities of those use cases. In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation among production lines (PLs) in an industrial private 5G network. To that end, we develop a queuing theory-based model to estimate the end-to-end (E2E) mean packet delay of the infrastructure slices. Then, we use this model to compare the E2E mean delay for two configurations, i.e., dedicated infrastructure slices with segregated resources for each PL against the use of a single shared infrastructure slice to serve the performance-sensitive traffic from PLs. Also we evaluate the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) against bare Ethernet to provide layer 2 connectivity among the 5G system components. We use a complete and realistic setup based on experimental and simulation data of the scenario considered. Our results support the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation in performance among the different slices. Then, using dedicated slices with segregated resources for each PL might reduce the number of the production downtimes and associated costs as the malfunctioning of a PL will not affect the network performance perceived by the performance-sensitive traffic from other PLs. Last, our results show that, besides the improvement in performance, TSN technology truly provides full isolation in the transport network compared to standard Ethernet thanks to traffic prioritization, traffic regulation, and bandwidth reservation capabilities.},
DOI = {10.3390/s22010229},
project={5gclarity|true5g},
impact = {(IF=3.9, Q2)},
}

"On the Rollout of Network Slicing in Carrier Networks: A Technology Radar", Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Ameigeiras, Luis M. Contreras, Jesus Folgueira, Diego R. Lopez, Sensors, 21 (23), 2021. DOI: 10.3390/s21238094

Network slicing is a powerful paradigm for network operators to support use cases with widely diverse requirements atop a common infrastructure. As 5G standards are completed, and commercial solutions mature, operators need to start thinking about how to integrate network slicing capabilities in their assets, so that customer-facing solutions can be made available in their portfolio. This integration is, however, not an easy task, due to the heterogeneity of assets that typically exist in carrier networks. In this regard, 5G commercial networks may consist of a number of domains, each with a different technological pace, and built out of products from multiple vendors, including legacy network devices and functions. These multi-technology, multi-vendor and brownfield features constitute a challenge for the operator, which is required to deploy and operate slices across all these domains in order to satisfy the end-to-end nature of the services hosted by these slices. In this context, the only realistic option for operators is to introduce slicing capabilities progressively, following a phased approach in their roll-out. The purpose of this paper is to precisely help designing this kind of plan, by means of a technology radar. The radar identifies a set of solutions enabling network slicing on the individual domains, and classifies these solutions into four rings, each corresponding to a different timeline: (i) as-is ring, covering today’s slicing solutions; (ii) deploy ring, corresponding to solutions available in the short term; (iii) test ring, considering medium-term solutions; and (iv) explore ring, with solutions expected in the long run. This classification is done based on the technical availability of the solutions, together with the foreseen market demands. The value of this radar lies in its ability to provide a complete view of the slicing landscape with one single snapshot, by linking solutions to information that operators may use for decision making in their individual go-to-market strategies.

@Article{s21238094,
AUTHOR = {Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Contreras, Luis M. and Folgueira, Jesus and Lopez, Diego R.},
TITLE = {On the Rollout of Network Slicing in Carrier Networks: A Technology Radar},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {21},
YEAR = {2021},
month = {12},
NUMBER = {23},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {8094},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/8094},
PubMedID = {34884098},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Network slicing is a powerful paradigm for network operators to support use cases with widely diverse requirements atop a common infrastructure. As 5G standards are completed, and commercial solutions mature, operators need to start thinking about how to integrate network slicing capabilities in their assets, so that customer-facing solutions can be made available in their portfolio. This integration is, however, not an easy task, due to the heterogeneity of assets that typically exist in carrier networks. In this regard, 5G commercial networks may consist of a number of domains, each with a different technological pace, and built out of products from multiple vendors, including legacy network devices and functions. These multi-technology, multi-vendor and brownfield features constitute a challenge for the operator, which is required to deploy and operate slices across all these domains in order to satisfy the end-to-end nature of the services hosted by these slices. In this context, the only realistic option for operators is to introduce slicing capabilities progressively, following a phased approach in their roll-out. The purpose of this paper is to precisely help designing this kind of plan, by means of a technology radar. The radar identifies a set of solutions enabling network slicing on the individual domains, and classifies these solutions into four rings, each corresponding to a different timeline: (i) as-is ring, covering today’s slicing solutions; (ii) deploy ring, corresponding to solutions available in the short term; (iii) test ring, considering medium-term solutions; and (iv) explore ring, with solutions expected in the long run. This classification is done based on the technical availability of the solutions, together with the foreseen market demands. The value of this radar lies in its ability to provide a complete view of the slicing landscape with one single snapshot, by linking solutions to information that operators may use for decision making in their individual go-to-market strategies.},
DOI = {10.3390/s21238094},
project={5gclarity|true5g},
impact = {(IF=3.847, Q2)},
}

"5G Non-Public Networks: Standardization, Architectures and Challenges", Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Munoz, Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Daniel Camps-Mur, IEEE Access, 9, pp. 153893-153908, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3127482

@ARTICLE{9611236,
   author={Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Munoz, Pablo and Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Camps-Mur, Daniel},
   journal={IEEE Access},
   title="5G Non-Public Networks: Standardization, Architectures and Challenges",
   year={2021},
   month={11},
   volume={9},
   number={},
   pages={153893-153908},
   doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3127482},
   project={5gclarity|true5g},
   impact = {(IF = 3.476, Q2)}
}

"Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation for LoRaWAN", Natalia Chinchilla-Romero, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Sensors, 21 (4), 2021. DOI: 10.3390/s21041218

The number of connected IoT devices is significantly increasing and it is expected to reach more than two dozens of billions of IoT connections in the coming years. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) have become very relevant for this new paradigm due to features such as large coverage and low power consumption. One of the most appealing technologies among these networks is LoRaWAN. Although it may be considered as one of the most mature LPWAN platforms, there are still open gaps such as its capacity limitations. For this reason, this work proposes a collision avoidance resource allocation algorithm named the Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation (CARA) algorithm with the objective of significantly increase system capacity. CARA leverages the multichannel structure and the orthogonality of spreading factors in LoRaWAN networks to avoid collisions among devices. Simulation results show that, assuming ideal radio link conditions, our proposal outperforms in 95.2% the capacity of a standard LoRaWAN network and increases the capacity by almost 40% assuming a realistic propagation model. In addition, it has been verified that CARA devices can coexist with LoRaWAN traditional devices, thus allowing the simultaneous transmissions of both types of devices. Moreover, a proof-of-concept has been implemented using commercial equipment in order to check the feasibility and the correct operation of our solution.

@ARTICLE{s21041218,
AUTHOR = {Chinchilla-Romero, Natalia and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Munoz, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo},
TITLE = {Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation for {LoRaWAN}},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {21},
YEAR = {2021},
month=2,
NUMBER = {4},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {1218},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {The number of connected IoT devices is significantly increasing and it is expected to reach more than two dozens of billions of IoT connections in the coming years. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) have become very relevant for this new paradigm due to features such as large coverage and low power consumption. One of the most appealing technologies among these networks is {LoRaWAN}. Although it may be considered as one of the most mature LPWAN platforms, there are still open gaps such as its capacity limitations. For this reason, this work proposes a collision avoidance resource allocation algorithm named the Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation (CARA) algorithm with the objective of significantly increase system capacity. CARA leverages the multichannel structure and the orthogonality of spreading factors in {LoRaWAN} networks to avoid collisions among devices. Simulation results show that, assuming ideal radio link conditions, our proposal outperforms in 95.2% the capacity of a standard {LoRaWAN} network and increases the capacity by almost 40% assuming a realistic propagation model. In addition, it has been verified that CARA devices can coexist with {LoRaWAN} traditional devices, thus allowing the simultaneous transmissions of both types of devices. Moreover, a proof-of-concept has been implemented using commercial equipment in order to check the feasibility and the correct operation of our solution.},
DOI = {10.3390/s21041218},
impact = {(IF=3.576, Q2)},
pdf = {https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/67701},
project = {artemis|5gcity|5gclarity}
}

"Dynamic Resource Provisioning of a Scalable E2E Network Slicing Orchestration System", I. Afolabi, J. Prados-Garzon, M. Bagaa, T. Taleb, P. Ameigeiras, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 19 (11), pp. 2594-2608, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2019.2930059

@ARTICLE{afolabi19, author={I. {Afolabi} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and M. {Bagaa} and T. {Taleb} and P. {Ameigeiras}},  journal={IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing}, title={Dynamic Resource Provisioning of a Scalable E2E Network Slicing Orchestration System}, year={2020}, volume={19}, number={11}, pages={2594-2608}, doi={10.1109/TMC.2019.2930059}, ISSN={1558-0660}, month={Nov}, impact={(IF=5.112, Q1)}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/59687}
}

"Backhaul-Aware Dimensioning and Planning of Millimeter-Wave Small Cell Networks", Pablo Munoz, Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Electronics, 9 (9), 2020. DOI: 10.3390/electronics9091429

The massive deployment of Small Cells (SCs) is increasingly being adopted by mobile operators to face the exponentially growing traffic demand. Using the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band in the access and backhaul networks will be key to provide the capacity that meets such demand. However, dimensioning and planning have become complex tasks, because the capacity requirements for mmWave links can significantly vary with the SC location. In this work, we address the problem of SC planning considering the backhaul constraints, assuming that a line-of-sight (LOS) between the nodes is required to reliably support the traffic demand. Such a LOS condition reduces the set of potential site locations. Simulation results show that, under certain conditions, the proposed algorithm is effective in finding solutions and strongly efficient in computational cost when compared to exhaustive search approaches.

@article{electronics9091429,
AUTHOR = {Munoz, Pablo and Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.},
TITLE = {Backhaul-Aware Dimensioning and Planning of Millimeter-Wave Small Cell Networks},
JOURNAL = {Electronics},
VOLUME = {9},
YEAR = {2020},
month=9,
NUMBER = {9},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {1429},
ISSN = {2079-9292},
ABSTRACT = {The massive deployment of Small Cells (SCs) is increasingly being adopted by mobile operators to face the exponentially growing traffic demand. Using the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band in the access and backhaul networks will be key to provide the capacity that meets such demand. However, dimensioning and planning have become complex tasks, because the capacity requirements for mmWave links can significantly vary with the SC location. In this work, we address the problem of SC planning considering the backhaul constraints, assuming that a line-of-sight (LOS) between the nodes is required to reliably support the traffic demand. Such a LOS condition reduces the set of potential site locations. Simulation results show that, under certain conditions, the proposed algorithm is effective in finding solutions and strongly efficient in computational cost when compared to exhaustive search approaches.},
DOI = {10.3390/electronics9091429},
impact = {(IF=2.397, Q3)},
project = {5gclarity|true5g}
}

"A Survey on 5G Usage Scenarios and Traffic Models", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Romero-Diaz, S. Sendra, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials, 22 (2), pp. 905-929, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/COMST.2020.2971781

@Article{8985528,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Romero-Diaz} and S. {Sendra} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Surveys Tutorials}, title={A Survey on 5G Usage Scenarios and Traffic Models}, year={2020}, month=2, volume={22}, number={2}, pages={905-929}, doi={10.1109/COMST.2020.2971781}, project="artemis|5gclarity|5gcity", impact = {(IF=23.7, Q1)}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/59687}}

"Performance Modeling of Softwarized Network Services Based on Queuing Theory With Experimental Validation", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 20 (4), pp. 1558-1573, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2019.2962488

@Article{8943161,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Transactions on Mobile Computing},   title={Performance Modeling of Softwarized Network Services Based on Queuing Theory With Experimental Validation},   year={2019}, month={12},  volume={20},  number={4},  pages={1558-1573},  doi={10.1109/TMC.2019.2962488}, project="5gclarity|5gcity", impact={(IF=5.112, Q1)}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/59700}}

"Analytical Modeling and Experimental Validation of NB-IoT Device Energy Consumption", P. Andres-Maldonado, M. Lauridsen, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 6 (3), pp. 5691-5701, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2019.2904802

The recent standardization of 3GPP Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) paves the way to support low-power wide-area (LPWA) use cases in cellular networks. NB-IoT design goals are extended coverage, low power and low cost devices, and massive connections. As a new radio access technology, it is necessary to analyze the possibilities NB-IoT provides to support different traffic and coverage needs. In this paper, we propose and validate an NB-IoT energy consumption model. The analytical model is based on a Markov chain. For the validation, an experimental setup is used to measure the energy consumption of two commercial NB-IoT user equipments (UEs) connected to a base station emulator. The evaluation is done considering three test cases. The comparison of the model and measurements is done in terms of the estimated battery lifetime and the latency needed to finish the control plane procedure. The conducted evaluation shows the analytical model performs well, obtaining a maximum relative error of the battery lifetime estimation between the model and the measurements of 21% for an assumed interarrival time (IAT) of 6 min.

@ARTICLE{8666720,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and M. {Lauridsen} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={IEEE Internet of Things Journal},   title={Analytical Modeling and Experimental Validation of NB-IoT Device Energy Consumption},   year={2019},  volume={6},  number={3},  pages={5691-5701},  abstract={The recent standardization of 3GPP Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) paves the way to support low-power wide-area (LPWA) use cases in cellular networks. NB-IoT design goals are extended coverage, low power and low cost devices, and massive connections. As a new radio access technology, it is necessary to analyze the possibilities NB-IoT provides to support different traffic and coverage needs. In this paper, we propose and validate an NB-IoT energy consumption model. The analytical model is based on a Markov chain. For the validation, an experimental setup is used to measure the energy consumption of two commercial NB-IoT user equipments (UEs) connected to a base station emulator. The evaluation is done considering three test cases. The comparison of the model and measurements is done in terms of the estimated battery lifetime and the latency needed to finish the control plane procedure. The conducted evaluation shows the analytical model performs well, obtaining a maximum relative error of the battery lifetime estimation between the model and the measurements of 21% for an assumed interarrival time (IAT) of 6 min.},  keywords={Internet of Things;Energy consumption;Analytical models;Batteries;Narrowband;Downlink;Battery charge measurement;Analytical model;control plane (CP);energy consumption;latency;narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT)},  doi={10.1109/JIOT.2019.2904802},  ISSN={2327-4662},  month={June},impact={(IF=9.936, Q1)}, project={5gcity}}

"An Analytical Performance Evaluation Framework for NB-IoT", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 6 (4), pp. 7232-7240, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2019.2915349

@Article{8708311,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Internet of Things Journal},   title={An Analytical Performance Evaluation Framework for NB-IoT}, month=4, year={2019},  volume={6},  number={4},  pages={7232-7240},  doi={10.1109/JIOT.2019.2915349}, impact={(IF=9.936, Q1)}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68246}}

"Automated Network Service Scaling in NFV: Concepts, Mechanisms and Scaling Workflow", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Diego Lopez, Jesus Folgueira, IEEE Communications Magazine, 56 (7), pp. 162-169, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701336

Next-generation systems are anticipated to be digital platforms supporting innovative services with rapidly changing traffic patterns. To cope with this dynamicity in a cost-efficient manner, operators need advanced service management capabilities such as those provided by NFV. NFV enables operators to scale network services with higher granularity and agility than today. To this end, automation is key. In search of this automation, ETSI has defined a reference NFV framework that makes use of model-driven templates called NSDs to operate network services. For the scaling operation, an NSD defines a discrete set of instantiation levels among which a network service instance can be resized throughout its life cycle. Thus, the design of these levels is key for ensuring effective scaling. In this article, we provide an overview of the automation of the network service scaling operation in NFV, addressing the options and boundaries introduced by ETSI normative specifications. We start by providing a description of the NSD structure, focusing on how instantiation levels are constructed. For illustrative purposes, we propose an NSD for a representative network service. This NSD includes different instantiation levels that enable different ways to automatically scale this network service. Then we show the different scaling procedures the NFV framework has available, and how it may automate their triggering. Finally, we propose an ETSI-compliant workflow to describe in detail a representative scaling procedure. This workflow clarifies the interactions and information exchanges between the functional blocks in the NFV framework when performing the scaling operation.

@ARTICLE{OscarScaling2018,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lopez, Diego and Folgueira, Jesus},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={Automated Network Service Scaling in NFV: Concepts, Mechanisms and Scaling Workflow},
  year={2018},
  volume={56},
  number={7},
  pages={162-169},
  abstract={Next-generation systems are anticipated to be digital platforms supporting innovative services with rapidly changing traffic patterns. To cope with this dynamicity in a cost-efficient manner, operators need advanced service management capabilities such as those provided by NFV. NFV enables operators to scale network services with higher granularity and agility than today. To this end, automation is key. In search of this automation, ETSI has defined a reference NFV framework that makes use of model-driven templates called NSDs to operate network services. For the scaling operation, an NSD defines a discrete set of instantiation levels among which a network service instance can be resized throughout its life cycle. Thus, the design of these levels is key for ensuring effective scaling. In this article, we provide an overview of the automation of the network service scaling operation in NFV, addressing the options and boundaries introduced by ETSI normative specifications. We start by providing a description of the NSD structure, focusing on how instantiation levels are constructed. For illustrative purposes, we propose an NSD for a representative network service. This NSD includes different instantiation levels that enable different ways to automatically scale this network service. Then we show the different scaling procedures the NFV framework has available, and how it may automate their triggering. Finally, we propose an ETSI-compliant workflow to describe in detail a representative scaling procedure. This workflow clarifies the interactions and information exchanges between the functional blocks in the NFV framework when performing the scaling operation.},
  keywords={},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701336},
  ISSN={1558-1896},
  month={July},
  impact = {(IF=10.356, Q1)},
  project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68205}
}

"Integration of LoRaWAN and 4G/5G for the Industrial Internet of Things", J. Navarro-Ortiz, S. Sendra, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Communications Magazine, 56 (2), pp. 60-67, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1700625

@Article{8291115,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and S. {Sendra} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Magazine},   title={Integration of {LoRaWAN} and 4G/5G for the Industrial Internet of Things},   year={2018}, month=2, volume={56},  number={2},  pages={60-67},  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2018.1700625}, pdf={https://hdl.handle.net/10481/86867}, impact={(IF=9.27, Q1)}, project={5gcity}}

"Narrowband IoT Data Transmission Procedures for Massive Machine-Type Communications", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Network, 31 (6), pp. 8-15, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/MNET.2017.1700081

@Article{8120238,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Network},   title={Narrowband IoT Data Transmission Procedures for Massive Machine-Type Communications},   year={2017},  month=11, volume={31},  number={6},  pages={8-15},  doi={10.1109/MNET.2017.1700081}, impact={(IF=7.197, Q1)}}

"Modeling and Dimensioning of a Virtualized MME for 5G Mobile Networks", J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 66 (5), pp. 4383-4395, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2016.2608942

Network function virtualization is considered one of the key technologies for developing future mobile networks. In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework to evaluate the performance of a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) virtualized mobility management entity (vMME) hosted in a data center. This theoretical framework consists of 1) a queuing network to model the vMME in a data center and 2) analytic expressions to estimate the overall mean system delay and the signaling workload to be processed by the vMME. We validate our mathematical model by simulation. One direct use of the proposed model is vMME dimensioning, i.e., to compute the number of vMME processing instances to provide a target system delay given the number of users in the system. Additionally, the paper includes a scalability analysis of the system. In our study, we consider the billing model and a data center setup of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud service and estimate the processing time of MME processing instances for different LTE control procedures experimentally. For the considered setup, our results show that the vMME is scalable for signaling workloads up to 37 000 LTE control procedures per second for a target mean system delay of 1 ms. The system design and database performance assumed imposes this limit in the system scalability.

@ARTICLE{7565650,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},   title={Modeling and Dimensioning of a Virtualized MME for 5G Mobile Networks},   year={2017},  volume={66},  number={5},  pages={4383-4395},  abstract={Network function virtualization is considered one of the key technologies for developing future mobile networks. In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework to evaluate the performance of a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) virtualized mobility management entity (vMME) hosted in a data center. This theoretical framework consists of 1) a queuing network to model the vMME in a data center and 2) analytic expressions to estimate the overall mean system delay and the signaling workload to be processed by the vMME. We validate our mathematical model by simulation. One direct use of the proposed model is vMME dimensioning, i.e., to compute the number of vMME processing instances to provide a target system delay given the number of users in the system. Additionally, the paper includes a scalability analysis of the system. In our study, we consider the billing model and a data center setup of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud service and estimate the processing time of MME processing instances for different LTE control procedures experimentally. For the considered setup, our results show that the vMME is scalable for signaling workloads up to 37 000 LTE control procedures per second for a target mean system delay of 1 ms. The system design and database performance assumed imposes this limit in the system scalability.},  keywords={Computational modeling;Delays;Scalability;Mathematical model;Mobile radio mobility management;Data models;Evolved packet core (EPC);fifth generation (5G);network functions virtualization (NFV);scalability;virtualization;virtualized mobility management entity (vMME)},  doi={10.1109/TVT.2016.2608942},  ISSN={1939-9359},  month={May},impact={(IF=4.432, Q1)}}

"Interference Bound for Local Channel Allocation", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Wireless Personal Communications, 92 (4), pp. 1559-1574, 2017. DOI: 10.1007/s11277-016-3621-1

A lower bound of the total co-channel interference is proposed for the channel allocation problem when applied to a reduced set of nodes. The rest of the network nodes remain unaffected. This bound is independent of the particular channel allocation algorithm employed and no assumptions are made about the propagation model or the deployment scenario. Assuming that the bound is tight to the interference generated by the optimal channel allocation, its computation may help, for example, to estimate the minimum set of nodes for which channel allocation performs nearly-optimal while minimizing node reconfigurations. Another example of usage is the estimation of the minimum number of channels required for a given performance. The tightness of the proposed bound is evaluated through simulations, with a difference lower than 1\^A \% in the conducted simulations. In addition, a sample use case\^a\texteuro''adaptive local channel allocation\^a\texteuro''is also provided.

@Article{Navarro-Ortiz2017,
author={Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge
and Ameigeiras, Pablo
and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.
and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
title={Interference Bound for Local Channel Allocation},
journal={Wireless Personal Communications},
year={2017},
month={Feb},
day={01},
volume={92},
number={4},
pages={1559-1574},
abstract={A lower bound of the total co-channel interference is proposed for the channel allocation problem when applied to a reduced set of nodes. The rest of the network nodes remain unaffected. This bound is independent of the particular channel allocation algorithm employed and no assumptions are made about the propagation model or the deployment scenario. Assuming that the bound is tight to the interference generated by the optimal channel allocation, its computation may help, for example, to estimate the minimum set of nodes for which channel allocation performs nearly-optimal while minimizing node reconfigurations. Another example of usage is the estimation of the minimum number of channels required for a given performance. The tightness of the proposed bound is evaluated through simulations, with a difference lower than 1{\^A} {\%} in the conducted simulations. In addition, a sample use case{\^a}{\texteuro}''adaptive local channel allocation{\^a}{\texteuro}''is also provided.},
issn={1572-834X},
doi={10.1007/s11277-016-3621-1},
impact={(IF=1.200, Q4)}
}

"Network Slicing for 5G with SDN/NFV: Concepts, Architectures, and Challenges", Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Ameigeiras, Diego Lopez, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Javier Lorca, Jesus Folgueira, IEEE Communications Magazine, 55 (5), pp. 80-87, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600935

@ARTICLE{7926921,
  author={Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez, Diego and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lorca, Javier and Folgueira, Jesus},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={Network Slicing for 5G with SDN/NFV: Concepts, Architectures, and Challenges},
  year={2017},
  volume={55},
  number={5},
  pages={80-87},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600935},
  impact={(IF=9.270, Q1)}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/45368}}

"3GPP QoS-based scheduling framework for LTE", Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pilar Andres-Maldonado, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Javier Lorca, Quiliano Perez-Tarrero, Raquel Garcia-Perez, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2016 (1), pp. 78, 2016. DOI: 10.1186/s13638-016-0565-9

This paper proposes the design of a scheduling framework for the downlink of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system with the objective of meeting the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements as defined by the QoS architecture of the 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications. We carry out a thorough review of 3GPP specifications analyzing the requirements of the 3GPP QoS architecture. LTE bearers may be associated with a Guaranteed Bit Rate (i.e., GBR bearers) or not (i.e., non-GBR bearers). Additionally, the specifications establish a Packet Delay Budget (PDB) to limit the maximum packet transfer delay. To achieve our goal, we design a channel-aware service discipline for GBR bearers which is able to fulfill not only the GBR but also the PDB. Additionally, we also design an algorithm for prioritizing GBR and non-GBR bearers from different QoS Class Identifiers (QCIs) following 3GPP QoS rules. We compare the proposed framework with two reference schedulers by means of network-level simulations. The results will show the ability of the proposed framework to address the QoS requirements from 3GPP specifications while providing an interesting performance from a spectral efficiency viewpoint.

@Article{Ameigeiras2016,
author={Ameigeiras, Pablo
and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge
and Andres-Maldonado, Pilar
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.
and Lorca, Javier
and Perez-Tarrero, Quiliano
and Garcia-Perez, Raquel},
title={3GPP QoS-based scheduling framework for LTE},
journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
year={2016},
month={Mar},
day={10},
volume={2016},
number={1},
pages={78},
abstract={This paper proposes the design of a scheduling framework for the downlink of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system with the objective of meeting the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements as defined by the QoS architecture of the 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications. We carry out a thorough review of 3GPP specifications analyzing the requirements of the 3GPP QoS architecture. LTE bearers may be associated with a Guaranteed Bit Rate (i.e., GBR bearers) or not (i.e., non-GBR bearers). Additionally, the specifications establish a Packet Delay Budget (PDB) to limit the maximum packet transfer delay. To achieve our goal, we design a channel-aware service discipline for GBR bearers which is able to fulfill not only the GBR but also the PDB. Additionally, we also design an algorithm for prioritizing GBR and non-GBR bearers from different QoS Class Identifiers (QCIs) following 3GPP QoS rules. We compare the proposed framework with two reference schedulers by means of network-level simulations. The results will show the ability of the proposed framework to address the QoS requirements from 3GPP specifications while providing an interesting performance from a spectral efficiency viewpoint.},
issn={1687-1499},
doi={10.1186/s13638-016-0565-9},
impact={(IF=1.529, Q3)}
}

"Virtualized MME Design for IoT Support in 5G Systems", Pilar Andres-Maldonado, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Sensors, 16 (8), 2016. DOI: 10.3390/s16081338

Cellular systems are recently being considered an option to provide support to the Internet of Things (IoT). To enable this support, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has introduced new procedures specifically targeted for cellular IoT. With one of these procedures, the transmissions of small and infrequent data packets from/to the devices are encapsulated in signaling messages and sent through the control plane. However, these transmissions from/to a massive number of devices may imply a major increase of the processing load on the control plane entities of the network and in particular on the Mobility Management Entity (MME). In this paper, we propose two designs of an MME based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) that aim at facilitating the IoT support. The first proposed design partially separates the processing resources dedicated to each traffic class. The second design includes traffic shaping to control the traffic of each class. We consider three classes: Mobile Broadband (MBB), low latency Machine to Machine communications (lM2M) and delay-tolerant M2M communications. Our proposals enable reducing the processing resources and, therefore, the cost. Additionally, results show that the proposed designs lessen the impact between classes, so they ease the compliance of the delay requirements of MBB and lM2M communications.

@Article{s16081338,
AUTHOR = {Andres-Maldonado, Pilar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
TITLE = {Virtualized MME Design for IoT Support in 5G Systems},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {16},
YEAR = {2016},
NUMBER = {8},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {1338},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/8/1338},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Cellular systems are recently being considered an option to provide support to the Internet of Things (IoT). To enable this support, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has introduced new procedures specifically targeted for cellular IoT. With one of these procedures, the transmissions of small and infrequent data packets from/to the devices are encapsulated in signaling messages and sent through the control plane. However, these transmissions from/to a massive number of devices may imply a major increase of the processing load on the control plane entities of the network and in particular on the Mobility Management Entity (MME). In this paper, we propose two designs of an MME based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) that aim at facilitating the IoT support. The first proposed design partially separates the processing resources dedicated to each traffic class. The second design includes traffic shaping to control the traffic of each class. We consider three classes: Mobile Broadband (MBB), low latency Machine to Machine communications (lM2M) and delay-tolerant M2M communications. Our proposals enable reducing the processing resources and, therefore, the cost. Additionally, results show that the proposed designs lessen the impact between classes, so they ease the compliance of the delay requirements of MBB and lM2M communications.},
DOI = {10.3390/s16081338},impact={(IF=2.677, Q1)}}

"Link-level access cloud architecture design based on SDN for 5G networks", P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-munoz, L. Schumacher, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-soler, IEEE Network, 29 (2), pp. 24-31, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/MNET.2015.7064899

@Article{7064899,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-munoz} and L. {Schumacher} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Network},   title={Link-level access cloud architecture design based on SDN for 5G networks},   year={2015},  volume={29},  number={2},  pages={24-31},  doi={10.1109/MNET.2015.7064899}, impact={(IF=2.899, Q1)}}

"Dynamic Deployment of Small Cells in TV White Spaces", P. Ameigeiras, D. M. Gutierrez-Estevez, J. Navarro-Ortiz, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 64 (9), pp. 4063-4073, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2014.2361457

@Article{6915754,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and D. M. {Gutierrez-Estevez} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz}},  journal={{IEEE} Transactions on Vehicular Technology},   title={Dynamic Deployment of Small Cells in TV White Spaces},   year={2015},  volume={64},  number={9},  pages={4063-4073},  doi={10.1109/TVT.2014.2361457}, impact={(IF=2.642, Q1)}}

"Characteristics of mobile youtube traffic", J. J. Ramos-munoz, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-soler, IEEE Wireless Communications, 21 (1), pp. 18-25, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/MWC.2014.6757893

@Article{6757893,  author={J. J. {Ramos-munoz} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Wireless Communications},   title={Characteristics of mobile youtube traffic},   year={2014},  volume={21},  number={1},  pages={18-25},  doi={10.1109/MWC.2014.6757893}, impact={(IF=6.524, Q1)}}

"Removing redundant TCP functionalities in wired-cum-wireless networks with IEEE 802.11e HCCA support", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, International Journal of Communication Systems, 27 (11), pp. 3352-3367, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2546

SUMMARY The TCP was originally designed for wired networks, assuming transmission errors were negligible. Actually, any acknowledgment time-out unconditionally triggers the congestion control mechanism, even in wireless networks in which this assumption is not valid. Consequently, in wireless networks, TCP performance significantly degrades. To avoid this degradation, this paper proposes the so-called split TCP and UDP. In this approach, the access point splits the TCP connection and uses a customized and lighter transport protocol for the wireless segment. It takes advantage of the IEEE 802.11e Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) mechanisms to remove redundant TCP functionalities. Specifically, the HCCA scheduler allows disabling of the congestion control in the wireless link. Similarly, the IEEE 802.11e error control service makes possible to eliminate TCP acknowledgments, therefore reducing the TCP protocol overhead. Finally, the usage of an HCCA scheduler permits providing fairness among the different data flows. The proposed split scheme is evaluated via extensive simulations. Results show that split TCP and User Datagram Protocol outperforms the analyzed TCP flavors specifically designed for wireless environments and the split TCP solution, achieving up to 95\% of end-user throughput gain. Furthermore, the proposed solution is TCP friendly because TCP flows are not degraded by the presence of flows by using this approach. Copyright 2013 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

@Article{redundanttcp,
author = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
title = {Removing redundant TCP functionalities in wired-cum-wireless networks with {IEEE} 802.11e HCCA support},
journal = {International Journal of Communication Systems},
volume = {27},
number = {11},
pages = {3352-3367},
keywords = {802.11e, HCCA, performance enhancing proxy, TCP},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2546},
eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/dac.2546},
abstract = {SUMMARY The TCP was originally designed for wired networks, assuming transmission errors were negligible. Actually, any acknowledgment time-out unconditionally triggers the congestion control mechanism, even in wireless networks in which this assumption is not valid. Consequently, in wireless networks, TCP performance significantly degrades. To avoid this degradation, this paper proposes the so-called split TCP and UDP. In this approach, the access point splits the TCP connection and uses a customized and lighter transport protocol for the wireless segment. It takes advantage of the {IEEE} 802.11e Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) mechanisms to remove redundant TCP functionalities. Specifically, the HCCA scheduler allows disabling of the congestion control in the wireless link. Similarly, the {IEEE} 802.11e error control service makes possible to eliminate TCP acknowledgments, therefore reducing the TCP protocol overhead. Finally, the usage of an HCCA scheduler permits providing fairness among the different data flows. The proposed split scheme is evaluated via extensive simulations. Results show that split TCP and User Datagram Protocol outperforms the analyzed TCP flavors specifically designed for wireless environments and the split TCP solution, achieving up to 95\% of end-user throughput gain. Furthermore, the proposed solution is TCP friendly because TCP flows are not degraded by the presence of flows by using this approach. Copyright 2013 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
year = {2014},
impact={(IF=1.463, Q3)}
}

"A QoE-Aware Scheduler for HTTP Progressive Video in OFDMA Systems", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, J. Lorca-Hernando, Q. Perez-Tarrero, R. Garcia-Perez, IEEE Communications Letters, 17 (4), pp. 677-680, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2013.021913.122716

@Article{6511522,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and J. {Lorca-Hernando} and Q. {Perez-Tarrero} and R. {Garcia-Perez}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Letters},   title={A QoE-Aware Scheduler for HTTP Progressive Video in OFDMA Systems},   year={2013},  volume={17},  number={4},  pages={677-680},  doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2013.021913.122716}, impact={(IF=1.463, Q2)}}

"Traffic models impact on OFDMA scheduling design", Pablo Ameigeiras, Yuanye Wang, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Preben E. Mogensen, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2012 (1), pp. 61, 2012. DOI: 10.1186/1687-1499-2012-61

This article studies the impact on the design of scheduling algorithms for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems of two traffic models described in the evaluation methodology proposals from standardization bodies: the full buffer and the finite buffer traffic models. The analysis concentrates on utility-based scheduling with an \^I\textpm-fair utility function for Non-Real Time (NRT) services. The results show that a gradient scheduling algorithm is able to maximize the aggregate utility over all the users when the less realistic full buffer model is adopted; but not when the finite buffer model is applied. The results also show that with the full buffer model a gradient scheduler exhibits a trade-off between average user throughput and the user throughput at 5\% outage, but it does not when the more realistic finite buffer is used. Therefore, it is concluded that designs of scheduling algorithms for NRT services for OFDMA systems carried out under the full buffer model assumption may fail to provide the desired performance benefits in realistic scenarios. Based on the results presented, a recommendation on scheduling design is provided.

@Article{Ameigeiras2012,
author={Ameigeiras, Pablo
and Wang, Yuanye
and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge
and Mogensen, Preben E.
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
title={Traffic models impact on OFDMA scheduling design},
journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
year={2012},
month={Feb},
day={24},
volume={2012},
number={1},
pages={61},
abstract={This article studies the impact on the design of scheduling algorithms for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems of two traffic models described in the evaluation methodology proposals from standardization bodies: the full buffer and the finite buffer traffic models. The analysis concentrates on utility-based scheduling with an {\^I}{\textpm}-fair utility function for Non-Real Time (NRT) services. The results show that a gradient scheduling algorithm is able to maximize the aggregate utility over all the users when the less realistic full buffer model is adopted; but not when the finite buffer model is applied. The results also show that with the full buffer model a gradient scheduler exhibits a trade-off between average user throughput and the user throughput at 5{\%} outage, but it does not when the more realistic finite buffer is used. Therefore, it is concluded that designs of scheduling algorithms for NRT services for OFDMA systems carried out under the full buffer model assumption may fail to provide the desired performance benefits in realistic scenarios. Based on the results presented, a recommendation on scheduling design is provided.},
issn={1687-1499},
doi={10.1186/1687-1499-2012-61},
impact={(IF=0.540, Q3)}
}

"A Simple Model for Predicting the Number and Duration of Rebuffering Events for YouTube Flows", P. Ameigeiras, A. Azcona-Rivas, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Communications Letters, 16 (2), pp. 278-280, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2011.121311.111682

@Article{6109192,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and A. {Azcona-Rivas} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Letters},   title={A Simple Model for Predicting the Number and Duration of Rebuffering Events for YouTube Flows},   year={2012},  volume={16},  number={2},  pages={278-280},  doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2011.121311.111682}, impact={(IF=1.16, Q2)}}

"Analysis and modelling of YouTube traffic", Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, J.M. Lopez-Soler, Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 23 (4), pp. 360-377, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.2546

ABSTRACT YouTube currently accounts for a significant percentage of the Internet's global traffic. Hence, understanding the characteristics of the YouTube traffic generation pattern can provide a significant advantage in predicting user video quality and in enhancing network design. In this paper, we present a characterisation of the traffic generated by YouTube when accessed from a regular PC. On the basis of this characterisation, a YouTube server traffic generation model is proposed, which, for example, can be easily implemented in simulation tools. The derived characterisation and model are based on experimental evaluations of traffic generated by the application layer of YouTube servers. A YouTube server commences the download with an initial burst and later throttles down the generation rate. If the available bandwidth is reduced (e.g. in the presence of network congestion), the server behaves as if the data excess that cannot be transmitted because of the reduced bandwidth were accumulated at a server's buffer, which is later drained if the bandwidth availability is recovered. As we will show, the video clip encoding rate plays a relevant role in determining the traffic generation rate, and therefore, a cumulative density function for the most viewed video clips will be presented. The proposed traffic generation model was implemented in a YouTube emulation server, and the generated synthetic traffic traces were compared with downloads from the original YouTube server. The results show that the relative error between downloads from the emulation server and the original server does not exceed 6\% for the 90\% of the considered videos. Copyright 2012 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

@Article{analysisyoutube,
author = {Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Lopez-Soler, J.M.},
title = {Analysis and modelling of YouTube traffic},
journal = {Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies},
volume = {23},
number = {4},
pages = {360-377},
keywords = {YouTube, YouTube traffic generation, progressive download, YouTube data rate, YouTube application flow control, progressive download traffic generation},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.2546},
eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ett.2546},
abstract = {ABSTRACT YouTube currently accounts for a significant percentage of the Internet's global traffic. Hence, understanding the characteristics of the YouTube traffic generation pattern can provide a significant advantage in predicting user video quality and in enhancing network design. In this paper, we present a characterisation of the traffic generated by YouTube when accessed from a regular PC. On the basis of this characterisation, a YouTube server traffic generation model is proposed, which, for example, can be easily implemented in simulation tools. The derived characterisation and model are based on experimental evaluations of traffic generated by the application layer of YouTube servers. A YouTube server commences the download with an initial burst and later throttles down the generation rate. If the available bandwidth is reduced (e.g. in the presence of network congestion), the server behaves as if the data excess that cannot be transmitted because of the reduced bandwidth were accumulated at a server's buffer, which is later drained if the bandwidth availability is recovered. As we will show, the video clip encoding rate plays a relevant role in determining the traffic generation rate, and therefore, a cumulative density function for the most viewed video clips will be presented. The proposed traffic generation model was implemented in a YouTube emulation server, and the generated synthetic traffic traces were compared with downloads from the original YouTube server. The results show that the relative error between downloads from the emulation server and the original server does not exceed 6\% for the 90\% of the considered videos. Copyright 2012 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
year = {2012},
impact={(IF=1.05, Q4)}
}

"User-Level Quality Assessment of a Delay-Aware Packet Dropping Scheme for VoIP", Erika Patricia Alvarez-Flores, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Network Protocols and Algorithms, 3 (3), pp. 38-66, 2011. DOI: 10.5296/npa.v3i3.1113

To deal with congestion control in internet protocol (IP) networks, different active queue management schemes have been successfully proposed. However, many of these schemes do not take into consideration the particular Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) requirements, thereby potentially penalizing this traffic. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a dropping packet selection algorithm for queue management schemes. This algorithm, called Drop-SwD, protects VoIP traffic without affecting other User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic. Additionally, to preserve the quality of the VoIP service, the proposed algorithm selects the lowest quality packets (with less impact on the subjective quality) to be dropped.The application of the algorithm in different active queue management schemes is evaluated using objective and subjective quality metrics and intelligibility metrics as well. As a result, we show that Drop-SwD improves the final quality of the voice packets flow, without degrading the performance of other traffic class, with respect to the packet dropping schemes of reference.

@Article{alvarezflores2011,
	title = {User-{Level} {Quality} {Assessment} of a {Delay}-{Aware} {Packet} {Dropping} {Scheme} for {VoIP}},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {Copyright (c)},
	issn = {1943-3581},
	doi = {10.5296/npa.v3i3.1113},
	abstract = {To deal with congestion control in internet protocol (IP) networks, different active queue management schemes have been successfully proposed. However, many of these schemes do not take into consideration the particular Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) requirements, thereby potentially penalizing this traffic. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a dropping packet selection algorithm for queue management schemes. This algorithm, called Drop-SwD, protects VoIP traffic without affecting other User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic. Additionally, to preserve the quality of the VoIP service, the proposed algorithm selects the lowest quality packets (with less impact on the subjective quality) to be dropped.The application of the algorithm in different active queue management schemes is evaluated using objective and subjective quality metrics and intelligibility metrics as well. As a result, we show that Drop-SwD improves the final quality of the voice packets flow, without degrading the performance of other traffic class, with respect to the packet dropping schemes of reference.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2021-03-21},
	journal = {Network Protocols and Algorithms},
	author = {Alvarez-Flores, Erika Patricia and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
	month = December,
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {AQM, Dropping, QoE, QoS, Service Differentiation, VoIP.},
	pages = {38-66},
}

"Selective Packet Dropping for VoIP and TCP Flows", Erika P. Alvarez Flores, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Telecommunication Systems Journal, 46 (1), 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-009-9252-z

The adoption of the IP protocol for serving diverse applications arises the need for mechanisms to prevent network congestion in scenarios with different traffic
types (responsive and unresponsive) sharing limited network
resources. To deal with this issue, a number of algorithms
for active queue management (AQM) have been proposed.
However, most of them do not observe the traffic type and
usually disregard this knowledge. In this way, the provided
service could not comply with the distinctive requirements
of the different type of traffic, such as VoIP services, which
demand bounded packet latency and loss rate.
This paper proposes a new approach to be applied for
preventing network congestion in AQM routers. Our scheme
includes a procedure for selecting the packet to be dropped
that improves the fairness among different classes of flows.
We evaluate the use of this approach on distinct AQM
schemes in scenarios with different degrees of UDP and
TCP traffic mix. Objective and subjective performance measurements are reported. The experimental evaluation indicates that our approach improves the fairness among different traffic classes without using any packet scheduler. In fact, it also improves the VoIP traffic performance in terms of packet dropping probability, MOS (Mean Opinion Score) and intelligibility. We also show that our approach has
no negative impact on the packet delay. Moreover, it is not achieved at the expense of TCP responsive traffic.

@article{ERIKA2011,
title = {Selective Packet Dropping for VoIP and TCP Flows},
journal = {Telecommunication Systems Journal},
volume = {46},
number = {1},
year = {2011},
issn = {1018-4864},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-009-9252-z},
url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11235-009-9252-z.pdf},
author = {Erika P. Alvarez Flores and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {Active queue management, RED, VoIP, TCP-friendly, Fairness, Traffic mix},
abstract = {The adoption of the IP protocol for serving diverse applications arises the need for mechanisms to prevent network congestion in scenarios with different traffic
types (responsive and unresponsive) sharing limited network
resources. To deal with this issue, a number of algorithms
for active queue management (AQM) have been proposed.
However, most of them do not observe the traffic type and
usually disregard this knowledge. In this way, the provided
service could not comply with the distinctive requirements
of the different type of traffic, such as VoIP services, which
demand bounded packet latency and loss rate.
This paper proposes a new approach to be applied for
preventing network congestion in AQM routers. Our scheme
includes a procedure for selecting the packet to be dropped
that improves the fairness among different classes of flows.
We evaluate the use of this approach on distinct AQM
schemes in scenarios with different degrees of UDP and
TCP traffic mix. Objective and subjective performance measurements are reported. The experimental evaluation indicates that our approach improves the fairness among different traffic classes without using any packet scheduler. In fact, it also improves the VoIP traffic performance in terms of packet dropping probability, MOS (Mean Opinion Score) and intelligibility. We also show that our approach has
no negative impact on the packet delay. Moreover, it is not achieved at the expense of TCP responsive traffic.}, impact={(IF=0.67, Q3)}}

"QoE oriented cross-layer design of a resource allocation algorithm in beyond 3G systems", Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Preben Mogensen, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Computer Communications, 33 (5), pp. 571-582, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2009.10.016

The provision of high speed access to Internet and IP-based services is one of the main goals of beyond 3G (B3G) wireless systems. These systems will benefit from cross-layer protocol designs that will introduce interactions between different layers to obtain performance gains. The majority of the research in the field of cross-layer in B3G systems aims at improving quality of service (QoS) system centric metrics such as spectral efficiency, service latency, delay variation (jitter), etc. However, minor attention has been paid to the satisfaction of the subjective quality requirements from human users. With the goal of incorporating the subjective human perception into the cross-layer design of B3G systems, this work carries out an experimental survey of the sensitivity of the user subjective quality to the service response time for the Web browsing application. From the experimental results, a mapping from service response time and user data rate (provided by the wireless link) to mean opinion score (MOS) is derived. The presented results will show that the Web page size plays an important role in the mapping function. The derived mapping function is incorporated into a radio resource allocation algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. This incorporation is carried out maximizing the aggregate utility over all the users in the cell. Its performance has been compared to that of the multicarrier proportional fair (MPF) under heavy load conditions with a 3G LTE simulator. The results have shown that the proposed methodology can provide an interesting enhancement of the user experienced quality compared to the MPF algorithm.

@Article{AMEIGEIRAS2010571,
title = {QoE oriented cross-layer design of a resource allocation algorithm in beyond 3G systems},
journal = {Computer Communications},
volume = {33},
number = {5},
pages = {571-582},
year = {2010},
issn = {0140-3664},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2009.10.016},
author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Jorge Navarro-Ortiz and Preben Mogensen and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {HTTP subjective quality survey, Quality of experience (QoE), Cross-layer design, Utility function, Long term evolution},
abstract = {The provision of high speed access to Internet and IP-based services is one of the main goals of beyond 3G (B3G) wireless systems. These systems will benefit from cross-layer protocol designs that will introduce interactions between different layers to obtain performance gains. The majority of the research in the field of cross-layer in B3G systems aims at improving quality of service (QoS) system centric metrics such as spectral efficiency, service latency, delay variation (jitter), etc. However, minor attention has been paid to the satisfaction of the subjective quality requirements from human users. With the goal of incorporating the subjective human perception into the cross-layer design of B3G systems, this work carries out an experimental survey of the sensitivity of the user subjective quality to the service response time for the Web browsing application. From the experimental results, a mapping from service response time and user data rate (provided by the wireless link) to mean opinion score (MOS) is derived. The presented results will show that the Web page size plays an important role in the mapping function. The derived mapping function is incorporated into a radio resource allocation algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. This incorporation is carried out maximizing the aggregate utility over all the users in the cell. Its performance has been compared to that of the multicarrier proportional fair (MPF) under heavy load conditions with a 3G LTE simulator. The results have shown that the proposed methodology can provide an interesting enhancement of the user experienced quality compared to the MPF algorithm.},
impact={(IF=0.816, Q2)}
}

"An 802.11e HCCA scheduler with an end-to-end quality aware territory method", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Computer Communications, 32 (11), pp. 1281-1297, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2008.12.014

In this paper we present a solution for the IEEE 802.11e HCCA (Hybrid coordination function Controlled Channel Access) mechanism which aims both at supporting strict real-time traffic requirements and, simultaneously, at handling TCP applications efficiently. Our proposal combines a packet scheduler and a dynamic resource allocation algorithm. The scheduling discipline is based on the Monolithic Shaper-Scheduler, which is a modification of a General Processor Sharing (GPS) related scheduler. It supports minimum-bandwidth and delay guarantees and, at the same time, it achieves the optimal latency of all the GPS-related schedulers. In addition, our innovative resource allocation procedure, called the territory method, aims at prioritizing real time services and at improving the performance of TCP applications. For this purpose, it splits the wireless channel capacity (in terms of transmission opportunities) into different territories for the different types of traffic, taking into account the end-to-end network dynamics. In order to give support to the desired applications, we consider the following traffic classes: conversational, streaming, interactive and best-effort. The so called territories shrink or expand depending on the current quality experienced by the corresponding traffic class. We evaluated the performance of our solution through extensive simulations in a heterogeneous wired-cum-wireless scenario under different traffic conditions. Additionally, we compare our proposal to other HCCA scheduling algorithms, the HCCA reference scheduler and Fair Hybrid Coordination Function (FHCF). The results show that the combination of the MSS and the territory method obtains higher system capacity for VoIP traffic (up to 32 users) in the simulated scenario, compared to FHCF and the HCCA reference scheduler (13 users). In addition, the MSS with the territory method also improves the throughput of TCP sources (one FTP application achieves between 6.1 Mbps without VoIP traffic and 2.1 Mbps with 20 VoIP users) compared to the reference scheduler (at most 388 kbps) and FHCF (with a maximum FTP throughput of 4.8 Mbps).

@Article{NAVARROORTIZ20091281,
title = {An 802.11e {HCCA} scheduler with an end-to-end quality aware territory method},
journal = {Computer Communications},
volume = {32},
number = {11},
pages = {1281-1297},
year = {2009},
note = {Special Issue of Computer Communications on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security, and Robustness - Part I},
issn = {0140-3664},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2008.12.014},
author = {Jorge Navarro-Ortiz and Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {802.11e, HCCA, Quality of Experience, Scheduler, Resource allocation},
abstract = {In this paper we present a solution for the {IEEE} 802.11e HCCA (Hybrid coordination function Controlled Channel Access) mechanism which aims both at supporting strict real-time traffic requirements and, simultaneously, at handling TCP applications efficiently. Our proposal combines a packet scheduler and a dynamic resource allocation algorithm. The scheduling discipline is based on the Monolithic Shaper-Scheduler, which is a modification of a General Processor Sharing (GPS) related scheduler. It supports minimum-bandwidth and delay guarantees and, at the same time, it achieves the optimal latency of all the GPS-related schedulers. In addition, our innovative resource allocation procedure, called the territory method, aims at prioritizing real time services and at improving the performance of TCP applications. For this purpose, it splits the wireless channel capacity (in terms of transmission opportunities) into different territories for the different types of traffic, taking into account the end-to-end network dynamics. In order to give support to the desired applications, we consider the following traffic classes: conversational, streaming, interactive and best-effort. The so called territories shrink or expand depending on the current quality experienced by the corresponding traffic class. We evaluated the performance of our solution through extensive simulations in a heterogeneous wired-cum-wireless scenario under different traffic conditions. Additionally, we compare our proposal to other HCCA scheduling algorithms, the HCCA reference scheduler and Fair Hybrid Coordination Function (FHCF). The results show that the combination of the MSS and the territory method obtains higher system capacity for VoIP traffic (up to 32 users) in the simulated scenario, compared to FHCF and the HCCA reference scheduler (13 users). In addition, the MSS with the territory method also improves the throughput of TCP sources (one FTP application achieves between 6.1 Mbps without VoIP traffic and 2.1 Mbps with 20 VoIP users) compared to the reference scheduler (at most 388 kbps) and FHCF (with a maximum FTP throughput of 4.8 Mbps).},
impact={(IF=0.933, Q2)}
}

"Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation", Jeroen Wigard, Nina A.H. Madsen, Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Isaias Lopez Sepulveda, Preben Mogensen, Wireless Personal Communications, 23, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020909609140

This article focuses on the Quality of Service (QoS) achieved by packet scheduling. A packet scheduling algorithm, which can differentiate the QoS among user and service classes, is presented. The algorithm can be tuned from signal to interference ratio (C/I) based scheduling to Round Robin and beyond. Thus, an operator can choose between optimizing the spectral efficiency or giving a fair QoS distribution among the users within a user and traffic class. By combining the two effects, different strategies can be used for different user and service classes. Simulation results for the downlink shared channel (DSCH) are presented and implementation issues are also discussed.

@article{AMEI2005,
title = {Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation},
journal = {Wireless Personal Communications},
volume = {23},
year = {2002},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020909609140},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1020909609140},
author = {Jeroen Wigard and Nina A.H. Madsen and Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez and Isaias Lopez Sepulveda and Preben Mogensen},
keywords = {packet scheduling,Quality of Service, WCDMA,DSCH, DCH},
abstract = {This article focuses on the Quality of Service (QoS) achieved by packet scheduling. A packet scheduling algorithm, which can differentiate the QoS among user and service classes, is presented. The algorithm can be tuned from signal to interference ratio (C/I) based scheduling to Round Robin and beyond. Thus, an operator can choose between optimizing the spectral efficiency or giving a fair QoS distribution among the users within a user and traffic class. By combining the two effects, different strategies can be used for different user and service classes. Simulation results for the downlink shared channel (DSCH) are presented and implementation issues are also discussed.},
impact = {(IF=1.061, Q3)}

}

"Flow Prioritization for TSN Asynchronous Traffic Shapers", Julia Caleya-Sanchez, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Munoz-Luengo, Pablo Ameigeiras, "International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Networking 2023 - TENSOR workshop", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{EUCNC2023,
   author       = {Caleya-Sanchez, Julia and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Munoz-Luengo, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo},
   title        = {Flow Prioritization for TSN Asynchronous Traffic Shapers},
   booktitle    = {International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Networking 2023 - TENSOR workshop},
   year         = {2023},
   publisher    = {IFIP Technical Committee on Communication Systems (TC6)},
   month        = {June},
   address      = {Barcelona, Spain},
   COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
   project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
   COMMENTurl   = {https://doi.org/xxx}
}

"Autonomous Radio Resource Provisioning in Multi-WAT Private 5G RANs based on DRL", L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, "IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{AutoCh23,
  author       = {L. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and P. Munoz and P. Ameigeiras and J. J. Ramos-Munoz},
  booktitle    = {IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow},
  title        = {Autonomous Radio Resource Provisioning in Multi-WAT Private 5G RANs based on DRL},
  year         = {2023},
  publisher    = {IEEE},
  month        = {Mar},
  address      = {Glasgow, Scotland, UK},
  COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
  COMMENTurl   = {https://doi.org/xxx}}

"URLLC Achieved Data Rate through Exploiting Multi-Connectivity in Industrial Private 5G Networks with Multi-WAT RANs", L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{URLLC_Ch23,
  author       = {L. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and P. Munoz and P. Ameigeiras and J. M. Lopez-Soler},
  booktitle    = {IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow},
  title        = {URLLC Achieved Data Rate through Exploiting Multi-Connectivity in Industrial Private 5G Networks with Multi-WAT RANs},
  year         = {2023},
  publisher    = {IEEE},
  month        = {Mar},
  address      = {Glasgow, Scotland, UK},
  COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
  COMMENTurl   = {https://doi.org/xxx}}

"Leveraging DRL for Traffic Prioritization in 5G and Beyond TSN-based Transport Networks", Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, "XXXVII Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI 2022)", pp. 1-4, 2022. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7060474

@INPROCEEDINGS{URSI20227060474,
   author       = {Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Munoz, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.},
   title        = {Leveraging {DRL} for Traffic Prioritization in {5G} and Beyond {TSN}-based Transport Networks},
   booktitle    = {XXXVII Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI 2022)},
   year         = {2022},
   publisher    = {Zenodo},
   month        = {Sep},
   pages        = {1-4},
   address      = {Malaga, Spain},
   doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.7060474},
   project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
   url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7060474}
}

"WIMUNET: Current research on Internet of (Robotic) things and 5G", P. Munoz, L. Chinchilla-Romero, N. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, F. Delgado-Ferro, J. Caleya-Sanchez, P. Rodriguez-Martin, P. Ameigeiras, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "Arqus Research Focus Forum - Artificial Intelligence and its applications, Granada", 2022

@INPROCEEDINGS{Auto_Ch23,
  author={P. Munoz and L. Chinchilla-Romero and N. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and O. Adamuz-Hinojosa and F. Delgado-Ferro and J. Caleya-Sanchez and P. Rodriguez-Martin and P. Ameigeiras and J. Navarro-Ortiz and J. J. Ramos-Munoz and J. M. Lopez-Soler},
  booktitle={Arqus Research Focus Forum - Artificial Intelligence and its applications, Granada},
  title={WIMUNET: Current research on Internet of (Robotic) things and 5G},
  year={2022},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos|premonition},
  doi={}}

"DRL-assisted Radio Resource Provisioning in multi-WAT Private 5G Networks", L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, "XXXVII Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio), Malaga", 2022

@INPROCEEDINGS{DRL_Ch22,
  author={L. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and P. Munoz and P. Ameigeiras and J. J. Ramos-Munoz},
  booktitle={XXXVII Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio), Malaga},
  title={DRL-assisted Radio Resource Provisioning in multi-WAT Private 5G Networks},
  year={2022},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
  doi={}}

"Analytical Model for the UE Blocking Probability in an OFDMA Cell providing GBR Slices", O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Nanjing, China", pp. 1-7, 2021

When a network operator designs strategies for planning and operating Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) slices, there are inherent issues such as the under(over)-provisioning of radio resources. To avoid them, modeling the User Equipment (UE) blocking probability in each cell is key. This task is challenging due to the total required bandwidth depends on the channel quality of each UE and the spatio-temporal variations in the number of UE sessions. Under this context, we propose an analytical model to evaluate the UE blocking probability in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) cell. The main novelty of our model is the adoption of a multi-dimensional Erlang-B system which meets the reversibility property. This means our model is insensitive to the holding time distribution for the UE session. In addition, this property reduces the computational complexity of our model due to the solution for the state transition probabilities has product form. The provided results show that our model exhibits an estimation error for the UE blocking probability below 3.5%.

@INPROCEEDINGS{OscarCellModel2021,
author={O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} },
booktitle={2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Nanjing, China},
title={Analytical Model for the UE Blocking Probability in an OFDMA Cell providing GBR Slices},
year={2021},
volume={},
number={},
pages={1-7},
abstract={When a network operator designs strategies for planning and operating Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) slices, there are inherent issues such as the under(over)-provisioning of radio resources. To avoid them, modeling the User Equipment (UE) blocking probability in each cell is key. This task is challenging due to the total required bandwidth depends on the channel quality of each UE and the spatio-temporal variations in the number of UE sessions. Under this context, we propose an analytical model to evaluate the UE blocking probability in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) cell. The main novelty of our model is the adoption of a multi-dimensional Erlang-B system which meets the reversibility property. This means our model is insensitive to the holding time distribution for the UE session. In addition, this property reduces the computational complexity of our model due to the solution for the state transition probabilities has product form. The provided results show that our model exhibits an estimation error for the UE blocking probability below 3.5%.},
keywords={Blocking probability; OFDMA; GBR; Erlang-B},
doi={},
ISSN={},
month={Mar.},
project={5gclarity|true5g}
}

"Asynchronous Time-Sensitive Networking for Industrial Networks", Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and
Communications   6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)", pp. 130-135, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit51104.2021.9482597

@INPROCEEDINGS{9482597,
   author={Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Munoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
   booktitle={2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and
Communications   6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)},
   title={Asynchronous Time-Sensitive Networking for Industrial Networks},
   year={2021},
   volume={},
   number={},
   pages={130-135},
   project={5gclarity|true5g},
   doi={10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit51104.2021.9482597}}

"WiMuNet's research lines", J. Navarro-Ortiz, N. Chinchilla-Romero, L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, F. Delgado-Ferro, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "VI Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'21)", ISBN 9788409311248, 2021

@Inproceedings{jnavarroqqcm21, author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and N. {Chinchilla-Romero} and L. {Chinchilla-Romero} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and F. {Delgado-Ferro} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz-Luengo} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}}, booktitle={VI Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'21)}, isbn={9788409311248}, title={WiMuNet's research lines}, year={2021}, url={https://sites.google.com/unizar.es/qqcm-2021/agenda}, project={5gclarity|true5g|artemis}}

"Sharing gNB components in RAN slicing: A perspective from 3GPP/NFV standards", O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)", pp. 1-7, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931318

To implement the next Generation NodeBs (gNBs) that are present in every Radio Access Network (RAN) slice subnet, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) enables the deployment of some of the gNB components as Virtual Networks Functions (VNFs). Deploying individual VNF instances for these components could guarantee the customization of each RAN slice subnet. However, due to the multiplicity of VNFs, the required amount of virtual resources will be greater compared to the case where a single VNF instance carries the aggregated traffic of all the RAN slice subnets. Sharing gNB components between RAN slice subnets could optimize the trade-off between customization, isolation and resource utilization. In this article, we shed light on the key aspects in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)/NFV standards for sharing gNB components. First, we identify four possible scenarios for sharing gNB components. Then, we analyze the impact of sharing on the customization level of each RAN slice subnet. Later, we determine the main factors that enable isolation between RAN slice subnets. Finally, we propose a 3GPP/NFV-based description model to define the lifecycle management of shared gNB components.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8931318,  author={O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)},   title={Sharing gNB components in RAN slicing: A perspective from 3GPP/NFV standards},   year={2019},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-7},  abstract={To implement the next Generation NodeBs (gNBs) that are present in every Radio Access Network (RAN) slice subnet, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) enables the deployment of some of the gNB components as Virtual Networks Functions (VNFs). Deploying individual VNF instances for these components could guarantee the customization of each RAN slice subnet. However, due to the multiplicity of VNFs, the required amount of virtual resources will be greater compared to the case where a single VNF instance carries the aggregated traffic of all the RAN slice subnets. Sharing gNB components between RAN slice subnets could optimize the trade-off between customization, isolation and resource utilization. In this article, we shed light on the key aspects in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)/NFV standards for sharing gNB components. First, we identify four possible scenarios for sharing gNB components. Then, we analyze the impact of sharing on the customization level of each RAN slice subnet. Later, we determine the main factors that enable isolation between RAN slice subnets. Finally, we propose a 3GPP/NFV-based description model to define the lifecycle management of shared gNB components.},  keywords={3GPP;Computer architecture;Ultra reliable low latency communication;Protocols;Next generation networking;Network function virtualization;3GPP;NFV;RAN slicing;sharing gNB components;description model},  doi={10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931318},  ISSN={2644-3252},  month={October}, project={5gcity|artemis}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68197}
}

"Analytic Analysis of Narrowband IoT Coverage Enhancement Approaches", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2018 Global Internet of Things Summit (GIoTS)", pp. 1-6, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/GIOTS.2018.8534539

The introduction of Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) as a cellular (NB-IoT) technology aims to support massive Machine-Type Communications applications. These applications are characterized by massive connections from a large number of low-complexity and low-power devices. One of the goals of NB-IoT is to improve coverage extension beyond existing cellular technologies. In order to do that, NB-IoT introduces transmission repetitions and different bandwidth allocation configurations in uplink. These new transmission approaches yield many transmission options in uplink. In this paper, we propose analytical expressions that describe the influence of these new approaches in the transmission. Our analysis is based on the Shannon theorem. The transmission is studied in terms of the required Signal to Noise Ratio, bandwidth utilization, and energy per transmitted bit. Additionally, we propose an uplink link adaptation algorithm that contemplates these new transmission approaches. The conducted evaluation summarizes the influence of these approaches. Furthermore, we present the resulting uplink link adaptation from our proposed algorithm sweeping the device's coverage.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8534539,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2018 Global Internet of Things Summit (GIoTS)},   title={Analytic Analysis of Narrowband IoT Coverage Enhancement Approaches},   year={2018},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  abstract={The introduction of Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) as a cellular (NB-IoT) technology aims to support massive Machine-Type Communications applications. These applications are characterized by massive connections from a large number of low-complexity and low-power devices. One of the goals of NB-IoT is to improve coverage extension beyond existing cellular technologies. In order to do that, NB-IoT introduces transmission repetitions and different bandwidth allocation configurations in uplink. These new transmission approaches yield many transmission options in uplink. In this paper, we propose analytical expressions that describe the influence of these new approaches in the transmission. Our analysis is based on the Shannon theorem. The transmission is studied in terms of the required Signal to Noise Ratio, bandwidth utilization, and energy per transmitted bit. Additionally, we propose an uplink link adaptation algorithm that contemplates these new transmission approaches. The conducted evaluation summarizes the influence of these approaches. Furthermore, we present the resulting uplink link adaptation from our proposed algorithm sweeping the device's coverage.},  keywords={Uplink;Signal to noise ratio;Internet of Things;Long Term Evolution;Narrowband;Data communication;Analytical model;coverage enhancement;link adaptation;nB-IoT},  doi={10.1109/GIOTS.2018.8534539},  ISSN={},  month={June}
}

"The Creation Phase in Network Slicing: From a Service Order to an Operative Network Slice", J. Ordonez-Lucena, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. F. Chavarria, D. Lopez, "2018 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)", pp. 1-36, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC.2018.8443255

Network slicing is considered a key mechanism to serve the multitude of tenants (e.g. vertical industries) targeted by forthcoming 5G systems in a flexible and cost-efficient manner. In this paper, we present a SDN/NFV architecture with multi-tenancy support. This architecture enables a network slice provider to deploy network slice instances for multiple tenants on-the-fly, and simultaneously provision them with isolation guarantees. Following the Network Slice as-a-Service delivery model, a tenant may access a Service Catalog, selecting the slice that best fits its needs and ordering its deployment. This work provides a detailed view on the stages that a network slice provider must follow to deploy the ordered network slice instance, accommodating it into a multi-domain infrastructure, and putting it operative for tenant's consumption. These stages address critical issues identified in the literature, including (i) the mapping from high-level service requirements to network functions and infrastructure requirements, (ii) the admission control, and (iii) the specific information a network slice descriptor should have. With the proposed architecture and the recommended set of stages, network slice providers can deploy (and later operate) slice instances with great agility, flexibility, and full automation.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8443255,
  author={J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. F. {Chavarria} and D. {Lopez}},
  booktitle={2018 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)},
  title={The Creation Phase in Network Slicing: From a Service Order to an Operative Network Slice},
  year={2018},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-36},
  abstract={Network slicing is considered a key mechanism to serve the multitude of tenants (e.g. vertical industries) targeted by forthcoming 5G systems in a flexible and cost-efficient manner. In this paper, we present a SDN/NFV architecture with multi-tenancy support. This architecture enables a network slice provider to deploy network slice instances for multiple tenants on-the-fly, and simultaneously provision them with isolation guarantees. Following the Network Slice as-a-Service delivery model, a tenant may access a Service Catalog, selecting the slice that best fits its needs and ordering its deployment. This work provides a detailed view on the stages that a network slice provider must follow to deploy the ordered network slice instance, accommodating it into a multi-domain infrastructure, and putting it operative for tenant's consumption. These stages address critical issues identified in the literature, including (i) the mapping from high-level service requirements to network functions and infrastructure requirements, (ii) the admission control, and (iii) the specific information a network slice descriptor should have. With the proposed architecture and the recommended set of stages, network slice providers can deploy (and later operate) slice instances with great agility, flexibility, and full automation.},
  keywords={5G mobile communication;quality of service;software defined networking;telecommunication congestion control;virtualisation;admission control;multidomain infrastructure;service catalog;network slice as-a-service delivery;SDN-NFV architecture;5G systems;operative network slice;network slice descriptor;ordered network slice instance;network slice provider;Network slicing;Computer architecture;Business;Europe;Wide area networks;Containers;Industries;Network Slicing;SDN;NFV;Service Catalog;Slice Instance Creation},
  doi={10.1109/EuCNC.2018.8443255},
  ISSN={2575-4912},
  month={June}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68204}
}

"WiMuNet's research on 5G and QoE", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Romero-Diaz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, S. Sendra, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "IV Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'18)", 2018

@Inproceedings{jpradosqqcm18,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Romero-Diaz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz-Luengo} and S. {Sendra} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={IV Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'18)}, title={WiMuNet's research on 5G and QoE}, year={2018}, project={5gcity}}

"Analytical modeling for Virtualized Network Functions", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)", pp. 979-985, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962786

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is considered one of the key technologies for the 5G mobile networks. In NFV, network functions are implemented in software components denominated Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) running on commodity hardware. In this paper, we propose an analytical model based on an open queuing network of G/G/m queues to model VNFs with several components, and chains of VNFs. Our model is flexible and generic enough to capture the behavior of such systems. We validate our model by simulation. Specifically, we validate it for an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity with a three-tiered architecture use case. We also compare our model with the estate of the art, in terms of computational complexity and estimation error. The results show that our model has a computational complexity similar to the method for analyzing Jackson's networks. Additionally, our model exhibits an estimation error, measured as the relative error for the estimation of the mean response time, approximately equal to 10%, whereas for the considered baseline systems it ranges roughly from 60% to 90%.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7962786,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)},   title={Analytical modeling for Virtualized Network Functions},   year={2017},  volume={},  number={},  pages={979-985},  abstract={Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is considered one of the key technologies for the 5G mobile networks. In NFV, network functions are implemented in software components denominated Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) running on commodity hardware. In this paper, we propose an analytical model based on an open queuing network of G/G/m queues to model VNFs with several components, and chains of VNFs. Our model is flexible and generic enough to capture the behavior of such systems. We validate our model by simulation. Specifically, we validate it for an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity with a three-tiered architecture use case. We also compare our model with the estate of the art, in terms of computational complexity and estimation error. The results show that our model has a computational complexity similar to the method for analyzing Jackson's networks. Additionally, our model exhibits an estimation error, measured as the relative error for the estimation of the mean response time, approximately equal to 10%, whereas for the considered baseline systems it ranges roughly from 60% to 90%.},  keywords={Computational modeling;Analytical models;Iron;5G mobile communication;Computer architecture;Time factors;Queueing analysis;5G;NFV;VNF;analytical model;queuing model},  doi={10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962786},  ISSN={2474-9133},  month={May}, project={5gcity}
}

"Optimized LTE data transmission procedures for IoT: Device side energy consumption analysis", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)", pp. 540-545, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962714

The efficient deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) over cellular networks, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or the next generation 5G, entails several challenges. For massive IoT, reducing the energy consumption on the device side becomes essential. One of the main characteristics of massive IoT is small data transmissions. To improve the support of them, the 3GPP has included two novel optimizations in LTE: one of them based on the Control Plane (CP), and the other on the User Plane (UP). In this paper, we analyze the average energy consumption per data packet using these two optimizations compared to conventional LTE Service Request procedure. We propose an analytical model to calculate the energy consumption for each procedure based on a Markov chain. In the considered scenario, for large and small Inter-Arrival Times (IATs), the results of the three procedures are similar. While for medium IATs CP reduces the energy consumption per packet up to 87% due to its connection release optimization.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7962714,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)},   title={Optimized LTE data transmission procedures for IoT: Device side energy consumption analysis},   year={2017},  volume={},  number={},  pages={540-545},  abstract={The efficient deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) over cellular networks, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or the next generation 5G, entails several challenges. For massive IoT, reducing the energy consumption on the device side becomes essential. One of the main characteristics of massive IoT is small data transmissions. To improve the support of them, the 3GPP has included two novel optimizations in LTE: one of them based on the Control Plane (CP), and the other on the User Plane (UP). In this paper, we analyze the average energy consumption per data packet using these two optimizations compared to conventional LTE Service Request procedure. We propose an analytical model to calculate the energy consumption for each procedure based on a Markov chain. In the considered scenario, for large and small Inter-Arrival Times (IATs), the results of the three procedures are similar. While for medium IATs CP reduces the energy consumption per packet up to 87% due to its connection release optimization.},  keywords={Long Term Evolution;Energy consumption;Optimization;Data communication;3GPP;Context;Security},  doi={10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962714},  ISSN={2474-9133},  month={May}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68238}
}

"Servicio centralizado de proyeccion de material docente", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Sandra Sendra, Pablo Ameigeiras, Angel de la Torre, Luz Garcia, Angel M. Gomez, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Sonia Mota, Pablo Padilla, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Javier Ramirez, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Antonio Ruiz-Moya, Jose Carlos Segura, "V Jornadas de Innovacion Educativa at XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2017)", 2017

@INPROCEEDINGS{jnavarrojitel17,  author={Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Sendra, Sandra and Ameigeiras, Pablo and de la Torre, Angel and Garcia, Luz and Gomez, Angel M. and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel and Mota, Sonia and Padilla, Pablo and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ramirez, Javier and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Ruiz-Moya, Antonio and Segura, Jose Carlos},  booktitle={V Jornadas de Innovacion Educativa at XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2017)}, title={Servicio centralizado de proyeccion de material docente},   year={2017}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/52-6508.pdf}}

"Handover implementation in a 5G SDN-based mobile network architecture", J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)", pp. 1-6, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794936

Requirements for 5G mobile networks includes a higher flexibility, scalability, cost effectiveness and energy efficiency. Towards these goals, Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization have been adopted in recent proposals for future mobile networks architectures because they are considered critical technologies for 5G. In this paper, we propose an X2-based handover implementation in an SDN-based and partially virtualized LTE architecture. Moreover, the architecture considered operates at link level, which provides lower latency and higher scalability. In our implementation, we use MPLS tunnels for user plane instead of GTP-U protocol, which introduces a significant overhead. To verify the correct operation of our system, we developed a simulator. It implements the messages exchange and processing of the primary network entities. Using this tool we measured the handover preparation and completion times, whose estimated values were roughly 6.94 ms and 8.31 ms, respectively, according to our experimental setup. These latencies meet the expected requirements concerning control plane delay budgets for 5G networks.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7794936,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)},   title={Handover implementation in a 5G SDN-based mobile network architecture},   year={2016},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  abstract={Requirements for 5G mobile networks includes a higher flexibility, scalability, cost effectiveness and energy efficiency. Towards these goals, Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization have been adopted in recent proposals for future mobile networks architectures because they are considered critical technologies for 5G. In this paper, we propose an X2-based handover implementation in an SDN-based and partially virtualized LTE architecture. Moreover, the architecture considered operates at link level, which provides lower latency and higher scalability. In our implementation, we use MPLS tunnels for user plane instead of GTP-U protocol, which introduces a significant overhead. To verify the correct operation of our system, we developed a simulator. It implements the messages exchange and processing of the primary network entities. Using this tool we measured the handover preparation and completion times, whose estimated values were roughly 6.94 ms and 8.31 ms, respectively, according to our experimental setup. These latencies meet the expected requirements concerning control plane delay budgets for 5G networks.},  keywords={Long Term Evolution;Handover;Mobile computing;5G mobile communication;Computer architecture;Handover;5G;SDN;NFV;virtualized LTE/EPC},  doi={10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794936},  ISSN={2166-9589},  month={September}
}

"MME Support for M2M Communications Using Network Function Virtualization", Pilar Andres-Maldonado, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jonathan Prados, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "The Twelfth Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications. AICT 2016. Valencia, Spain", ISBN 2308-4030/978-1-61208-473-2, 2016

@inproceedings{lopezsoler2016,
author = {Andres-Maldonado, Pilar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Prados, Jonathan and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
booktitle = {The Twelfth Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications. AICT 2016. Valencia, Spain},
year = {2016},
month = {May},
isbn = {2308-4030/978-1-61208-473-2},
title = {MME Support for M2M Communications Using Network Function Virtualization},
project =" AGINET",
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305491037_MME_Support_for_M2M_Communications_Using_Network_Function_Virtualization}
}

"Reduced M2M signaling communications in 3GPP LTE and future 5G cellular networks", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2016 Wireless Days (WD)", pp. 1-3, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/WD.2016.7461499

The increase of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications over cellular networks imposes new requirements and challenges that current networks have to handle with. Many M2M UEs (User Equipment) may send small infrequent data, which suppose a challenge for cellular networks not optimized for such traffic, where signaling load could increase significantly and cause congestion over the network. This paper evaluates current proposals to manage small transmissions over the Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular network. We also propose a new Random Access-based Small IP packet Transmission (RASIPT) procedure for M2M UEs small data transmissions. Its main feature is data transfer without establishment of Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection to reduce signaling overhead. In our design, we assume a Software Defined Networking-based architecture for 5G system. When compared with current LTE scheme, our procedure reduces significantly the signaling load generated by M2M UEs small transmissions.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7461499,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2016 Wireless Days (WD)},   title={Reduced M2M signaling communications in 3GPP LTE and future 5G cellular networks},   year={2016},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-3},  abstract={The increase of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications over cellular networks imposes new requirements and challenges that current networks have to handle with. Many M2M UEs (User Equipment) may send small infrequent data, which suppose a challenge for cellular networks not optimized for such traffic, where signaling load could increase significantly and cause congestion over the network. This paper evaluates current proposals to manage small transmissions over the Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular network. We also propose a new Random Access-based Small IP packet Transmission (RASIPT) procedure for M2M UEs small data transmissions. Its main feature is data transfer without establishment of Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection to reduce signaling overhead. In our design, we assume a Software Defined Networking-based architecture for 5G system. When compared with current LTE scheme, our procedure reduces significantly the signaling load generated by M2M UEs small transmissions.},  keywords={5G mobile communication;Data communication;3GPP;Uplink;Wireless communication;Long Term Evolution;Context;machine to machine;small data transmission;SDT;SDN},  doi={10.1109/WD.2016.7461499},  ISSN={},  month={March}
}

"Latency evaluation of a virtualized MME", J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2016 Wireless Days (WD)", pp. 1-3, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/WD.2016.7461500

Network Virtualization is one of the key technologies for developing the future mobile networks. In this paper we propose an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity queue model to evaluate its service time for a given signaling workload. Additionally, we provide a compound data traffic model for the future mobile applications, and we predict theoretically the control workload that it will generate. Finally, we evaluate the virtualized Mobility Management Entity overall mean delay by simulation, providing insights for selecting the number of processing instances for a given number of users.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7461500,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2016 Wireless Days (WD)},   title={Latency evaluation of a virtualized MME},   year={2016},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-3},  abstract={Network Virtualization is one of the key technologies for developing the future mobile networks. In this paper we propose an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity queue model to evaluate its service time for a given signaling workload. Additionally, we provide a compound data traffic model for the future mobile applications, and we predict theoretically the control workload that it will generate. Finally, we evaluate the virtualized Mobility Management Entity overall mean delay by simulation, providing insights for selecting the number of processing instances for a given number of users.},  keywords={Delays;Process control;Computational modeling;Cloud computing;Mathematical model;Iron;Wireless communication;virtualized MME;queue model;NFV;LTE},  doi={10.1109/WD.2016.7461500},  ISSN={},  month={March}
}

"Wireless and Multimedia Networking laboratory", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Romero-Diaz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, S. Sendra, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "II Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'16)", 2016

@Inproceedings{jpradosqqcm16,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Romero-Diaz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz-Luengo} and S. {Sendra} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={II Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'16)}, title={Wireless and Multimedia Networking laboratory},   year={2016}}

"Wireless and Multimedia Networking (WiMuNet) laboratory", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Prados-Garzon, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)", 2015

@Inproceedings{jnavarrojitel15,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)}, title={Wireless and Multimedia Networking (WiMuNet) laboratory},   year={2015}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel15_wimunet.pdf}}

"Diseno de una arquitectura para la red de acceso para 5G basada en SDN", P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, L. Schumacher, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)", 2015

@Inproceedings{pameigeirasjitel15,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and L. {Schumacher} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)}, title={Diseno de una arquitectura para la red de acceso para 5G basada en SDN},   year={2015}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel15_arquitectura5g.pdf}}

"Ethernet-based mobility architecture for 5G", A. F. Cattoni, P. E. Mogensen, S. Vesterinen, M. Laitila, L. Schumacher, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, "2014 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)", pp. 449-454, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet.2014.6969036

A massive traffic increase is foreseen in the near future in mobile networks. Such data storm is expected to pose new challenging requirements to the existing mobile network architecture, since the traffic will be generated by a wide set of applications running on an increasingly high number of mobile devices and sensors. In this paper we propose a paradigm shift for the Evolved Packet Core for the future 5G system. By leveraging on the economy of scale of software-based ICT technologies, namely Software Defined Networking and cloud computing, we propose a hierarchically cloudified mobile network. In particular, in this paper we focus on the mobility aspects within such new architecture, proposing low latency Layer 2 solutions for the Access Network, while exploiting aggregating Layer 3 mobility functionalities in the regional and national clouds.

@INPROCEEDINGS{6969036,  author={A. F. {Cattoni} and P. E. {Mogensen} and S. {Vesterinen} and M. {Laitila} and L. {Schumacher} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz}},  booktitle={2014 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)},   title={Ethernet-based mobility architecture for 5G},   year={2014},  volume={},  number={},  pages={449-454},  abstract={A massive traffic increase is foreseen in the near future in mobile networks. Such data storm is expected to pose new challenging requirements to the existing mobile network architecture, since the traffic will be generated by a wide set of applications running on an increasingly high number of mobile devices and sensors. In this paper we propose a paradigm shift for the Evolved Packet Core for the future 5G system. By leveraging on the economy of scale of software-based ICT technologies, namely Software Defined Networking and cloud computing, we propose a hierarchically cloudified mobile network. In particular, in this paper we focus on the mobility aspects within such new architecture, proposing low latency Layer 2 solutions for the Access Network, while exploiting aggregating Layer 3 mobility functionalities in the regional and national clouds.},  keywords={Computer architecture;Mobile computing;Control systems;Scalability;Cloud computing;Mobile radio mobility management},  doi={10.1109/CloudNet.2014.6969036},  ISSN={},  month={Oct}
}

"Simulation-based performance study of YouTube service in 3G LTE", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2013 IEEE 14th International Symposium on "A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks" (WoWMoM)", pp. 1-3, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/WoWMoM.2013.6583422

@Inproceedings{6583422,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2013 IEEE 14th International Symposium on "A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks" (WoWMoM)},   title={Simulation-based performance study of YouTube service in 3G LTE},   year={2013},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-3},  doi={10.1109/WoWMoM.2013.6583422}}

"YouTube traffic detection and characteristics extraction", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Prados-Garzon, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2013)", 2013

@Inproceedings{jnavarrojitel13,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2013)}, title={YouTube traffic detection and characteristics extraction},   year={2013}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel13_youtubedetection.pdf}}

"Video Tester: A multiple-metric framework for video quality assessment over IP networks", I. Ucar, J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "IEEE international Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting", pp. 1-5, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/BMSB.2012.6264243

@Inproceedings{6264243,  author={I. {Ucar} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={IEEE international Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting},   title={Video Tester: A multiple-metric framework for video quality assessment over IP networks},   year={2012},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-5},  doi={10.1109/BMSB.2012.6264243}}

"QoE Evaluation of Scheduling Algorithms for NRT Services in LTE", Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Ramiro-Moreno, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, "ICT-MobileSummit 2009. Santander, Spain", ISBN 978-1-905824-12-0, 2009

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2009,
	title = {QoE Evaluation of Scheduling Algorithms for NRT Services in LTE},
	booktitle={ICT-MobileSummit 2009. Santander, Spain},
	url = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.453.4750},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Jorge Navarro-Ortiz and Juan Ramiro-Moreno and Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler},
	month = June,
	year = {2009},
	isbn={978-1-905824-12-0},
	project = ""
}

"Diseno e Implantacion de un Laboratorio para la Docencia de Redes Telematicas", Gabriel Macia Fernandez, Jesus E. Diaz Verdejo, Pedro Garcia Teodoro, Juan M. Lopez Soler, Juan Jose Ramos Munoz, Francisco Jesus De Toro Negro, Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, "VI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica. Malaga, Spain", pp. 593-596, 2007

@Inproceedings{lopezSoler2007a,
	title = {Diseno e Implantacion de un Laboratorio para la Docencia de Redes Telematicas},
	booktitle={VI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica. Malaga, Spain},
	isbn = {},
	url = {http://},
	urldate = {},
	author = {Gabriel Macia Fernandez and Jesus E. Diaz Verdejo and  Pedro Garcia Teodoro and  Juan M. Lopez Soler and  Juan Jose Ramos Munoz and  Francisco Jesus De Toro Negro and Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez and  Jorge Navarro-Ortiz},
	month = September,
	year = {2007},
	pages = {593-596},
	project = "",
	url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel07_laboratorio.pdf}
}

"Performance of packet scheduling methods with different degree of fairness in HSDPA", P. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004", pp. 860-864 Vol. 2, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400143

The present paper focuses on assessing the performance of the packet scheduler in HSDPA. The investigation has especially concentrated on assessing different scheduling methods with different degrees of fairness for non-delay-sensitive elastic traffic. The fairness ultimately determines the QoS perceived by the users. The results show that very unfair scheduling methods provide the highest HSDPA cell throughput for best effort NRT traffic, although, under heavy load situations, the unfairness of these policies causes the starvation of users under poor average radio propagation conditions. Under minimum user throughput guarantees, the proportional fair algorithm provides the highest cell capacity of all tested algorithms. With this scheduler, the provision of user throughput guarantees of CA, 128 and 384 kbit/s (for at least 95% of the users) incurs on a cell throughput reduction respectively of around 10, 30 and 80% relative to the maximum cell throughput for best effort traffic (i.e. no user throughput guarantees at all).

@INPROCEEDINGS{1400143,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004},   title={Performance of packet scheduling methods with different degree of fairness in HSDPA},   year={2004},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={860-864 Vol. 2},  abstract={The present paper focuses on assessing the performance of the packet scheduler in HSDPA. The investigation has especially concentrated on assessing different scheduling methods with different degrees of fairness for non-delay-sensitive elastic traffic. The fairness ultimately determines the QoS perceived by the users. The results show that very unfair scheduling methods provide the highest HSDPA cell throughput for best effort NRT traffic, although, under heavy load situations, the unfairness of these policies causes the starvation of users under poor average radio propagation conditions. Under minimum user throughput guarantees, the proportional fair algorithm provides the highest cell capacity of all tested algorithms. With this scheduler, the provision of user throughput guarantees of CA, 128 and 384 kbit/s (for at least 95% of the users) incurs on a cell throughput reduction respectively of around 10, 30 and 80% relative to the maximum cell throughput for best effort traffic (i.e. no user throughput guarantees at all).},  keywords={Scheduling algorithm;Multiaccess communication;Throughput;Telecommunication traffic;Quality of service;Downlink;Algorithm design and analysis;Protocols;Intelligent networks;Delay},  doi={10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400143},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={Sep.}
}

"Performance of the M-LWDF scheduling algorithm for streaming services in HSDPA", P. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004", pp. 999-1003 Vol. 2, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400171

The present paper analyzes the paradigm of providing streaming services over HSDPA. The provision of QoS to streaming users imposes two major challenges on the HSDPA technology, namely, satisfying the guaranteed bit rate and delay jitter constraints. Focusing on the latter QoS requirement, the operation of the packet scheduling functionality completely determines the node B queuing streaming packets prior to their transmission through the radio interface, and therefore the scheduler plays a key role in the satisfaction of the delay jitter constraint.

@INPROCEEDINGS{1400171,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004},   title={Performance of the M-LWDF scheduling algorithm for streaming services in HSDPA},   year={2004},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={999-1003 Vol. 2},  abstract={The present paper analyzes the paradigm of providing streaming services over HSDPA. The provision of QoS to streaming users imposes two major challenges on the HSDPA technology, namely, satisfying the guaranteed bit rate and delay jitter constraints. Focusing on the latter QoS requirement, the operation of the packet scheduling functionality completely determines the node B queuing streaming packets prior to their transmission through the radio interface, and therefore the scheduler plays a key role in the satisfaction of the delay jitter constraint.},  keywords={Scheduling algorithm;Multiaccess communication;Delay;Jitter;Processor scheduling;Streaming media;Throughput;Performance analysis;Traffic control;Algorithm design and analysis},  doi={10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400171},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={Sep.}
}

"Downlink Rate Allocation for WCDMA Cellular Systems with Conversational and Best-Effort Traffic", L. Jorguseski, E. Fledderus, Pablo Ameigeiras, Ramjee Prasad, "4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)", 2004

@INPROCEEDINGS{PAMEI2004,  author={L. Jorguseski and E. Fledderus and Pablo Ameigeiras and Ramjee Prasad},  booktitle={4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)},   title={Downlink Rate Allocation for WCDMA Cellular Systems with Conversational and Best-Effort Traffic},   year={2004},  volume={3},  number={},
}

"Interaction of transmit diversity and proportional fair scheduling", L. T. Berger, T. E. Kolding, J. Ramiro-Moreno, P. Ameigeiras, L. Schumacher, P. E. Mogensen, "The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring.", pp. 2423-2427 vol.4, 2003. DOI: 10.1109/VETECS.2003.1208825

In evolving 3G systems, the proportional fair packet scheduling algorithm promises an attractive trade-off between average cell capacity and user fairness by exploiting multi-user selection diversity in time-shared channels. However, in these systems the option of antenna transmit diversity already exist, whose performance benefit is dependent on the considered scheduling strategy. This study focuses on the interaction between proportional fair packet scheduling and open or closed-loop transmit diversity techniques. The basic interaction is studied by using an analytical model. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to study the effect of scheduling delays. In the low mobility Rayleigh fading case, the potential average cell capacity gain with proportional fair scheduling, compared to a simple round robin in time approach, is on the order of 60% for single-antenna transmission. It reduces, however, to around 35% when dual antenna transmit diversity is additionally deployed. Comparing the performance of the different transmit diversity schemes to single-antenna transmission, conditioned on proportional fair scheduling, it is found that the closed-loop schemes provide a benefit over a wide range of terminal speeds, whereas open-loop space-time block coding exhibits limited performance and in some cases even a loss.

@INPROCEEDINGS{1208825,  author={L. T. {Berger} and T. E. {Kolding} and J. {Ramiro-Moreno} and P. {Ameigeiras} and L. {Schumacher} and P. E. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring.},   title={Interaction of transmit diversity and proportional fair scheduling},   year={2003},  volume={4},  number={},  pages={2423-2427 vol.4},  abstract={In evolving 3G systems, the proportional fair packet scheduling algorithm promises an attractive trade-off between average cell capacity and user fairness by exploiting multi-user selection diversity in time-shared channels. However, in these systems the option of antenna transmit diversity already exist, whose performance benefit is dependent on the considered scheduling strategy. This study focuses on the interaction between proportional fair packet scheduling and open or closed-loop transmit diversity techniques. The basic interaction is studied by using an analytical model. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to study the effect of scheduling delays. In the low mobility Rayleigh fading case, the potential average cell capacity gain with proportional fair scheduling, compared to a simple round robin in time approach, is on the order of 60% for single-antenna transmission. It reduces, however, to around 35% when dual antenna transmit diversity is additionally deployed. Comparing the performance of the different transmit diversity schemes to single-antenna transmission, conditioned on proportional fair scheduling, it is found that the closed-loop schemes provide a benefit over a wide range of terminal speeds, whereas open-loop space-time block coding exhibits limited performance and in some cases even a loss.},  keywords={Scheduling algorithm;Transmitting antennas;Performance loss;Analytical models;Delay effects;Rayleigh channels;Round robin;Diversity methods;Block codes;Propagation losses},  doi={10.1109/VETECS.2003.1208825},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={April}
}

"Impact of TCP flow control on the radio resource management of WCDMA networks", P. J. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367)", pp. 977-981 vol.2, 2002. DOI: 10.1109/VTC.2002.1002634

The present paper highlights the performance of the transport control protocol over WCDMA networks. The TCP flow control adjusts the transmission rate to the network and receiver's capacity. Due to this protocol self-adaptation to the transmission conditions of the links involved in the TCP connection, the protocol performance can not be disconnected from the underlying network. In WCDMA networks, the RRM assigns the radio resources to the UE in the cell, which directly impacts the TCP throughput performance. The results show that the allocation of high bit rate dedicated channels to small file downloads (such as Web pages) produce poor channelization code efficiency compared to allocating low bit rate channels. Under certain conditions, for large file downloads (such as ftp) the code efficiency and throughput performance improve significantly due to the protocol nature to fully utilize the bottleneck capacity. This protocol performance suggests a radio resource allocation strategy for DCH channels, which increases the bit rate stepwise as the file transmission evolves starting from a low bit rate.

@INPROCEEDINGS{1002634,  author={P. J. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367)},   title={Impact of TCP flow control on the radio resource management of WCDMA networks},   year={2002},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={977-981 vol.2},  abstract={The present paper highlights the performance of the transport control protocol over WCDMA networks. The TCP flow control adjusts the transmission rate to the network and receiver's capacity. Due to this protocol self-adaptation to the transmission conditions of the links involved in the TCP connection, the protocol performance can not be disconnected from the underlying network. In WCDMA networks, the RRM assigns the radio resources to the UE in the cell, which directly impacts the TCP throughput performance. The results show that the allocation of high bit rate dedicated channels to small file downloads (such as Web pages) produce poor channelization code efficiency compared to allocating low bit rate channels. Under certain conditions, for large file downloads (such as ftp) the code efficiency and throughput performance improve significantly due to the protocol nature to fully utilize the bottleneck capacity. This protocol performance suggests a radio resource allocation strategy for DCH channels, which increases the bit rate stepwise as the file transmission evolves starting from a low bit rate.},  keywords={Radio control;Resource management;Multiaccess communication;Protocols;Throughput;Bit rate;Telecommunication traffic;3G mobile communication;Radio link;Automatic repeat request},  doi={10.1109/VTC.2002.1002634},  ISSN={},  month={May}
}

"Downlink radio resource management for IP packet services in UMTS", I. Lopez, P. J. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "IEEE VTS 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, Spring 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37202)", pp. 2387-2391 vol.4, 2001. DOI: 10.1109/VETECS.2001.944028

Energy transmitted per correct received bit is used as cost function for evaluating the radio resource consumption of each user within a UMTS network, according to the requested quality of service (QoS) class. Diverse packet scheduler algorithms are analysed, determining their impact on packet delay, throughput and packet call delay. Results show that the proposed algorithm, modified round robin, is a trade-off between C/I-based scheduling and round robin scheduling, and provides a quite fair sharing of resources with higher network throughput than plain round robin.

@INPROCEEDINGS{944028,  author={I. {Lopez} and P. J. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={IEEE VTS 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, Spring 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37202)},   title={Downlink radio resource management for IP packet services in UMTS},   year={2001},  volume={4},  number={},  pages={2387-2391 vol.4},  abstract={Energy transmitted per correct received bit is used as cost function for evaluating the radio resource consumption of each user within a UMTS network, according to the requested quality of service (QoS) class. Diverse packet scheduler algorithms are analysed, determining their impact on packet delay, throughput and packet call delay. Results show that the proposed algorithm, modified round robin, is a trade-off between C/I-based scheduling and round robin scheduling, and provides a quite fair sharing of resources with higher network throughput than plain round robin.},  keywords={Downlink;Resource management;3G mobile communication;Round robin;Scheduling algorithm;Quality of service;Delay;Throughput;Cost function;Algorithm design and analysis},  doi={10.1109/VETECS.2001.944028},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={May},}

"Generic Traffic Models For Packet Data Services in 3G Wireless Networks", Pablo Ameigeiras, Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda, Jeroen Wigard, Preben Mogensen, "4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)", 2001

@INPROCEEDINGS{PAMEI2001b,  author={Pablo Ameigeiras and Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda and Jeroen Wigard and Preben Mogensen},  booktitle={4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)},   title={Generic Traffic Models For Packet Data Services in 3G Wireless Networks},   year={2001},  volume={3},  number={}
}

"Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation", Jeroen Wigard, Nina Madsen, Pablo Ameigeiras, Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda, Preben Mogensen, "4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)", 2001

@INPROCEEDINGS{PAMEI2001a,  author={Jeroen Wigard and Nina Madsen and Pablo Ameigeiras and Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda and Preben Mogensen},  booktitle={4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)},   title={Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation},   year={2001},  volume={2},  number={},
}

"COMS Architecture", L. Geng, L. Qiang, J. Ordonez-Lucena, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, D. Lopez, L. Contreras, IETF, pp. 1-12, 2018

@techreport{ordonez2018ietf,
   AUTHOR = "L. Geng and L. Qiang and J. Ordonez-Lucena and O. Adamuz-Hinojosa and P. Ameigeiras and D. Lopez and L. Contreras",
   TITLE = "COMS Architecture",
   HOWPUBLISHED = {Internet-Draft},
   TYPE="standard",
   PAGES = {1-12},
   YEAR = {2018},
   MONTH = {March},
   INSTITUTION = "{IETF}",
   URL={https://tools.ietf.org/pdf/draft-geng-coms-architecture-02.pdf},
}

"Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) Release 3; Evolution and Ecosystem; Report on Network Slicing Support with ETSI NFV Architecture Framework", Jose A. Ordonez, Juan J. Ramos, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler et al., ETSI, pp. 1-35, 2017

@techreport{ordonez2017etsii,
   AUTHOR = "Jose A. Ordonez and Juan J. Ramos and Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan M. Lopez-Soler et al.",
   TITLE = "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) Release 3; Evolution and Ecosystem; Report on Network Slicing Support with ETSI NFV Architecture Framework",
   HOWPUBLISHED = {ETSI Group Report},
   TYPE="standard",
   PAGES = {1-35},
   YEAR = {2017},
   MONTH = {December},
   INSTITUTION = "{ETSI}",
   NUMBER = "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) ETSI GR NFV-EVE 012 V3.1.1",
   URL={https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gr/NFV-EVE/001_099/012/03.01.01_60/gr_nfv-eve012v030101p.pdf},
   note="standard"
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.4. Final System Architecture and Its Evaluation", A. Tzanakaki, M. Anastasopoulos, J. A. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps-Mur, A. Manolopoulos, V. M. Alevizaki, P. Georgiadis, C. Colman-Meixner, S. Yang, H. Alshaer, A. Garcia, K. Chackravaram, J. Prados-Garzon, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, D. Gonzalez-Sanchez, I. Dominguez-Martinez, R. Bian, T. Cogalan, J. McNamara, N. C. Manjappa, R. Vasist, M. Goodarzi, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Ghoraishi, A. Jain, 5G-CLARITY, 2022

@techreport{5GCLARITYD24,
  author      = "A. Tzanakaki and M. Anastasopoulos and J. A. Ordonez-Lucena and D. Camps-Mur and A. Manolopoulos and V. M. Alevizaki and P. Georgiadis and C. Colman-Meixner and S. Yang and
  H. Alshaer and A. Garcia and K. Chackravaram and J. Prados-Garzon and L. Chinchilla-Romero and P. Ameigeiras and P. Munoz-Luengo
  and D. Gonzalez-Sanchez and I. Dominguez-Martinez and R. Bian and T. Cogalan and J. McNamara and N. C. Manjappa and R. Vasist and M. Goodarzi and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and M. Ghoraishi and A. Jain",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.4. Final System Architecture and Its Evaluation",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2022",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "October",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/5G-CLARITY-D24-Amended.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.2. Validation of 5G-CLARITY SDN/NFV Platform, Interface Design with 5G Service Platform, and Initial Evaluation of ML Algorithms", J. Ordonez-Lucena, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Munoz-Luengo, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, D. Camps-Mur, F. Canellas, J. Perez-Romero, O. Sallent, I. Vila, A. Purwita, A. Yesilkaya, A. Garcia, K. Chackravaram, E. Aumayr, J. Mcnamara, C. Colman-Meixner, X. Zhou, A. Emami, S. Yan, S. Raju, R. Bian, T. Cogalan, I. Hemadeh, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2021

@techreport{5GCLARITYD42,
  author      = "J. Ordonez-Lucena and O. Adamuz-Hinojosa and P. Ameigeiras and L. Chinchilla-Romero and P. Munoz-Luengo and J. Navarro-Ortiz and J. Prados-Garzon and J. J. Ramos-Munoz and D. Camps-Mur and F. Canellas and J. Perez-Romero and O. Sallent and I. Vila and A. Purwita and A. Yesilkaya and A. Garcia and K. Chackravaram and E. Aumayr and J. Mcnamara and C. Colman-Meixner and X. Zhou and A. Emami and S. Yan and S. Raju and R. Bian and T. Cogalan and I. Hemadeh and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.2. Validation of 5G-CLARITY SDN/NFV Platform, Interface Design with 5G Service Platform, and Initial Evaluation of ML Algorithms",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "July",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/5G-CLARITY_D42.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.3. Primary System Architecture Evaluation", A. Tzanakaki, J. A. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps-Mur, A. Manolopoulos, P. Georgiades, V. M. Alevizaki, S. Maglaris, M. Anastasopoulos, A. Tzanakaki, A. Garcia, K. Chackravaram, J. Prados-Garzon, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, H. Alshaer, A. Yesilkaya, R. Bian, T. Cogalan, R. Vasist, M. Goodarzi, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2021

@techreport{5GCLARITYD23,
  author      = "A. Tzanakaki and J. A. Ordonez-Lucena and D. Camps-Mur and A. Manolopoulos and P. Georgiades and V. M. Alevizaki and S. Maglaris and M. Anastasopoulos and A. Tzanakaki and A. Garcia and K. Chackravaram and J. Prados-Garzon and L. Chinchilla-Romero and P. Ameigeiras and P. Munoz-Luengo and H. Alshaer and A. Yesilkaya and R. Bian and T. Cogalan and R. Vasist and M. Goodarzi and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.3. Primary System Architecture Evaluation",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "July",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5G-CLARITY_D23.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.1. Initial design of the SDN/NFV platform and identification of target 5G-CLARITY ML algorithms", D. Camps-Mur, H. Khalili, E. Aumayr, S. Meer, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, L. Chinchilla, P. Munoz, A. Mourad, I. Hemadeh, T. Cogalan, M. Goodarzi, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, N. Odhah, R. Bian, S. Videv, A. Garcia, C. Colman-Meixner, S. Yan, X. Zou, J. Perez-Romero, O. Sallent, I. Vila, R. Ferrus, J. Ordonez-Lucena, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2020

@techreport{5GCLARITYD41,
  author      = "D. {Camps-Mur} and H. Khalili and E. Aumayr and S. Meer and P. Ameigeiras and J. {Prados-Garzon} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and L. Chinchilla and P. Munoz and A. Mourad and I. Hemadeh and T. Cogalan and M. Goodarzi and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and N. Odhah and R. Bian and S. Videv and A. Garcia and C. {Colman-Meixner} and S. Yan and X. Zou and J. {Perez-Romero} and O. Sallent and I. Vila and R. Ferrus and J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.1. Initial design of the {SDN}/{NFV} platform and identification of target {5G-CLARITY} {ML} algorithms",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2020",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "October",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/5G-CLARITY_D41.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.2. Primary system architecture", J. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps-Mur, H. Khalili, A. Garcia, A. Mourad, I. Hemadeh, J. P. Kainulainen, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, T. Cogalan, R. Bian, E. Aumayr, S. Meer, C. Colman, S. Yan, H. Frank, A. Emami, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2020

@techreport{5GCLARITYD22,
  author      = "J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and D. {Camps-Mur} and H. Khalili and A. Garcia and A. Mourad and I. Hemadeh and J. P. Kainulainen and P. Ameigeiras and J. {Prados-Garzon} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and T. Cogalan and R. Bian and E. Aumayr and S. Meer and C. Colman and S. Yan and H. Frank and A. Emami and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.2. Primary system architecture",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2020",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "Oct",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/5G-CLARITY_D22.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.1. Use case specifications and requirements", M. Granda-Trigo, J. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps, A. Garcia, G. Rigazzi, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, E. Aumayr, T. Cogalan, S. Yan, M. Ghoraishi, J. Gutierrez, 5G-CLARITY, 2020

@techreport{5GCLARITYD21,
  author      = "M. Granda-Trigo and J. Ordonez-Lucena and D. Camps and A. Garcia and G. Rigazzi and P. Ameigeiras and J. {Prados-Garzon} and E. Aumayr and T. Cogalan and S. Yan and M. Ghoraishi and J. Gutierrez",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.1. Use case specifications and requirements",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2020",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "March",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/5G-CLARITY_D2.1.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"End-to-End Service Performance Analysis: Data Services Performance Optimization in 2G/3G", Rafael Sanchez, Gerardo Gomez, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Gabriel Ramos, "End-to-End Quality of Service over Cellular Networks", ISBN 9780470015872, pp. 139-185, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/047001587X.ch5

Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Service Performance Characterization Data Link Effects Transport and Application Layer Effects Impact of Network Dimensioning in the Service Performance References

@inbook{047001587Xch5,
author = {Sanchez, Rafael and Gomez, Gerardo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos, Gabriel},
publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Ltd},
isbn = {9780470015872},
title = {End-to-End Service Performance Analysis: Data Services Performance Optimization in 2G/3G},
booktitle = {End-to-End Quality of Service over Cellular Networks},
chapter = {5},
pages = {139-185},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/047001587X.ch5},
year = {2005},
keywords = {voice wireless service providers, Circuit Switched (CS) traffic, end-user performance, Packet Scheduling functionality, congestion avoidance algorithm, UDP protocol, Robust Header Compression (ROHC), Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), signalling channels dimensioning},
abstract = {Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Service Performance Characterization Data Link Effects Transport and Application Layer Effects Impact of Network Dimensioning in the Service Performance References}
}

"Metodos de configuracion de redes sensibles al retardo basadas en planificadores con conformacion de trafico asincrono, y con calidad de servicio determinista", Universidad de Granada, Julia Caleya-Sanchez, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Pablo Ameigeiras, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Munoz-Luengo, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, 2023

@patent{Caleya2023,
	title = {Metodos de configuracion de redes sensibles al retardo basadas en planificadores con conformacion de trafico asincrono, y con calidad de servicio determinista},
	commenturl = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2003049354},
	language = {es},
	assignee = {Universidad de Granada},
	commenturldate = {2023-xx-xx},
	author = {Caleya-Sanchez, Julia and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Munoz-Luengo, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
	commentmonth = Jun,
	year = {2023},
  project = {6gchronos|true5g|5gclarity}
}

"Procedure and system for integration of LPWAN networks and 4G/5G suitable for use in industrial internet applications of things", Universidad de Granada, Application No. P201830137, Publication No. ES2722927 A1, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Sandra Sendra, Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, 2018

@patent{navarro2019,
	title = {Procedure and system for integration of LPWAN networks and 4G/5G suitable for use in industrial internet applications of things},
	url = {http://consultas2.oepm.es/InvenesWeb/detalle?referencia=P201830137},
	language = {es},
	assignee = {Universidad de Granada, Application No. P201830137, Publication No. ES2722927 A1},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Sendra, Sandra and Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
	month = Aug,
	year = {2018}
}

"A Method and a System for Scheduling the Downlink in Long Term Evolution (lte) Networks Based on Quality of Service (qos)", TELEFONICA, S.A., International Application No. PCT/EP2013/053324, Publication No. WO/2013/127665, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Raquel Garcia-Perez, Quiliano Perez-Tarrero, Javier Lorca-Hernando, 2013

A Method and a System for scheduling the downlink in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks based on Quality of Service (QoS) The method comprises: performing a packet scheduling for a plurality of user terminals (UEs) based on information regarding QoS classes, said information regarding QoS classes is included in QoS class identifiers received from an Evolved Packet Core providing communication services to said user terminals, said method further comprising receiving channel quality indicators from said plurality of user terminals and performing said scheduling also on the basis of said received channel quality indicators. The system of the invention is arranged to implement the method of the invention.

@patent{ameigeirasgutierrezmethod2013,
	title = {A {Method} and a {System} for {Scheduling} the {Downlink} in {Long} {Term} {Evolution} (lte) {Networks} {Based} on {Quality} of {Service} (qos)},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2013127665},
	abstract = {A Method and a System for scheduling the downlink in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks based on Quality of Service (QoS) The method comprises: performing a packet scheduling for a plurality of user terminals (UEs) based on information regarding QoS classes, said information regarding QoS classes is included in QoS class identifiers received from an Evolved Packet Core providing communication services to said user terminals, said method further comprising receiving channel quality indicators from said plurality of user terminals and performing said scheduling also on the basis of said received channel quality indicators. The system of the invention is arranged to implement the method of the invention.},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {TELEFONICA, S.A., International Application No. PCT/EP2013/053324, Publication No. WO/2013/127665},
	urldate = {2021-03-23},
	author = {Ameigeiras, Pablo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel and Garcia-Perez, Raquel and Perez-Tarrero, Quiliano and Lorca-Hernando, Javier},
	month = September,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {A Method and a System for Scheduling the Downlink in Long Term Evolution (lte) Networks Based on Quality of Service (qos)}
}

"Adaptive Delayed ACK Switching for TCP Applications", Nokia Technologies Oy, US Patent 7,225,266 B2, US20040122969A1, Pablo Ameigeiras, Eero Sillasto, Jeroen Wigard, 2006

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2006,
	title = {Adaptive Delayed ACK Switching for TCP Applications},
	url = {https://patents.google.com/patent/US20040122969},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Technologies Oy, US Patent 7,225,266 B2, US20040122969A1},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Eero Sillasto and Jeroen Wigard},
	month = Jun,
	year = {2006}
}

"Method, System and Transmitting Side Protocol Entity for Sending Packet Data Units for Unacknowledged Mode Services", Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/FI2004/000700, Publication No. WO/2005/055636, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jeroen Wigard, 2005

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2005,
	title = {Method, System and Transmitting Side Protocol Entity for Sending Packet Data Units for Unacknowledged Mode Services},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2005055636},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/FI2004/000700, Publication No. WO/2005/055636},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Jeroen Wigard},
	month = Jun,
	year = {2005}
}

"Scheduling Retransmission in Radio Access Networks", Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/IB2003/005716, Publication No. WO/2004/057810, Jeroen Wigard, Troels Kolding, Preben Mogensen, Pablo Ameigeiras, Woonhee Hwang, Hannu Hakkinen, 2004

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2004,
	title = {Scheduling Retransmission in Radio Access Networks},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2004057810},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/IB2003/005716, Publication No. WO/2004/057810},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Jeroen Wigard and Troels Kolding and Preben Mogensen and Pablo Ameigeiras and Woonhee Hwang and Hannu Hakkinen},
	month = Jul,
	year = {2004}
}

"Method and System for Dispatching Multiple TCP Packets from Communication Systems", Nokia Corporation, International Application No, PCT/FI2001/001054, Publication No. WO/2003/049354, Pablo Ameigeiras, Eero Sillasto, Jeroen Wigard, 2003

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2003,
	title = {Method and System for Dispatching Multiple TCP Packets from Communication Systems},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2003049354},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Corporation, International Application No, PCT/FI2001/001054, Publication No. WO/2003/049354},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Eero Sillasto and Jeroen Wigard},
	month = Jun,
	year = {2003}
}