"Computationally Efficient UE Blocking Probability Model for GBR Services in Beyond 5G RAN", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Muñoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Access, pp. 1-1, 2024. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3377112

@ARTICLE{10471531,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Muñoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
  journal={IEEE Access}, 
  title={Computationally Efficient UE Blocking Probability Model for GBR Services in Beyond 5G RAN}, 
  year={2024},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-1},
  keywords={Signal to noise ratio;Computational modeling;Interference;Data models;Probability;Planning;Mathematical models;Beyond 5G;Blocking probability;GBR service;Markov Chain;Proportional Fair;Round Robin},
  doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3377112},
  impact = {(IF=3.9, Q2)},
  project = {6gchronos|6ginspire}}

"A Stochastic Network Calculus (SNC)-Based Model for Planning B5G uRLLC RAN Slices", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Xavier Costa-Perez, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 22 (2), pp. 1250-1265, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2022.3203937

@ARTICLE{9887634,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Sciancalepore, Vincenzo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M. and Costa-Perez, Xavier},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications}, 
  title={A Stochastic Network Calculus (SNC)-Based Model for Planning B5G uRLLC RAN Slices}, 
  year={2023},
  volume={22},
  number={2},
  pages={1250-1265},
  doi={10.1109/TWC.2022.3203937},
  impact = {IF=10.4 (Q1)},
  project = {true5g|5gclarity}}

"Potential-Game-Based 5G RAN Slice Planning for GBR Services", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Access, pp. 1-1, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3236103

@ARTICLE{10015017,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Munoz, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
  journal={IEEE Access},
  title={Potential-Game-Based 5G RAN Slice Planning for GBR Services},
  year={2023},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-1},
  doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3236103},
  impact = {(IF=3.9, Q2)},
  project = {6gchronos|true5g|5gclarity}}

"UE Blocking Probability Model for Planning 5G Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) RAN Slices", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3266526

@ARTICLE{2023Adamuz,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Munoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology}, 
  title={UE Blocking Probability Model for Planning 5G Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) RAN Slices}, 
  year={2023},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2023.3266526},
  impact = {IF=6.8 (Q1)},
  project = {true5g|5gclarity|6gchronos}}

"NLP Powered Intent Based Network Management for Private 5G Networks", Joseph Mcnamara, Daniel Camps-Mur, Meysam Goodarzi, Hilary Frank, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Ferran Canellas, Adriana Fernandez-Fernandez, Shuangyi Yan, IEEE Access, 11, pp. 36642-36657, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3265894

@ARTICLE{10097683,
  author={Mcnamara, Joseph and Camps-Mur, Daniel and Goodarzi, Meysam and Frank, Hilary and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Canellas, Ferran and Fernandez-Fernandez, Adriana and Yan, Shuangyi},
  journal={IEEE Access}, 
  title={NLP Powered Intent Based Network Management for Private 5G Networks}, 
  year={2023},
  volume={11},
  number={},
  pages={36642-36657},
  doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3265894},
  impact = {(IF=3.9, Q2)},
  project = {5gclarity}}

"A LoRaWAN Architecture for Communications in Areas without Coverage: Design and Pilot Trials", Felix Delgado-Ferro, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Natalia Chinchilla-Romero, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Electronics, 11 (5), 2022. DOI: 10.3390/electronics11050804

This article proposes a system based on a long-distance communications system with low economic and energy costs that allows connectivity to be carried out independently from the existing cellular coverage in the area. In addition, it describes the design, development, implementation and analysis of an Internet of Things (IoT) architecture based on Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN). Moreover, the system has been deployed as a prototype, and the behavior and scope of the system have been analyzed in various real environments: urban, rural and natural. The results obtained from the analysis show that the system is suitable for working in areas without coverage such as mountains.

@Article{electronics11050804,
AUTHOR = {Delgado-Ferro, Felix and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Chinchilla-Romero, Natalia and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose},
TITLE = {A LoRaWAN Architecture for Communications in Areas without Coverage: Design and Pilot Trials},
JOURNAL = {Electronics},
VOLUME = {11},
YEAR = {2022},
NUMBER = {5},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {804},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/5/804},
ISSN = {2079-9292},
ABSTRACT = {This article proposes a system based on a long-distance communications system with low economic and energy costs that allows connectivity to be carried out independently from the existing cellular coverage in the area. In addition, it describes the design, development, implementation and analysis of an Internet of Things (IoT) architecture based on Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN). Moreover, the system has been deployed as a prototype, and the behavior and scope of the system have been analyzed in various real environments: urban, rural and natural. The results obtained from the analysis show that the system is suitable for working in areas without coverage such as mountains.},
DOI = {10.3390/electronics11050804},
impact = {(IF=2.9, Q2)},
project = {6gchronos|true5g|artemis|premonition}
}

"A LoRaWAN Network Architecture with MQTT2MULTICAST", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Natalia Chinchilla-Romero, Felix Delgado-Ferro, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Electronics, 11 (6), 2022. DOI: 10.3390/electronics11060872

In this work, an architecture for IoT networks oriented towards environmental sustainability is presented. Due to the suitability of its characteristics in terms of coverage, power and support of a large number of devices, an enhanced LoRaWAN network has been chosen as the basis for this proposal. The architecture is completed with the virtualization of the different LoRaWAN network entities and the usage of a software-defined network for their interconnection. The publication and subscription to environmental data is carried out by using the MQTT protocol. MQTT has been optimized thanks to the use of the SDN network and the use of edge computing resources, which allows multicasting of published data. Thanks to our developed MQTT2MULTICAST protocol, latency is improved by approx. 90% and the traffic load within the SDN network is reduced by 55%. An scalability analysis shows that this solution is able to support tens of thousands of LoRaWAN gateways. The proposed architecture has been implemented using commercial equipment as a proof of concept.

@Article{electronics11060872,
AUTHOR = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Chinchilla-Romero, Natalia and Delgado-Ferro, Felix and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose},
TITLE = {A LoRaWAN Network Architecture with MQTT2MULTICAST},
JOURNAL = {Electronics},
VOLUME = {11},
YEAR = {2022},
NUMBER = {6},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {872},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/6/872},
ISSN = {2079-9292},
ABSTRACT = {In this work, an architecture for IoT networks oriented towards environmental sustainability is presented. Due to the suitability of its characteristics in terms of coverage, power and support of a large number of devices, an enhanced LoRaWAN network has been chosen as the basis for this proposal. The architecture is completed with the virtualization of the different LoRaWAN network entities and the usage of a software-defined network for their interconnection. The publication and subscription to environmental data is carried out by using the MQTT protocol. MQTT has been optimized thanks to the use of the SDN network and the use of edge computing resources, which allows multicasting of published data. Thanks to our developed MQTT2MULTICAST protocol, latency is improved by approx. 90% and the traffic load within the SDN network is reduced by 55%. An scalability analysis shows that this solution is able to support tens of thousands of LoRaWAN gateways. The proposed architecture has been implemented using commercial equipment as a proof of concept.},
DOI = {10.3390/electronics11060872},
impact = {(IF=2.9, Q2)},
project = {6gchronos|true5g|artemis|premonition}
}

"5G Infrastructure Network Slicing: E2E Mean Delay Model and Effectiveness Assessment to Reduce Downtimes in Industry 4.0", Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Sensors, 22 (1), 2022. DOI: 10.3390/s22010229

Fifth Generation (5G) is expected to meet stringent performance network requisites of the Industry 4.0. Moreover, its built-in network slicing capabilities allow for the support of the traffic heterogeneity in Industry 4.0 over the same physical network infrastructure. However, 5G network slicing capabilities might not be enough in terms of degree of isolation for many private 5G networks use cases, such as multi-tenancy in Industry 4.0. In this vein, infrastructure network slicing, which refers to the use of dedicated and well isolated resources for each network slice at every network domain, fits the necessities of those use cases. In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation among production lines (PLs) in an industrial private 5G network. To that end, we develop a queuing theory-based model to estimate the end-to-end (E2E) mean packet delay of the infrastructure slices. Then, we use this model to compare the E2E mean delay for two configurations, i.e., dedicated infrastructure slices with segregated resources for each PL against the use of a single shared infrastructure slice to serve the performance-sensitive traffic from PLs. Also we evaluate the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) against bare Ethernet to provide layer 2 connectivity among the 5G system components. We use a complete and realistic setup based on experimental and simulation data of the scenario considered. Our results support the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation in performance among the different slices. Then, using dedicated slices with segregated resources for each PL might reduce the number of the production downtimes and associated costs as the malfunctioning of a PL will not affect the network performance perceived by the performance-sensitive traffic from other PLs. Last, our results show that, besides the improvement in performance, TSN technology truly provides full isolation in the transport network compared to standard Ethernet thanks to traffic prioritization, traffic regulation, and bandwidth reservation capabilities.

@Article{s22010229,
AUTHOR = {Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Munoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
TITLE = {5G Infrastructure Network Slicing: E2E Mean Delay Model and Effectiveness Assessment to Reduce Downtimes in Industry 4.0},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {22},
YEAR = {2022},
NUMBER = {1},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {229},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/229},
PubMedID = {35009771},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Fifth Generation (5G) is expected to meet stringent performance network requisites of the Industry 4.0. Moreover, its built-in network slicing capabilities allow for the support of the traffic heterogeneity in Industry 4.0 over the same physical network infrastructure. However, 5G network slicing capabilities might not be enough in terms of degree of isolation for many private 5G networks use cases, such as multi-tenancy in Industry 4.0. In this vein, infrastructure network slicing, which refers to the use of dedicated and well isolated resources for each network slice at every network domain, fits the necessities of those use cases. In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation among production lines (PLs) in an industrial private 5G network. To that end, we develop a queuing theory-based model to estimate the end-to-end (E2E) mean packet delay of the infrastructure slices. Then, we use this model to compare the E2E mean delay for two configurations, i.e., dedicated infrastructure slices with segregated resources for each PL against the use of a single shared infrastructure slice to serve the performance-sensitive traffic from PLs. Also we evaluate the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) against bare Ethernet to provide layer 2 connectivity among the 5G system components. We use a complete and realistic setup based on experimental and simulation data of the scenario considered. Our results support the effectiveness of infrastructure slicing to provide isolation in performance among the different slices. Then, using dedicated slices with segregated resources for each PL might reduce the number of the production downtimes and associated costs as the malfunctioning of a PL will not affect the network performance perceived by the performance-sensitive traffic from other PLs. Last, our results show that, besides the improvement in performance, TSN technology truly provides full isolation in the transport network compared to standard Ethernet thanks to traffic prioritization, traffic regulation, and bandwidth reservation capabilities.},
DOI = {10.3390/s22010229},
project={5gclarity|true5g},
impact = {(IF=3.9, Q2)},
}

"5G-CLARITY: 5G-Advanced Private Networks Integrating 5GNR, WiFi, and LiFi", Tezcan Cogalan, Daniel Camps-Mur, Jesus Gutierrez, Stefan Videv, Vladica Sark, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Hamzeh Khalili, Ferran Canellas, Adriana Fernandez-Fernandez, Meysam Goodarzi, Anil Yesilkaya, Rui Bian, Srinivasan Raju, Mir Ghoraishi, Harald Haas, Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Antonio Garcia, Carlos Colman-Meixner, Alain Mourad, Erik Aumayr, IEEE Communications Magazine, 60 (2), pp. 73-79, 2022. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.001.2100615

@ARTICLE{9722800,
   author={Cogalan, Tezcan and Camps-Mur, Daniel and Gutierrez, Jesus and Videv, Stefan and Sark, Vladica and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Khalili, Hamzeh and Canellas, Ferran and Fernandez-Fernandez, Adriana and Goodarzi, Meysam and Yesilkaya, Anil and Bian, Rui and Raju, Srinivasan and Ghoraishi, Mir and Haas, Harald and Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Garcia, Antonio and Colman-Meixner, Carlos and Mourad, Alain and Aumayr, Erik}, 
   journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
   title={5G-CLARITY: 5G-Advanced Private Networks Integrating 5GNR, WiFi, and LiFi},
   year={2022},
   volume={60},
   number={2},
   pages={73-79},
   doi={10.1109/MCOM.001.2100615},
   project={5gclarity},
   impact = {(IF = 11.2, Q1)}
}

"On the Rollout of Network Slicing in Carrier Networks: A Technology Radar", Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Ameigeiras, Luis M. Contreras, Jesus Folgueira, Diego R. Lopez, Sensors, 21 (23), 2021. DOI: 10.3390/s21238094

Network slicing is a powerful paradigm for network operators to support use cases with widely diverse requirements atop a common infrastructure. As 5G standards are completed, and commercial solutions mature, operators need to start thinking about how to integrate network slicing capabilities in their assets, so that customer-facing solutions can be made available in their portfolio. This integration is, however, not an easy task, due to the heterogeneity of assets that typically exist in carrier networks. In this regard, 5G commercial networks may consist of a number of domains, each with a different technological pace, and built out of products from multiple vendors, including legacy network devices and functions. These multi-technology, multi-vendor and brownfield features constitute a challenge for the operator, which is required to deploy and operate slices across all these domains in order to satisfy the end-to-end nature of the services hosted by these slices. In this context, the only realistic option for operators is to introduce slicing capabilities progressively, following a phased approach in their roll-out. The purpose of this paper is to precisely help designing this kind of plan, by means of a technology radar. The radar identifies a set of solutions enabling network slicing on the individual domains, and classifies these solutions into four rings, each corresponding to a different timeline: (i) as-is ring, covering today’s slicing solutions; (ii) deploy ring, corresponding to solutions available in the short term; (iii) test ring, considering medium-term solutions; and (iv) explore ring, with solutions expected in the long run. This classification is done based on the technical availability of the solutions, together with the foreseen market demands. The value of this radar lies in its ability to provide a complete view of the slicing landscape with one single snapshot, by linking solutions to information that operators may use for decision making in their individual go-to-market strategies.

@Article{s21238094,
AUTHOR = {Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Contreras, Luis M. and Folgueira, Jesus and Lopez, Diego R.},
TITLE = {On the Rollout of Network Slicing in Carrier Networks: A Technology Radar},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {21},
YEAR = {2021},
month = {12},
NUMBER = {23},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {8094},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/23/8094},
PubMedID = {34884098},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Network slicing is a powerful paradigm for network operators to support use cases with widely diverse requirements atop a common infrastructure. As 5G standards are completed, and commercial solutions mature, operators need to start thinking about how to integrate network slicing capabilities in their assets, so that customer-facing solutions can be made available in their portfolio. This integration is, however, not an easy task, due to the heterogeneity of assets that typically exist in carrier networks. In this regard, 5G commercial networks may consist of a number of domains, each with a different technological pace, and built out of products from multiple vendors, including legacy network devices and functions. These multi-technology, multi-vendor and brownfield features constitute a challenge for the operator, which is required to deploy and operate slices across all these domains in order to satisfy the end-to-end nature of the services hosted by these slices. In this context, the only realistic option for operators is to introduce slicing capabilities progressively, following a phased approach in their roll-out. The purpose of this paper is to precisely help designing this kind of plan, by means of a technology radar. The radar identifies a set of solutions enabling network slicing on the individual domains, and classifies these solutions into four rings, each corresponding to a different timeline: (i) as-is ring, covering today’s slicing solutions; (ii) deploy ring, corresponding to solutions available in the short term; (iii) test ring, considering medium-term solutions; and (iv) explore ring, with solutions expected in the long run. This classification is done based on the technical availability of the solutions, together with the foreseen market demands. The value of this radar lies in its ability to provide a complete view of the slicing landscape with one single snapshot, by linking solutions to information that operators may use for decision making in their individual go-to-market strategies.},
DOI = {10.3390/s21238094},
project={5gclarity|true5g},
impact = {(IF=3.847, Q2)},
}

"5G Non-Public Networks: Standardization, Architectures and Challenges", Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Munoz, Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Daniel Camps-Mur, IEEE Access, 9, pp. 153893-153908, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3127482

@ARTICLE{9611236,
   author={Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Munoz, Pablo and Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Camps-Mur, Daniel},
   journal={IEEE Access},
   title="5G Non-Public Networks: Standardization, Architectures and Challenges",
   year={2021},
   month={11},
   volume={9},
   number={},
   pages={153893-153908},
   doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3127482},
   project={5gclarity|true5g},
   impact = {(IF = 3.476, Q2)}
}

"Deep Reinforcement Learning based Collision Avoidance in UAV Environment", Sihem Ouahouah, Miloud Bagaa, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Tarik Taleb, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, pp. 1-1, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3118949

@ARTICLE{9564258,
   author={Ouahouah, Sihem and Bagaa, Miloud and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Taleb, Tarik},
   journal={IEEE Internet of Things Journal},
   title={Deep Reinforcement Learning based Collision Avoidance in UAV Environment},
   year={2021},
   month=10,
   volume={},
   number={},
   pages={1-1},
   doi={10.1109/JIOT.2021.3118949},
   project={5gclarity|true5g},
   impact = {(IF = 9.471, Q1)}}

"Asynchronous Time-Sensitive Networking for 5G Backhauling", J. Prados-Garzon, T. Taleb, IEEE Network, 35 (2), pp. 144-151, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/MNET.011.2000402

Fifth Generation (5G) phase 2 rollouts are around the corner to make mobile ultra-reliable and low-latency services a reality. However, to realize that scenario, besides the new 5G built-in Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) capabilities, it is required to provide a substrate network with deterministic Quality-of-Service support for interconnecting the different 5G network functions and services. Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) appears as an appealing network technology to meet the 5G connectivity needs in many scenarios involving critical services and their coexistence with Mobile Broadband traffic. In this article, we delve into the adoption of asynchronous TSN for 5G backhauling and some of the relevant related aspects. We start motivating TSN and introducing its mainstays. Then, we provide a comprehensive overview of the architecture and operation of the Asynchronous Traffic Shaper (ATS), the building block of asynchronous TSN. Next, a management framework based on ETSI Zero-touch network and Service Management (ZSM) and Abstraction and Control of Traffic Engineered Networks (ACTN) reference models is presented for enabling the TSN transport network slicing and its interworking with Fifth Generation (5G) for backhauling. Then we cover the flow allocation problem in asynchronous TSNs and the importance of Machine Learning techniques for assisting it. Last, we present a simulation-based proof-of-concept (PoC) to assess the capacity of ATS-based forwarding planes for accommodating 5G data flows.

@ARTICLE{9373015,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and T. {Taleb}},  journal={IEEE Network},   title={Asynchronous Time-Sensitive Networking for 5G Backhauling}, year={2021},  volume={35},  number={2},  pages={144-151},  abstract={Fifth Generation (5G) phase 2 rollouts are around the corner to make mobile ultra-reliable and low-latency services a reality. However, to realize that scenario, besides the new 5G built-in Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) capabilities, it is required to provide a substrate network with deterministic Quality-of-Service support for interconnecting the different 5G network functions and services. Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) appears as an appealing network technology to meet the 5G connectivity needs in many scenarios involving critical services and their coexistence with Mobile Broadband traffic. In this article, we delve into the adoption of asynchronous TSN for 5G backhauling and some of the relevant related aspects. We start motivating TSN and introducing its mainstays. Then, we provide a comprehensive overview of the architecture and operation of the Asynchronous Traffic Shaper (ATS), the building block of asynchronous TSN. Next, a management framework based on ETSI Zero-touch network and Service Management (ZSM) and Abstraction and Control of Traffic Engineered Networks (ACTN) reference models is presented for enabling the TSN transport network slicing and its interworking with Fifth Generation (5G) for backhauling. Then we cover the flow allocation problem in asynchronous TSNs and the importance of Machine Learning techniques for assisting it. Last, we present a simulation-based proof-of-concept (PoC) to assess the capacity of ATS-based forwarding planes for accommodating 5G data flows.},  keywords={5G mobile communication;Logic gates;Resource management;Regulation;Substrates;Bridges;Ultra reliable low latency communication;Machine learning;Network slicing;Broadband communication},  doi={10.1109/MNET.011.2000402},  ISSN={1558-156X},  month={March},
project={5gclarity|true5g},impact = {(IF = 10.234, Q1)}
}

"5Growth: An End-to-End Service Platform for Automated Deployment and Management of Vertical Services over 5G Networks", Xi Li, Andres Garcia-Saavedra, Xavier Costa-Perez, Carlos J. Bernardos, Carlos Guimares, Kiril Antevski, Josep Mangues-Bafalluy, Jorge Baranda, Engin Zeydan, Daniel Corujo, Paola Iovanna, Giada Landi, Jesus Alonso, Paulo Paixo, Hugo Martins, Manuel Lorenzo, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Diego R. Lopez, IEEE Communications Magazine, 59 (3), pp. 84-90, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.001.2000730

This article introduces the key innovations of the 5Growth service platform to empower vertical industries with an AI-driven automated 5G end-to-end slicing solution that allows industries to achieve their service requirements. Specifically, we present multiple vertical pilots (Industry 4.0, transportation, and energy), identify the key 5G requirements to enable them, and analyze existing technical and functional gaps as compared to current solutions. Based on the identified gaps, we propose a set of innovations to address them with: (i) support of 3GPP-based RAN slices by introducing a RAN slicing model and providing automated RAN orchestration and control; (ii) an AI-driven closed-loop for automated service management with service level agreement assurance; and (iii) multi-domain solutions to expand service offerings by aggregating services and resources from different provider domains and also enable the integration of private 5G networks with public networks.

@ARTICLE{9422344,
  author={Li, Xi and Garcia-Saavedra, Andres and Costa-Perez, Xavier and Bernardos, Carlos J. and Guimares, Carlos and Antevski, Kiril and Mangues-Bafalluy, Josep and Baranda, Jorge and Zeydan, Engin and Corujo, Daniel and Iovanna, Paola and Landi, Giada and Alonso, Jesus and Paixo, Paulo and Martins, Hugo and Lorenzo, Manuel and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Lopez, Diego R.},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={5Growth: An End-to-End Service Platform for Automated Deployment and Management of Vertical Services over 5G Networks},
  abstract={This article introduces the key innovations of the 5Growth service platform to empower vertical industries with an AI-driven automated 5G end-to-end slicing solution that allows industries to achieve their service requirements. Specifically, we present multiple vertical pilots (Industry 4.0, transportation, and energy), identify the key 5G requirements to enable them, and analyze existing technical and functional gaps as compared to current solutions. Based on the identified gaps, we propose a set of innovations to address them with: (i) support of 3GPP-based RAN slices by introducing a RAN slicing model and providing automated RAN orchestration and control; (ii) an AI-driven closed-loop for automated service management with service level agreement assurance; and (iii) multi-domain solutions to expand service offerings by aggregating services and resources from different provider domains and also enable the integration of private 5G networks with public networks.},
  year={2021},
  volume={59},
  number={3},
  pages={84-90},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.001.2000730},
  impact = {(IF=9.030, Q1)}}

"Multi-Domain Solutions for the Deployment of Private 5G Networks", Xi Li, Carlos Guimares, Giada Landi, Juan Brenes, Josep Mangues-Bafalluy, Jorge Baranda, Daniel Corujo, Vitor Cunha, Joao Fonseca, Joao Alegria, Aitor Zabala Orive, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Paola Iovanna, Carlos J. Bernardos, Alain Mourad, Xavier Costa-Perez, IEEE Access, 9, pp. 106865-106884, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3100120

Private 5G networks have become a popular choice of various vertical industries to build dedicated and secure wireless networks in industry environments to deploy their services with enhanced service flexibility and device connectivity to foster industry digitalization. This article proposes multiple multi-domain solutions to deploy private 5G networks for vertical industries across their local premises and interconnecting them with the public networks. Such scenarios open up a new market segment for various stakeholders, and break the current operators' business and service provisioning models. This, in turn, demands new interactions among the different stakeholders across their administrative domains. To this aim, three distinct levels of multi-domain solutions for deploying vertical's 5G private networks are proposed in this work, which can support interactions at different layers among various stakeholders, allowing for distinct levels of service exposure and control. Building on a set of industry verticals (comprising Industry 4.0, Transportation and Energy), different deployment models are analyzed and the proposed multi-domain solutions are applied. These solutions are implemented and validated through two proof-of-concept prototypes integrating a 5G private network platform (5Growth platform) with public ones. These solutions are being implemented in three vertical pilots conducted with real industry verticals. The obtained results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed multi-domain solutions applied at the three layers of the system enabling various levels of interactions among the different stakeholders. The achieved end-to-end service instantiation time across multiple domains is in the range of minutes, where the delay impact caused by the resultant multi-domain interactions is considerably low. The proposed multi-domain approaches offer generic solutions and standard interfaces to support the different private network deployment models.

@ARTICLE{9496666,
  author={Li, Xi and Guimares, Carlos and Landi, Giada and Brenes, Juan and Mangues-Bafalluy, Josep and Baranda, Jorge and Corujo, Daniel and Cunha, Vitor and Fonseca, Joao and Alegria, Joao and Orive, Aitor Zabala and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Iovanna, Paola and Bernardos, Carlos J. and Mourad, Alain and Costa-Perez, Xavier},
  journal={IEEE Access},
  title={Multi-Domain Solutions for the Deployment of Private 5G Networks},
  abstract={Private 5G networks have become a popular choice of various vertical industries to build dedicated and secure wireless networks in industry environments to deploy their services with enhanced service flexibility and device connectivity to foster industry digitalization. This article proposes multiple multi-domain solutions to deploy private 5G networks for vertical industries across their local premises and interconnecting them with the public networks. Such scenarios open up a new market segment for various stakeholders, and break the current operators' business and service provisioning models. This, in turn, demands new interactions among the different stakeholders across their administrative domains. To this aim, three distinct levels of multi-domain solutions for deploying vertical's 5G private networks are proposed in this work, which can support interactions at different layers among various stakeholders, allowing for distinct levels of service exposure and control. Building on a set of industry verticals (comprising Industry 4.0, Transportation and Energy), different deployment models are analyzed and the proposed multi-domain solutions are applied. These solutions are implemented and validated through two proof-of-concept prototypes integrating a 5G private network platform (5Growth platform) with public ones. These solutions are being implemented in three vertical pilots conducted with real industry verticals. The obtained results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed multi-domain solutions applied at the three layers of the system enabling various levels of interactions among the different stakeholders. The achieved end-to-end service instantiation time across multiple domains is in the range of minutes, where the delay impact caused by the resultant multi-domain interactions is considerably low. The proposed multi-domain approaches offer generic solutions and standard interfaces to support the different private network deployment models.},
  year={2021},
  volume={9},
  number={},
  pages={106865-106884},
  doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3100120},
  impact = {(IF=3.476, Q2)}}

"Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation for LoRaWAN", Natalia Chinchilla-Romero, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Sensors, 21 (4), 2021. DOI: 10.3390/s21041218

The number of connected IoT devices is significantly increasing and it is expected to reach more than two dozens of billions of IoT connections in the coming years. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) have become very relevant for this new paradigm due to features such as large coverage and low power consumption. One of the most appealing technologies among these networks is LoRaWAN. Although it may be considered as one of the most mature LPWAN platforms, there are still open gaps such as its capacity limitations. For this reason, this work proposes a collision avoidance resource allocation algorithm named the Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation (CARA) algorithm with the objective of significantly increase system capacity. CARA leverages the multichannel structure and the orthogonality of spreading factors in LoRaWAN networks to avoid collisions among devices. Simulation results show that, assuming ideal radio link conditions, our proposal outperforms in 95.2% the capacity of a standard LoRaWAN network and increases the capacity by almost 40% assuming a realistic propagation model. In addition, it has been verified that CARA devices can coexist with LoRaWAN traditional devices, thus allowing the simultaneous transmissions of both types of devices. Moreover, a proof-of-concept has been implemented using commercial equipment in order to check the feasibility and the correct operation of our solution.

@ARTICLE{s21041218,
AUTHOR = {Chinchilla-Romero, Natalia and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Munoz, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo},
TITLE = {Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation for {LoRaWAN}},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {21},
YEAR = {2021},
month=2,
NUMBER = {4},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {1218},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {The number of connected IoT devices is significantly increasing and it is expected to reach more than two dozens of billions of IoT connections in the coming years. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) have become very relevant for this new paradigm due to features such as large coverage and low power consumption. One of the most appealing technologies among these networks is {LoRaWAN}. Although it may be considered as one of the most mature LPWAN platforms, there are still open gaps such as its capacity limitations. For this reason, this work proposes a collision avoidance resource allocation algorithm named the Collision Avoidance Resource Allocation (CARA) algorithm with the objective of significantly increase system capacity. CARA leverages the multichannel structure and the orthogonality of spreading factors in {LoRaWAN} networks to avoid collisions among devices. Simulation results show that, assuming ideal radio link conditions, our proposal outperforms in 95.2% the capacity of a standard {LoRaWAN} network and increases the capacity by almost 40% assuming a realistic propagation model. In addition, it has been verified that CARA devices can coexist with {LoRaWAN} traditional devices, thus allowing the simultaneous transmissions of both types of devices. Moreover, a proof-of-concept has been implemented using commercial equipment in order to check the feasibility and the correct operation of our solution.},
DOI = {10.3390/s21041218},
impact = {(IF=3.576, Q2)},
pdf = {https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/67701},
project = {artemis|5gcity|5gclarity}
}

"Optimization of Flow Allocation in Asynchronous Deterministic 5G Transport Networks by Leveraging Data Analytics", Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Tarik Taleb, Miloud Bagaa, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, pp. 1-1, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2021.3099979

@ARTICLE{9496182,
  author={Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Taleb, Tarik and Bagaa, Miloud},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing},
  title={Optimization of Flow Allocation in Asynchronous Deterministic 5G Transport Networks by Leveraging Data Analytics},
  year={2021},
  month=7,
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-1},
  doi={10.1109/TMC.2021.3099979},
  project={5gclarity|true5g},impact = {(IF = 5.577, Q1)}
  }

"Dynamic Resource Provisioning of a Scalable E2E Network Slicing Orchestration System", I. Afolabi, J. Prados-Garzon, M. Bagaa, T. Taleb, P. Ameigeiras, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 19 (11), pp. 2594-2608, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2019.2930059

@ARTICLE{afolabi19, author={I. {Afolabi} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and M. {Bagaa} and T. {Taleb} and P. {Ameigeiras}},  journal={IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing}, title={Dynamic Resource Provisioning of a Scalable E2E Network Slicing Orchestration System}, year={2020}, volume={19}, number={11}, pages={2594-2608}, doi={10.1109/TMC.2019.2930059}, ISSN={1558-0660}, month={Nov}, impact={(IF=5.112, Q1)}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/59687}
}

"Transform-Based Multiresolution Decomposition for Degradation Detection in Cellular Networks", Sergio Fortes, Pablo Munoz, Inmaculada Serrano, Raquel Barco, Sensors, 20 (19), 2020. DOI: 10.3390/s20195645

Anomaly detection in the performance of the huge number of elements that are part of cellular networks (base stations, core entities, and user equipment) is one of the most time consuming and key activities for supporting failure management procedures and ensuring the required performance of the telecommunication services. This activity originally relied on direct human inspection of cellular metrics (counters, key performance indicators, etc.). Currently, degradation detection procedures have experienced an evolution towards the use of automatic mechanisms of statistical analysis and machine learning. However, pre-existent solutions typically rely on the manual definition of the values to be considered abnormal or on large sets of labeled data, highly reducing their performance in the presence of long-term trends in the metrics or previously unknown patterns of degradation. In this field, the present work proposes a novel application of transform-based analysis, using wavelet transform, for the detection and study of network degradations. The proposed system is tested using cell-level metrics obtained from a real-world LTE cellular network, showing its capabilities to detect and characterize anomalies of different patterns and in the presence of varied temporal trends. This is performed without the need for manually establishing normality thresholds and taking advantage of wavelet transform capabilities to separate the metrics in multiple time-frequency components. Our results show how direct statistical analysis of these components allows for a successful detection of anomalies beyond the capabilities of detection of previous methods.

@Article{s20195645,
AUTHOR = {Fortes, Sergio and Munoz, Pablo and Serrano, Inmaculada and Barco, Raquel},
TITLE = {Transform-Based Multiresolution Decomposition for Degradation Detection in Cellular Networks},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {20},
YEAR = {2020},
month=10,
NUMBER = {19},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {5645},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5645},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Anomaly detection in the performance of the huge number of elements that are part of cellular networks (base stations, core entities, and user equipment) is one of the most time consuming and key activities for supporting failure management procedures and ensuring the required performance of the telecommunication services. This activity originally relied on direct human inspection of cellular metrics (counters, key performance indicators, etc.). Currently, degradation detection procedures have experienced an evolution towards the use of automatic mechanisms of statistical analysis and machine learning. However, pre-existent solutions typically rely on the manual definition of the values to be considered abnormal or on large sets of labeled data, highly reducing their performance in the presence of long-term trends in the metrics or previously unknown patterns of degradation. In this field, the present work proposes a novel application of transform-based analysis, using wavelet transform, for the detection and study of network degradations. The proposed system is tested using cell-level metrics obtained from a real-world LTE cellular network, showing its capabilities to detect and characterize anomalies of different patterns and in the presence of varied temporal trends. This is performed without the need for manually establishing normality thresholds and taking advantage of wavelet transform capabilities to separate the metrics in multiple time-frequency components. Our results show how direct statistical analysis of these components allows for a successful detection of anomalies beyond the capabilities of detection of previous methods.},
DOI = {10.3390/s20195645},
impact = {(IF=3.275, Q1)},
project = {}
}

"A Complete LTE Mathematical Framework for the Network Slice Planning of the EPC", J. Prados-Garzon, A. Laghrissi, M. Bagaa, T. Taleb, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 19 (1), pp. 1-14, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2018.2890235

5G is the next telecommunications standards that will enable the sharing of physical infrastructures to provision ultra shortlatency applications, mobile broadband services, Internet of Things, etc. Network slicing is the virtualization technique that is expected to achieve that, as it can allow logical networks to run on top of a common physical infrastructure and ensure service level agreement requirements for different services and applications. In this vein, our paper proposes a novel and complete solution for planning network slices of the LTE EPC, tailored for the enhanced Mobile BroadBand use case. The solution defines a framework which consists of: i) an abstraction of the LTE workload generation process, ii) a compound traffic model, iii) performance models of the whole LTE network, and iv) an algorithm to jointly perform the resource dimensioning and network embedding. Our results show that the aggregated signaling generation is a Poisson process and the data traffic exhibits self-similarity and long-range-dependence features. The proposed performance models for the LTE network rely on these results. We formulate the joint optimization problem of resources dimensioning and embedding of a virtualized EPC and propose a heuristic to solve it. By using simulation tools, we validate the proper operation of our solution.

@ARTICLE{8603789,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and A. {Laghrissi} and M. {Bagaa} and T. {Taleb} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing},   title={A Complete LTE Mathematical Framework for the Network Slice Planning of the EPC},   year={2020},  volume={19},  number={1},  pages={1-14},  abstract={5G is the next telecommunications standards that will enable the sharing of physical infrastructures to provision ultra shortlatency applications, mobile broadband services, Internet of Things, etc. Network slicing is the virtualization technique that is expected to achieve that, as it can allow logical networks to run on top of a common physical infrastructure and ensure service level agreement requirements for different services and applications. In this vein, our paper proposes a novel and complete solution for planning network slices of the LTE EPC, tailored for the enhanced Mobile BroadBand use case. The solution defines a framework which consists of: i) an abstraction of the LTE workload generation process, ii) a compound traffic model, iii) performance models of the whole LTE network, and iv) an algorithm to jointly perform the resource dimensioning and network embedding. Our results show that the aggregated signaling generation is a Poisson process and the data traffic exhibits self-similarity and long-range-dependence features. The proposed performance models for the LTE network rely on these results. We formulate the joint optimization problem of resources dimensioning and embedding of a virtualized EPC and propose a heuristic to solve it. By using simulation tools, we validate the proper operation of our solution.},  keywords={Long Term Evolution;Planning;Quality of service;Analytical models;Logic gates;Optimization;5G mobile communication;LTE;EPC;network slicing;NFV;softwarized networks;mobile networks;traffic characterization;resources dimensioning;network embedding},  doi={10.1109/TMC.2018.2890235},  ISSN={1558-0660},  month={Jan}, impact={(IF=5.112, Q1)}, project={5gcity}}

"A Survey on 5G Usage Scenarios and Traffic Models", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Romero-Diaz, S. Sendra, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials, 22 (2), pp. 905-929, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/COMST.2020.2971781

@Article{8985528,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Romero-Diaz} and S. {Sendra} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Surveys Tutorials}, title={A Survey on 5G Usage Scenarios and Traffic Models}, year={2020}, month=2, volume={22}, number={2}, pages={905-929}, doi={10.1109/COMST.2020.2971781}, project="artemis|5gclarity|5gcity", impact = {(IF=23.7, Q1)}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/59687}}

"Backhaul-Aware Dimensioning and Planning of Millimeter-Wave Small Cell Networks", Pablo Munoz, Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Electronics, 9 (9), 2020. DOI: 10.3390/electronics9091429

The massive deployment of Small Cells (SCs) is increasingly being adopted by mobile operators to face the exponentially growing traffic demand. Using the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band in the access and backhaul networks will be key to provide the capacity that meets such demand. However, dimensioning and planning have become complex tasks, because the capacity requirements for mmWave links can significantly vary with the SC location. In this work, we address the problem of SC planning considering the backhaul constraints, assuming that a line-of-sight (LOS) between the nodes is required to reliably support the traffic demand. Such a LOS condition reduces the set of potential site locations. Simulation results show that, under certain conditions, the proposed algorithm is effective in finding solutions and strongly efficient in computational cost when compared to exhaustive search approaches.

@article{electronics9091429,
AUTHOR = {Munoz, Pablo and Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.},
TITLE = {Backhaul-Aware Dimensioning and Planning of Millimeter-Wave Small Cell Networks},
JOURNAL = {Electronics},
VOLUME = {9},
YEAR = {2020},
month=9,
NUMBER = {9},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {1429},
ISSN = {2079-9292},
ABSTRACT = {The massive deployment of Small Cells (SCs) is increasingly being adopted by mobile operators to face the exponentially growing traffic demand. Using the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band in the access and backhaul networks will be key to provide the capacity that meets such demand. However, dimensioning and planning have become complex tasks, because the capacity requirements for mmWave links can significantly vary with the SC location. In this work, we address the problem of SC planning considering the backhaul constraints, assuming that a line-of-sight (LOS) between the nodes is required to reliably support the traffic demand. Such a LOS condition reduces the set of potential site locations. Simulation results show that, under certain conditions, the proposed algorithm is effective in finding solutions and strongly efficient in computational cost when compared to exhaustive search approaches.},
DOI = {10.3390/electronics9091429},
impact = {(IF=2.397, Q3)},
project = {5gclarity|true5g}
}

"Radio Access Network Slicing Strategies at Spectrum Planning Level in 5G and Beyond", P. Munoz, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, J. Navarro-Ortiz, O. Sallent, J. Perez-Romero, IEEE Access, 8, pp. 79604-79618, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2990802

@Article{9079548,  author={P. {Munoz} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and O. {Sallent} and J. {Perez-Romero}},  journal={{IEEE} Access},   title={Radio Access Network Slicing Strategies at Spectrum Planning Level in 5G and Beyond}, year={2020}, month=4,  volume={8},  number={},  pages={79604-79618},  doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2990802}, project="5gclarity|artemis", impact = {(IF=3.745, Q1)}}

"Harmonizing 3GPP and NFV Description Models: Providing Customized RAN Slices in 5G Networks", O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Munoz, J. Ordonez-Lucena, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 14 (4), pp. 64-75, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/MVT.2019.2936168

The standardization of radio access networks (RANs) in mobile networks has traditionally been led by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). However, the emergence of RAN slicing has introduced new aspects that fall outside the 3GPP scope. Among them, network virtualization enables the particularization of multiple behaviors over a common physical infrastructure. Using virtualized network functions (VNFs) that comprise customized radio functionalities, each virtualized RAN (i.e., RAN slice) could meet its specific requirements. Although the 3GPP specifies the description model to manage RAN slices, it can neither particularize the behavior of a RAN slice nor leverage the network function virtualization (NFV) descriptors to define how its VNFs can accommodate its spatial and temporal traffic demands. In this article, we propose a description model that harmonizes 3GPP and the European Telecommunication Standard Institute (ETSI)-NFV Group viewpoints to manage RAN slices. The proposed model enables the translation of RAN slice requirements into customized, virtualized radio functionalities defined through NFV descriptors. To clarify this proposal, we provide an example describing three RAN slices with disruptive requirements following our solution.

@ARTICLE{8854309,  author={O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Munoz} and J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine},   title={Harmonizing 3GPP and NFV Description Models: Providing Customized RAN Slices in 5G Networks},   year={2019},  volume={14},  number={4},  pages={64-75},  abstract={The standardization of radio access networks (RANs) in mobile networks has traditionally been led by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). However, the emergence of RAN slicing has introduced new aspects that fall outside the 3GPP scope. Among them, network virtualization enables the particularization of multiple behaviors over a common physical infrastructure. Using virtualized network functions (VNFs) that comprise customized radio functionalities, each virtualized RAN (i.e., RAN slice) could meet its specific requirements. Although the 3GPP specifies the description model to manage RAN slices, it can neither particularize the behavior of a RAN slice nor leverage the network function virtualization (NFV) descriptors to define how its VNFs can accommodate its spatial and temporal traffic demands. In this article, we propose a description model that harmonizes 3GPP and the European Telecommunication Standard Institute (ETSI)-NFV Group viewpoints to manage RAN slices. The proposed model enables the translation of RAN slice requirements into customized, virtualized radio functionalities defined through NFV descriptors. To clarify this proposal, we provide an example describing three RAN slices with disruptive requirements following our solution.},  keywords={3GPP;Biological system modeling;5G mobile communication;Virtualization;Vehicular and wireless technologies;Radio access networks},  doi={10.1109/MVT.2019.2936168},  ISSN={1556-6080},  month={Dec},impact={(IF=7.921, Q1)}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68200}}

"Performance Modeling of Softwarized Network Services Based on Queuing Theory With Experimental Validation", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 20 (4), pp. 1558-1573, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2019.2962488

@Article{8943161,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Transactions on Mobile Computing},   title={Performance Modeling of Softwarized Network Services Based on Queuing Theory With Experimental Validation},   year={2019}, month={12},  volume={20},  number={4},  pages={1558-1573},  doi={10.1109/TMC.2019.2962488}, project="5gclarity|5gcity", impact={(IF=5.112, Q1)}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/59700}}

"Testbeds for Future Wireless Networks", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Cristina Cervello-Pastor, Giovanni Stea, Xavier Costa-Perez, Joan Triay, Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2019, pp. 1-2, 2019. DOI: 10.1155/2019/2382471

@Article{Navarro-Ortiz2019b,
author={Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Cervello-Pastor, Cristina and Stea, Giovanni and Costa-Perez, Xavier and Triay, Joan},
title={Testbeds for Future Wireless Networks},
journal={Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing},
year={2019},
month={June},
day={16},
publisher={Hindawi},
volume={2019},
month=6,
pages={1-2},
issn={1530-8669},
doi={10.1155/2019/2382471},
pdf={https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/wcmc/2019/2382471.pdf},
impact={(IF=1.819, Q3)},
project={5gcity}
}

"Analytical Modeling and Experimental Validation of NB-IoT Device Energy Consumption", P. Andres-Maldonado, M. Lauridsen, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 6 (3), pp. 5691-5701, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2019.2904802

The recent standardization of 3GPP Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) paves the way to support low-power wide-area (LPWA) use cases in cellular networks. NB-IoT design goals are extended coverage, low power and low cost devices, and massive connections. As a new radio access technology, it is necessary to analyze the possibilities NB-IoT provides to support different traffic and coverage needs. In this paper, we propose and validate an NB-IoT energy consumption model. The analytical model is based on a Markov chain. For the validation, an experimental setup is used to measure the energy consumption of two commercial NB-IoT user equipments (UEs) connected to a base station emulator. The evaluation is done considering three test cases. The comparison of the model and measurements is done in terms of the estimated battery lifetime and the latency needed to finish the control plane procedure. The conducted evaluation shows the analytical model performs well, obtaining a maximum relative error of the battery lifetime estimation between the model and the measurements of 21% for an assumed interarrival time (IAT) of 6 min.

@ARTICLE{8666720,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and M. {Lauridsen} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={IEEE Internet of Things Journal},   title={Analytical Modeling and Experimental Validation of NB-IoT Device Energy Consumption},   year={2019},  volume={6},  number={3},  pages={5691-5701},  abstract={The recent standardization of 3GPP Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) paves the way to support low-power wide-area (LPWA) use cases in cellular networks. NB-IoT design goals are extended coverage, low power and low cost devices, and massive connections. As a new radio access technology, it is necessary to analyze the possibilities NB-IoT provides to support different traffic and coverage needs. In this paper, we propose and validate an NB-IoT energy consumption model. The analytical model is based on a Markov chain. For the validation, an experimental setup is used to measure the energy consumption of two commercial NB-IoT user equipments (UEs) connected to a base station emulator. The evaluation is done considering three test cases. The comparison of the model and measurements is done in terms of the estimated battery lifetime and the latency needed to finish the control plane procedure. The conducted evaluation shows the analytical model performs well, obtaining a maximum relative error of the battery lifetime estimation between the model and the measurements of 21% for an assumed interarrival time (IAT) of 6 min.},  keywords={Internet of Things;Energy consumption;Analytical models;Batteries;Narrowband;Downlink;Battery charge measurement;Analytical model;control plane (CP);energy consumption;latency;narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT)},  doi={10.1109/JIOT.2019.2904802},  ISSN={2327-4662},  month={June},impact={(IF=9.936, Q1)}, project={5gcity}}

"A LoRaWAN Testbed Design for Supporting Critical Situations: Prototype and Evaluation", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Cristina Cervello-Pastor, Marisa Catalan, Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2019, pp. 1-13, 2019. DOI: 10.1155/2019/1684906

The Internet of Things is one of the hottest topics in communications today, with current revenues of \&\#x24;151B, around 7 billion connected devices, and an unprecedented growth expected for next years. A massive number of sensors and actuators are expected to emerge, requiring new wireless technologies that can extend their battery life and can cover large areas. LoRaWAN is one of the most outstanding technologies which fulfill these demands, attracting the attention of both academia and industry. In this paper, the design of a LoRaWAN testbed to support critical situations, such as emergency scenarios or natural disasters, is proposed. This self-healing LoRaWAN network architecture will provide resilience when part of the equipment in the core network may become faulty. This resilience is achieved by virtualizing and properly orchestrating the different network entities. Different options have been designed and implemented as real prototypes. Based on our performance evaluation, we claim that the usage of microservice orchestration with several replicas of the LoRaWAN network entities and a load balancer produces an almost seamless recovery which makes it a proper solution to recover after a system crash caused by any catastrophic event.

@Article{Navarro-Ortiz2019,
author={Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge
and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.
and Cervello-Pastor, Cristina
and Catalan, Marisa},
title={A {LoRaWAN} Testbed Design for Supporting Critical Situations: Prototype and Evaluation},
journal={Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing},
year={2019},
month={Feb},
day={21},
publisher={Hindawi},
volume={2019},
pages={1-13},
abstract={The Internet of Things is one of the hottest topics in communications today, with current revenues of {\&}{\#}x24;151B, around 7 billion connected devices, and an unprecedented growth expected for next years. A massive number of sensors and actuators are expected to emerge, requiring new wireless technologies that can extend their battery life and can cover large areas. {LoRaWAN} is one of the most outstanding technologies which fulfill these demands, attracting the attention of both academia and industry. In this paper, the design of a {LoRaWAN} testbed to support critical situations, such as emergency scenarios or natural disasters, is proposed. This self-healing {LoRaWAN} network architecture will provide resilience when part of the equipment in the core network may become faulty. This resilience is achieved by virtualizing and properly orchestrating the different network entities. Different options have been designed and implemented as real prototypes. Based on our performance evaluation, we claim that the usage of microservice orchestration with several replicas of the {LoRaWAN} network entities and a load balancer produces an almost seamless recovery which makes it a proper solution to recover after a system crash caused by any catastrophic event.},
issn={1530-8669},
doi={10.1155/2019/1684906},
pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/59786},
impact={(IF=1.819, Q3)},
project={5gcity}
}

"An Analytical Performance Evaluation Framework for NB-IoT", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 6 (4), pp. 7232-7240, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2019.2915349

@Article{8708311,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Internet of Things Journal},   title={An Analytical Performance Evaluation Framework for NB-IoT}, month=4, year={2019},  volume={6},  number={4},  pages={7232-7240},  doi={10.1109/JIOT.2019.2915349}, impact={(IF=9.936, Q1)}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68246}}

"Automated Network Service Scaling in NFV: Concepts, Mechanisms and Scaling Workflow", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Diego Lopez, Jesus Folgueira, IEEE Communications Magazine, 56 (7), pp. 162-169, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701336

Next-generation systems are anticipated to be digital platforms supporting innovative services with rapidly changing traffic patterns. To cope with this dynamicity in a cost-efficient manner, operators need advanced service management capabilities such as those provided by NFV. NFV enables operators to scale network services with higher granularity and agility than today. To this end, automation is key. In search of this automation, ETSI has defined a reference NFV framework that makes use of model-driven templates called NSDs to operate network services. For the scaling operation, an NSD defines a discrete set of instantiation levels among which a network service instance can be resized throughout its life cycle. Thus, the design of these levels is key for ensuring effective scaling. In this article, we provide an overview of the automation of the network service scaling operation in NFV, addressing the options and boundaries introduced by ETSI normative specifications. We start by providing a description of the NSD structure, focusing on how instantiation levels are constructed. For illustrative purposes, we propose an NSD for a representative network service. This NSD includes different instantiation levels that enable different ways to automatically scale this network service. Then we show the different scaling procedures the NFV framework has available, and how it may automate their triggering. Finally, we propose an ETSI-compliant workflow to describe in detail a representative scaling procedure. This workflow clarifies the interactions and information exchanges between the functional blocks in the NFV framework when performing the scaling operation.

@ARTICLE{OscarScaling2018,
  author={Adamuz-Hinojosa, Oscar and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lopez, Diego and Folgueira, Jesus},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={Automated Network Service Scaling in NFV: Concepts, Mechanisms and Scaling Workflow},
  year={2018},
  volume={56},
  number={7},
  pages={162-169},
  abstract={Next-generation systems are anticipated to be digital platforms supporting innovative services with rapidly changing traffic patterns. To cope with this dynamicity in a cost-efficient manner, operators need advanced service management capabilities such as those provided by NFV. NFV enables operators to scale network services with higher granularity and agility than today. To this end, automation is key. In search of this automation, ETSI has defined a reference NFV framework that makes use of model-driven templates called NSDs to operate network services. For the scaling operation, an NSD defines a discrete set of instantiation levels among which a network service instance can be resized throughout its life cycle. Thus, the design of these levels is key for ensuring effective scaling. In this article, we provide an overview of the automation of the network service scaling operation in NFV, addressing the options and boundaries introduced by ETSI normative specifications. We start by providing a description of the NSD structure, focusing on how instantiation levels are constructed. For illustrative purposes, we propose an NSD for a representative network service. This NSD includes different instantiation levels that enable different ways to automatically scale this network service. Then we show the different scaling procedures the NFV framework has available, and how it may automate their triggering. Finally, we propose an ETSI-compliant workflow to describe in detail a representative scaling procedure. This workflow clarifies the interactions and information exchanges between the functional blocks in the NFV framework when performing the scaling operation.},
  keywords={},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701336},
  ISSN={1558-1896},
  month={July},
  impact = {(IF=10.356, Q1)},
  project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68205}
}

"Adaptive Cell Outage Compensation in Self-Organizing Networks", I. de la Bandera, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, R. Barco, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 67 (6), pp. 5231-5244, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2792406

Within self-organizing networks (SON), the cell outage compensation (COC) functionality is one of the most important use cases in self-healing in mobile communication networks. The state of the art has proposed different COC techniques, each of them to be indistinctly applied to all cells in outage. Conversely, this paper presents an important improvement of the COC function by adapting different COC strategies to different cell outage situations. With this objective, a novel COC methodology is proposed. When a cell outage occurs in a network, a detailed analysis of the faulty situation is carried out. The result of this analysis allows us to classify the degradation produced by the cell outage in the neighboring cells. Depending on this degradation, different COC algorithms should be applied to each affected neighboring cell. In addition, as another contribution, some COC algorithms based on handover parameters modifications have been applied to a COC problem. Results have shown that, by adapting the strategy to the outage impact on neighboring cells, the proposed method outperforms classic strategies.

@ARTICLE{8255651,
  author={I. {de la Bandera} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano} and R. {Barco}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={Adaptive Cell Outage Compensation in Self-Organizing Networks},
  year={2018},
  volume={67},
  number={6},
  pages={5231-5244},
  abstract={Within self-organizing networks (SON), the cell outage compensation (COC) functionality is one of the most important use cases in self-healing in mobile communication networks. The state of the art has proposed different COC techniques, each of them to be indistinctly applied to all cells in outage. Conversely, this paper presents an important improvement of the COC function by adapting different COC strategies to different cell outage situations. With this objective, a novel COC methodology is proposed. When a cell outage occurs in a network, a detailed analysis of the faulty situation is carried out. The result of this analysis allows us to classify the degradation produced by the cell outage in the neighboring cells. Depending on this degradation, different COC algorithms should be applied to each affected neighboring cell. In addition, as another contribution, some COC algorithms based on handover parameters modifications have been applied to a COC problem. Results have shown that, by adapting the strategy to the outage impact on neighboring cells, the proposed method outperforms classic strategies.},
  keywords={mobile communication;telecommunication network reliability;outage impact;neighboring cells;adaptive cell outage compensation;self-organizing networks;cell outage compensation functionality;mobile communication networks;novel COC methodology;COC problem;Degradation;Computer architecture;Microprocessors;Transmitting antennas;Base stations;Algorithm design and analysis;LTE;self-healing;cell outage compensation;self-organizing networks (SON);fuzzy logic controller},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2018.2792406},
  ISSN={1939-9359},
  month={June},
  impact = {(IF=5.33, Q1)},
  project = {}
  }

"Self-Dimensioning and Planning of Small Cell Capacity in Multitenant 5G Networks", P. Munoz, O. Sallent, J. Perez-Romero, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 67 (5), pp. 4552-4564, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2793418

An important concept in the fifth generation of mobile networks is multitenancy, which allows diverse operators sharing the same wireless infrastructure. To support this feature in conjunction with the challenging performance requirements of future networks, more automated and faster planning of the required radio capacity is needed. Likewise, installing small cells is an effective resource to provide greater performance and capacity to both indoor and outdoor places. This paper proposes a new framework for automated cell planning in multitenant small cell networks. In particular, taking advantage of the available network data, a set of detailed planning specifications over time and space domains are generated in order to meet the contracted capacity by each tenant. Then, the network infrastructure and configuration are updated according to an algorithm that considers different actions such as adding/removing channels and adding or relocating small cells. The simulation results show the effectiveness of various methods to derive the planning specifications depending on the correlation between the tenant's and network's traffic demands.

@ARTICLE{8259010,
  author={P. {Munoz} and O. {Sallent} and J. {Perez-Romero}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={Self-Dimensioning and Planning of Small Cell Capacity in Multitenant 5G Networks},
  year={2018},
  volume={67},
  number={5},
  pages={4552-4564},
  abstract={An important concept in the fifth generation of mobile networks is multitenancy, which allows diverse operators sharing the same wireless infrastructure. To support this feature in conjunction with the challenging performance requirements of future networks, more automated and faster planning of the required radio capacity is needed. Likewise, installing small cells is an effective resource to provide greater performance and capacity to both indoor and outdoor places. This paper proposes a new framework for automated cell planning in multitenant small cell networks. In particular, taking advantage of the available network data, a set of detailed planning specifications over time and space domains are generated in order to meet the contracted capacity by each tenant. Then, the network infrastructure and configuration are updated according to an algorithm that considers different actions such as adding/removing channels and adding or relocating small cells. The simulation results show the effectiveness of various methods to derive the planning specifications depending on the correlation between the tenant's and network's traffic demands.},
  keywords={5G mobile communication;cellular radio;telecommunication network planning;telecommunication traffic;wireless channels;fifth generation mobile network;multitenant 5G networks;tenant traffic demands;network traffic demands;space domains;multitenant small cell networks;automated cell planning;outdoor places;indoor places;required radio capacity;automated planning;wireless infrastructure;Planning;5G mobile communication;Capacity planning;Mobile computing;Macrocell networks;Capacity planning;dimensioning;5G networks;multi-tenancy;small cells;SON},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2018.2793418},
  ISSN={1939-9359},
  month={May},
  impact = {(IF=5.33, Q1)},
  project = {related5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68230}
  }

"Integration of LoRaWAN and 4G/5G for the Industrial Internet of Things", J. Navarro-Ortiz, S. Sendra, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Communications Magazine, 56 (2), pp. 60-67, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1700625

@Article{8291115,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and S. {Sendra} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Magazine},   title={Integration of {LoRaWAN} and 4G/5G for the Industrial Internet of Things},   year={2018}, month=2, volume={56},  number={2},  pages={60-67},  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2018.1700625}, pdf={https://hdl.handle.net/10481/86867}, impact={(IF=9.27, Q1)}, project={5gcity}}

"Narrowband IoT Data Transmission Procedures for Massive Machine-Type Communications", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Network, 31 (6), pp. 8-15, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/MNET.2017.1700081

@Article{8120238,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Network},   title={Narrowband IoT Data Transmission Procedures for Massive Machine-Type Communications},   year={2017},  month=11, volume={31},  number={6},  pages={8-15},  doi={10.1109/MNET.2017.1700081}, impact={(IF=7.197, Q1)}}

"Improving Cell Outage Management Through Data Analysis", I. de la Bandera, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, R. Barco, IEEE Wireless Communications, 24 (4), pp. 113-119, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/MWC.2017.1600076WC

Self-organizing networks (SONs) are an important feature for network management automation in the new generation of mobile communications. While SONs have been considered to be part of the recent 3GPP standards such as LTE, it is expected that future 5G mobile networks will present new challenges for SON solutions. One of the most important use cases in self-healing is cell outage compensation (COC). This article proposes an important improvement in COC functionality based on analyzing large real data sets from live networks in order to adapt compensation to the real neighboring context. First, we propose two methods (offline and online) to classify outages depending on the degraded metrics in neighboring cells, and we present results for a set of cell outages occurring in a live LTE network. Second, we propose a method for estimating lost traffic due to cell outages in order to quantify the load that cannot be intrinsically absorbed by neighboring cells. Finally, a novel COC methodology is proposed by taking into account the results obtained in the two previous studies.

@ARTICLE{7851127,
  author={I. {de la Bandera} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano} and R. {Barco}},
  journal={IEEE Wireless Communications},
  title={Improving Cell Outage Management Through Data Analysis},
  year={2017},
  volume={24},
  number={4},
  pages={113-119},
  abstract={Self-organizing networks (SONs) are an important feature for network management automation in the new generation of mobile communications. While SONs have been considered to be part of the recent 3GPP standards such as LTE, it is expected that future 5G mobile networks will present new challenges for SON solutions. One of the most important use cases in self-healing is cell outage compensation (COC). This article proposes an important improvement in COC functionality based on analyzing large real data sets from live networks in order to adapt compensation to the real neighboring context. First, we propose two methods (offline and online) to classify outages depending on the degraded metrics in neighboring cells, and we present results for a set of cell outages occurring in a live LTE network. Second, we propose a method for estimating lost traffic due to cell outages in order to quantify the load that cannot be intrinsically absorbed by neighboring cells. Finally, a novel COC methodology is proposed by taking into account the results obtained in the two previous studies.},
  keywords={5G mobile communication;cellular radio;data analysis;Long Term Evolution;self-organising feature maps;telecommunication computing;telecommunication network management;telecommunication network reliability;telecommunication traffic;cell outage management;data analysis;self-organizing networks;network management automation;mobile communications;3GPP standards;5G mobile networks;SON solutions;cell outage compensation;COC functionality;live LTE network;lost traffic estimation;Long Term Evolution;Degradation;Measurement;Context modeling;Data analysis;Self-organizing networks;Mobile computing},
  doi={10.1109/MWC.2017.1600076WC},
  ISSN={1558-0687},
  month={Aug},
  impact = {(IF=9.20, Q1)},
  project = {}
  }

"Data Analytics for Diagnosing the RF Condition in Self-Organizing Networks", A. Gomez-Andrades, R. Barco, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 16 (6), pp. 1587-1600, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2016.2601919

The current trend in the management of mobile communication networks is to increase the level of automation in order to enhance network performance while reducing Operational Expenditure (OPEX). In this context, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has presented different solutions. On the one hand, Self-Organizing Networks (SON) include self-healing capabilities, which allow operators to automate their troubleshooting tasks in order to identify and solve the problems of the network. On the other hand, the use of mobile traces or Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT) are proposed to automate the collection of user's measurements and signalling messages. This paper proposes to combine both solutions, SON and traces, with the purpose of quickly detecting and solving issues related to the radio interface. That is, the user information gathered by the cell traces function is used to perform an automatic diagnosis of the RF condition of each cell. In addition, the proposed approach allows to precisely locate RF problems based on the assessment of the RF condition. Mobile traces constitute large sets of data, whose analysis requires the application of big-data analytics techniques. The proposed system has been evaluated in two different live LTE networks, demonstrating its validity and utility.

@ARTICLE{7548303,
  author={A. {Gomez-Andrades} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing},
  title={Data Analytics for Diagnosing the RF Condition in Self-Organizing Networks},
  year={2017},
  volume={16},
  number={6},
  pages={1587-1600},
  abstract={The current trend in the management of mobile communication networks is to increase the level of automation in order to enhance network performance while reducing Operational Expenditure (OPEX). In this context, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has presented different solutions. On the one hand, Self-Organizing Networks (SON) include self-healing capabilities, which allow operators to automate their troubleshooting tasks in order to identify and solve the problems of the network. On the other hand, the use of mobile traces or Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT) are proposed to automate the collection of user's measurements and signalling messages. This paper proposes to combine both solutions, SON and traces, with the purpose of quickly detecting and solving issues related to the radio interface. That is, the user information gathered by the cell traces function is used to perform an automatic diagnosis of the RF condition of each cell. In addition, the proposed approach allows to precisely locate RF problems based on the assessment of the RF condition. Mobile traces constitute large sets of data, whose analysis requires the application of big-data analytics techniques. The proposed system has been evaluated in two different live LTE networks, demonstrating its validity and utility.},
  keywords={3G mobile communication;Big Data;cellular radio;data analysis;Long Term Evolution;self-organising feature maps;telecommunication computing;telecommunication network management;self-organizing networks;live LTE networks;Big-Data analytics;mobile traces;automatic RF condition diagnosis;cell traces function;radio interface;signalling messages;MDT;minimization of drive tests;troubleshooting task automation;self-healing capabilities;SON;3GPP;3rd Generation Partnership Project;OPEX;operational expenditure;network performance enhancement;mobile communication network management;Radio frequency;Mobile communication;Mobile computing;3GPP;Time measurement;Minimization;Long Term Evolution;LTE;self-organizing networks;self-healing;diagnosis;root cause analysis;troubleshooting;big-data analytics;self-organizing maps;mobile traces;minimization of drive tests},
  doi={10.1109/TMC.2016.2601919},
  ISSN={1558-0660},
  month={June},
  impact = {(IF=4.01, Q1)},
  project = {}
  }

"Modeling and Dimensioning of a Virtualized MME for 5G Mobile Networks", J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 66 (5), pp. 4383-4395, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2016.2608942

Network function virtualization is considered one of the key technologies for developing future mobile networks. In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework to evaluate the performance of a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) virtualized mobility management entity (vMME) hosted in a data center. This theoretical framework consists of 1) a queuing network to model the vMME in a data center and 2) analytic expressions to estimate the overall mean system delay and the signaling workload to be processed by the vMME. We validate our mathematical model by simulation. One direct use of the proposed model is vMME dimensioning, i.e., to compute the number of vMME processing instances to provide a target system delay given the number of users in the system. Additionally, the paper includes a scalability analysis of the system. In our study, we consider the billing model and a data center setup of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud service and estimate the processing time of MME processing instances for different LTE control procedures experimentally. For the considered setup, our results show that the vMME is scalable for signaling workloads up to 37 000 LTE control procedures per second for a target mean system delay of 1 ms. The system design and database performance assumed imposes this limit in the system scalability.

@ARTICLE{7565650,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},   title={Modeling and Dimensioning of a Virtualized MME for 5G Mobile Networks},   year={2017},  volume={66},  number={5},  pages={4383-4395},  abstract={Network function virtualization is considered one of the key technologies for developing future mobile networks. In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework to evaluate the performance of a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) virtualized mobility management entity (vMME) hosted in a data center. This theoretical framework consists of 1) a queuing network to model the vMME in a data center and 2) analytic expressions to estimate the overall mean system delay and the signaling workload to be processed by the vMME. We validate our mathematical model by simulation. One direct use of the proposed model is vMME dimensioning, i.e., to compute the number of vMME processing instances to provide a target system delay given the number of users in the system. Additionally, the paper includes a scalability analysis of the system. In our study, we consider the billing model and a data center setup of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud service and estimate the processing time of MME processing instances for different LTE control procedures experimentally. For the considered setup, our results show that the vMME is scalable for signaling workloads up to 37 000 LTE control procedures per second for a target mean system delay of 1 ms. The system design and database performance assumed imposes this limit in the system scalability.},  keywords={Computational modeling;Delays;Scalability;Mathematical model;Mobile radio mobility management;Data models;Evolved packet core (EPC);fifth generation (5G);network functions virtualization (NFV);scalability;virtualization;virtualized mobility management entity (vMME)},  doi={10.1109/TVT.2016.2608942},  ISSN={1939-9359},  month={May},impact={(IF=4.432, Q1)}}

"Root Cause Analysis Based on Temporal Analysis of Metrics Toward Self-Organizing 5G Networks", P. Munoz, I. de la Bandera, E. J. Khatib, A. Gomez-Andrades, I. Serrano, R. Barco, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 66 (3), pp. 2811-2824, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2016.2586143

By 2020, mobile networks will support a wide range of communication services while at the same time, the number of user terminals will be enormous. To cope with such increased complexity in network management, innovative solutions for the next generation of self-organizing networks (SONs) need to be deployed. In the field of self-healing, the heterogeneous character of future fifth-generation (5G) radio access networks (RANs) will provide a diversity of measurements and metrics that can be translated into valuable knowledge to support detection and diagnosis activities. The more complete the information gathered, the better the SON mechanisms will be able to effectively analyze and solve radio problems. However, temporal dependence between metrics has not been previously addressed in the literature. In this paper, a self-healing method based on network data analysis is proposed to diagnose problems in future RANs. The proposed system analyzes the temporal evolution of a plurality of metrics and searches for potential interdependence under the presence of faults. Performance is evaluated with real data from a mature Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network. Results show that the proposed method exploits the available data in the context of heterogeneous scenarios, reducing the diagnosis error rate.

@ARTICLE{7501884,
  author={P. {Munoz} and I. {de la Bandera} and E. J. {Khatib} and A. {Gomez-Andrades} and I. {Serrano} and R. {Barco}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={Root Cause Analysis Based on Temporal Analysis of Metrics Toward Self-Organizing 5G Networks},
  year={2017},
  volume={66},
  number={3},
  pages={2811-2824},
  abstract={By 2020, mobile networks will support a wide range of communication services while at the same time, the number of user terminals will be enormous. To cope with such increased complexity in network management, innovative solutions for the next generation of self-organizing networks (SONs) need to be deployed. In the field of self-healing, the heterogeneous character of future fifth-generation (5G) radio access networks (RANs) will provide a diversity of measurements and metrics that can be translated into valuable knowledge to support detection and diagnosis activities. The more complete the information gathered, the better the SON mechanisms will be able to effectively analyze and solve radio problems. However, temporal dependence between metrics has not been previously addressed in the literature. In this paper, a self-healing method based on network data analysis is proposed to diagnose problems in future RANs. The proposed system analyzes the temporal evolution of a plurality of metrics and searches for potential interdependence under the presence of faults. Performance is evaluated with real data from a mature Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network. Results show that the proposed method exploits the available data in the context of heterogeneous scenarios, reducing the diagnosis error rate.},
  keywords={5G mobile communication;data analysis;fault tolerant computing;Long Term Evolution;radio access networks;telecommunication computing;root cause analysis;metric temporal analysis;self-organizing 5G network;mobile network;network management;innovative solution;next generation network;fifth-generation radio access network;5G RAN;SON mechanism;self-healing method;network data analysis;Long Term Evolution network;LTE network;diagnosis error rate reduction;heterogeneous scenario context;Computer architecture;Measurement;Microprocessors;Radiation detectors;5G mobile communication;Fault diagnosis;Correlation;fault diagnosis;Long-Term Evolution (LTE);self-healing;self-organizing networks (SONs)},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2016.2586143},
  ISSN={1939-9359},
  month={March},
  impact = {(IF=4.43, Q1)},
  project = {}
  }

"Interference Bound for Local Channel Allocation", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Wireless Personal Communications, 92 (4), pp. 1559-1574, 2017. DOI: 10.1007/s11277-016-3621-1

A lower bound of the total co-channel interference is proposed for the channel allocation problem when applied to a reduced set of nodes. The rest of the network nodes remain unaffected. This bound is independent of the particular channel allocation algorithm employed and no assumptions are made about the propagation model or the deployment scenario. Assuming that the bound is tight to the interference generated by the optimal channel allocation, its computation may help, for example, to estimate the minimum set of nodes for which channel allocation performs nearly-optimal while minimizing node reconfigurations. Another example of usage is the estimation of the minimum number of channels required for a given performance. The tightness of the proposed bound is evaluated through simulations, with a difference lower than 1\^A \% in the conducted simulations. In addition, a sample use case\^a\texteuro''adaptive local channel allocation\^a\texteuro''is also provided.

@Article{Navarro-Ortiz2017,
author={Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge
and Ameigeiras, Pablo
and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.
and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
title={Interference Bound for Local Channel Allocation},
journal={Wireless Personal Communications},
year={2017},
month={Feb},
day={01},
volume={92},
number={4},
pages={1559-1574},
abstract={A lower bound of the total co-channel interference is proposed for the channel allocation problem when applied to a reduced set of nodes. The rest of the network nodes remain unaffected. This bound is independent of the particular channel allocation algorithm employed and no assumptions are made about the propagation model or the deployment scenario. Assuming that the bound is tight to the interference generated by the optimal channel allocation, its computation may help, for example, to estimate the minimum set of nodes for which channel allocation performs nearly-optimal while minimizing node reconfigurations. Another example of usage is the estimation of the minimum number of channels required for a given performance. The tightness of the proposed bound is evaluated through simulations, with a difference lower than 1{\^A} {\%} in the conducted simulations. In addition, a sample use case{\^a}{\texteuro}''adaptive local channel allocation{\^a}{\texteuro}''is also provided.},
issn={1572-834X},
doi={10.1007/s11277-016-3621-1},
impact={(IF=1.200, Q4)}
}

"Knowledge Acquisition for Fault Management in LTE Networks", E. J. Khatib, R. Barco, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, Wireless Personal Communications, 95 (3), pp. 2895-2914, 2017. DOI: 10.1007/s11277-017-3969-x

@ARTICLE{s11277-017-3969-x,
  author={E. J. {Khatib} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and {I. Serrano}},
  journal={Wireless Personal Communications},
  title={Knowledge Acquisition for Fault Management in LTE Networks},
  year={2017},
  volume={95},
  number={3},
  pages={2895-2914},
  doi={10.1007/s11277-017-3969-x},
  ISSN={0929-6212},
  month={},
  impact = {(IF=1.20, Q4)},
  project = {}
  }

"Network Slicing for 5G with SDN/NFV: Concepts, Architectures, and Challenges", Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Pablo Ameigeiras, Diego Lopez, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Javier Lorca, Jesus Folgueira, IEEE Communications Magazine, 55 (5), pp. 80-87, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600935

@ARTICLE{7926921,
  author={Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez, Diego and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lorca, Javier and Folgueira, Jesus},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={Network Slicing for 5G with SDN/NFV: Concepts, Architectures, and Challenges},
  year={2017},
  volume={55},
  number={5},
  pages={80-87},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600935},
  impact={(IF=9.270, Q1)}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/45368}}

"A method for identifying faulty cells using a classification tree-based UE diagnosis in LTE", P. Munoz, R. Barco, E. Cruz, A. Gomez-Andrades, E. J. Khatib, N. Faour, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2017. DOI: 10.1186/s13638-017-0914-3

@ARTICLE{s13638-017-0914-3,
  author={P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and E. {Cruz} and A. {Gomez-Andrades} and E. J. {Khatib} and N. {Faour}},
  journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
  title={A method for identifying faulty cells using a classification tree-based UE diagnosis in LTE},
  year={2017},
  volume={},
  number={2017-130},
  pages={},
  doi={10.1186/s13638-017-0914-3},
  ISSN={1687-1499},
  month={},
  impact = {(IF=2.40, Q2)},
  project = {}
  }

"Methodology for the Design and Evaluation of Self-Healing LTE Networks", A. Gomez-Andrades, P. Munoz, E. J. Khatib, I. de-la-Bandera, I. Serrano, R. Barco, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 65 (8), pp. 6468-6486, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2015.2477945

Self-healing networks aim to detect cells with service degradation, identify the fault cause of their problem, and execute compensation and repair actions. The development of this type of automatic system presents several challenges to be confronted. The first challenge is the scarce number of historically reported faults, which greatly complicates the evaluation of novel self-healing techniques. For this reason, in this paper, a system model to simulate faults in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks, along with their most significant key performance indicators, is proposed. Second, the expert knowledge required to build a self-healing system is usually not documented. Therefore, in this paper, a methodology to extract this information from a collection of reported cases is proposed. Finally, following the proposed methodology, an automatic fuzzy-logic-based system for fault identification in LTE networks is designed. Evaluation results show that the fuzzy system provides fault identification with a high success rate.

@ARTICLE{7254244,
  author={A. {Gomez-Andrades} and P. {Munoz} and E. J. {Khatib} and I. {de-la-Bandera} and I. {Serrano} and R. {Barco}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={Methodology for the Design and Evaluation of Self-Healing LTE Networks},
  year={2016},
  volume={65},
  number={8},
  pages={6468-6486},
  abstract={Self-healing networks aim to detect cells with service degradation, identify the fault cause of their problem, and execute compensation and repair actions. The development of this type of automatic system presents several challenges to be confronted. The first challenge is the scarce number of historically reported faults, which greatly complicates the evaluation of novel self-healing techniques. For this reason, in this paper, a system model to simulate faults in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks, along with their most significant key performance indicators, is proposed. Second, the expert knowledge required to build a self-healing system is usually not documented. Therefore, in this paper, a methodology to extract this information from a collection of reported cases is proposed. Finally, following the proposed methodology, an automatic fuzzy-logic-based system for fault identification in LTE networks is designed. Evaluation results show that the fuzzy system provides fault identification with a high success rate.},
  keywords={fault diagnosis;fuzzy logic;Long Term Evolution;telecommunication network reliability;Long-Term Evolution;self-healing LTE networks;service degradation;automatic system;self-healing system;automatic fuzzy-logic-based system;fault identification;Mobile communication;Mobile computing;Interference;Fault diagnosis;Design methodology;Long Term Evolution;Antenna radiation patterns;Diagnosis;fault identification;fault management;fuzzy logic;Long-Term Evolution (LTE);root cause analysis;self-healing;troubleshooting},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2015.2477945},
  ISSN={1939-9359},
  month={Aug},
  impact = {(IF=4.06, Q1)}
}

"Automatic root cause analysis based on traces for LTE self-organizing networks", A. Gomez-Andrades, R. Barco, I. Serrano, P. Delgado, P. Caro-Oliver, P. Munoz, IEEE Wireless Communications, 23 (3), pp. 20-28, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/MWC.2016.7498071

Within the functionality of self-healing in self-organizing networks, automatic root cause analysis is typically focused on identifying problems at the cell level, based on the statistics gathered by the operation, administration, and maintenance system. Therefore, mobile operators lose visibility of the problems that directly affect users' performance. Conversely, this article presents a complete strategy to systematically identify, on the basis of information at the user level (by means of mobile traces), why user disconnection occurs (i.e., the cause of the connection's release). The proposed automatic root cause analysis is characterized by a top-down model and provides a comprehensive classification of faults when they are caused by radio-related problems. First, it classifies the connections according to the type of release, and subsequently, it determines the specific fault cause based on the event information for those connections abnormally released. The proposed method for identification of the radio-related cause has been applied in both an LTE simulator and a real LTE network, illustrating the usefulness of the approach.

@ARTICLE{7498071,
  author={A. {Gomez-Andrades} and R. {Barco} and I. {Serrano} and P. {Delgado} and P. {Caro-Oliver} and P. {Munoz}},
  journal={IEEE Wireless Communications},
  title={Automatic root cause analysis based on traces for LTE self-organizing networks},
  year={2016},
  volume={23},
  number={3},
  pages={20-28},
  abstract={Within the functionality of self-healing in self-organizing networks, automatic root cause analysis is typically focused on identifying problems at the cell level, based on the statistics gathered by the operation, administration, and maintenance system. Therefore, mobile operators lose visibility of the problems that directly affect users' performance. Conversely, this article presents a complete strategy to systematically identify, on the basis of information at the user level (by means of mobile traces), why user disconnection occurs (i.e., the cause of the connection's release). The proposed automatic root cause analysis is characterized by a top-down model and provides a comprehensive classification of faults when they are caused by radio-related problems. First, it classifies the connections according to the type of release, and subsequently, it determines the specific fault cause based on the event information for those connections abnormally released. The proposed method for identification of the radio-related cause has been applied in both an LTE simulator and a real LTE network, illustrating the usefulness of the approach.},
  keywords={Long Term Evolution;automatic root cause analysis;LTE self-organizing networks;mobile operators;top-down model;LTE simulator;Long Term Evolution;Mobile communication;Context modeling;Radio frequency;Long Term Evolution;Maintenance engineering;Self-organizing networks;Current measurement},
  doi={10.1109/MWC.2016.7498071},
  ISSN={1558-0687},
  month={June},
impact = {(IF=8.97, Q1)}
}

"Automatic Root Cause Analysis for LTE Networks Based on Unsupervised Techniques", A. Gomez-Andrades, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, R. Barco, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 65 (4), pp. 2369-2386, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2015.2431742

The increase in the size and complexity of current cellular networks is complicating their operation and maintenance tasks. While the end-to-end user experience in terms of throughput and latency has been significantly improved, cellular networks have also become more prone to failures. In this context, mobile operators start to concentrate their efforts on creating self-healing networks, i.e., those networks capable of troubleshooting in an automatic way, making the network more reliable and reducing costs. In this paper, an automatic diagnosis system based on unsupervised techniques for Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks is proposed. In particular, this system is built through an iterative process, using self-organizing maps (SOMs) and Ward's hierarchical method, to guarantee the quality of the solution. Furthermore, to obtain a number of relevant clusters and label them properly from a technical point of view, an approach based on the analysis of the statistical behavior of each cluster is proposed. Moreover, with the aim of increasing the accuracy of the system, a novel adjustment process is presented. It intends to refine the diagnosis solution provided by the traditional SOM according to the so-called silhouette index and the most similar cause on the basis of the minimum Xth percentile of all distances. The effectiveness of the developed diagnosis system is validated using real and simulated LTE data by analyzing its performance and comparing it with reference mechanisms.

@ARTICLE{7105410,
  author={A. {Gomez-Andrades} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano} and R. {Barco}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={Automatic Root Cause Analysis for LTE Networks Based on Unsupervised Techniques},
  year={2016},
  volume={65},
  number={4},
  pages={2369-2386},
  abstract={The increase in the size and complexity of current cellular networks is complicating their operation and maintenance tasks. While the end-to-end user experience in terms of throughput and latency has been significantly improved, cellular networks have also become more prone to failures. In this context, mobile operators start to concentrate their efforts on creating self-healing networks, i.e., those networks capable of troubleshooting in an automatic way, making the network more reliable and reducing costs. In this paper, an automatic diagnosis system based on unsupervised techniques for Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks is proposed. In particular, this system is built through an iterative process, using self-organizing maps (SOMs) and Ward's hierarchical method, to guarantee the quality of the solution. Furthermore, to obtain a number of relevant clusters and label them properly from a technical point of view, an approach based on the analysis of the statistical behavior of each cluster is proposed. Moreover, with the aim of increasing the accuracy of the system, a novel adjustment process is presented. It intends to refine the diagnosis solution provided by the traditional SOM according to the so-called silhouette index and the most similar cause on the basis of the minimum Xth percentile of all distances. The effectiveness of the developed diagnosis system is validated using real and simulated LTE data by analyzing its performance and comparing it with reference mechanisms.},
  keywords={cellular radio;iterative methods;Long Term Evolution;pattern clustering;self-organising feature maps;telecommunication computing;telecommunication network reliability;unsupervised learning;automatic root cause analysis;LTE network latency;unsupervised technique;end-to-end user experience;mobile operator;self-healing network;cost reduction;automatic diagnosis system;Long Term Evolution network throughput;iterative process;self-organizing map;SOM;Ward hierarchical method;statistical behavior;silhouette index;cellular networks;Neurons;Training;Mobile communication;Indexes;Mobile computing;Fault diagnosis;LTE;Self-Healing;diagnosis;fault identification;unsupervised learning;Self-Organizing Maps;silhouette;Diagnosis;fault identification;Long-Term Evolution (LTE);self-healing;self-organizing maps (SOMs);silhouette;unsupervised learning},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2015.2431742},
  ISSN={1939-9359},
  month={April},
impact = {(IF=4.06, Q1)}
}

"3GPP QoS-based scheduling framework for LTE", Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pilar Andres-Maldonado, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Javier Lorca, Quiliano Perez-Tarrero, Raquel Garcia-Perez, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2016 (1), pp. 78, 2016. DOI: 10.1186/s13638-016-0565-9

This paper proposes the design of a scheduling framework for the downlink of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system with the objective of meeting the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements as defined by the QoS architecture of the 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications. We carry out a thorough review of 3GPP specifications analyzing the requirements of the 3GPP QoS architecture. LTE bearers may be associated with a Guaranteed Bit Rate (i.e., GBR bearers) or not (i.e., non-GBR bearers). Additionally, the specifications establish a Packet Delay Budget (PDB) to limit the maximum packet transfer delay. To achieve our goal, we design a channel-aware service discipline for GBR bearers which is able to fulfill not only the GBR but also the PDB. Additionally, we also design an algorithm for prioritizing GBR and non-GBR bearers from different QoS Class Identifiers (QCIs) following 3GPP QoS rules. We compare the proposed framework with two reference schedulers by means of network-level simulations. The results will show the ability of the proposed framework to address the QoS requirements from 3GPP specifications while providing an interesting performance from a spectral efficiency viewpoint.

@Article{Ameigeiras2016,
author={Ameigeiras, Pablo
and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge
and Andres-Maldonado, Pilar
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.
and Lorca, Javier
and Perez-Tarrero, Quiliano
and Garcia-Perez, Raquel},
title={3GPP QoS-based scheduling framework for LTE},
journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
year={2016},
month={Mar},
day={10},
volume={2016},
number={1},
pages={78},
abstract={This paper proposes the design of a scheduling framework for the downlink of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system with the objective of meeting the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements as defined by the QoS architecture of the 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications. We carry out a thorough review of 3GPP specifications analyzing the requirements of the 3GPP QoS architecture. LTE bearers may be associated with a Guaranteed Bit Rate (i.e., GBR bearers) or not (i.e., non-GBR bearers). Additionally, the specifications establish a Packet Delay Budget (PDB) to limit the maximum packet transfer delay. To achieve our goal, we design a channel-aware service discipline for GBR bearers which is able to fulfill not only the GBR but also the PDB. Additionally, we also design an algorithm for prioritizing GBR and non-GBR bearers from different QoS Class Identifiers (QCIs) following 3GPP QoS rules. We compare the proposed framework with two reference schedulers by means of network-level simulations. The results will show the ability of the proposed framework to address the QoS requirements from 3GPP specifications while providing an interesting performance from a spectral efficiency viewpoint.},
issn={1687-1499},
doi={10.1186/s13638-016-0565-9},
impact={(IF=1.529, Q3)}
}

"Correlation-Based Time-Series Analysis for Cell Degradation Detection in SON", P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. Serrano, A. Gomez-Andrades, IEEE Communications Letters, 20 (2), pp. 396-399, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2016.2516004

The increasing amount of network elements in the current deployments of cellular networks is leading to an enormous complexity of the operation and maintenance. Self-organizing networks (SONs) is a good solution for operators to save operational expenditures by automating network management. One of the key challenges in this context is the automatic identification of degraded cells. In this letter, a method to detect degraded cells through the analysis of the time evolution of metrics is proposed. Results show that cell faulty patterns can be effectively detected by comparing them with a set of fictitious degraded patterns.

@ARTICLE{7377033,
  author={P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and I. {Serrano} and A. {Gomez-Andrades}},
  journal={IEEE Communications Letters},
  title={Correlation-Based Time-Series Analysis for Cell Degradation Detection in SON},
  year={2016},
  volume={20},
  number={2},
  pages={396-399},
  abstract={The increasing amount of network elements in the current deployments of cellular networks is leading to an enormous complexity of the operation and maintenance. Self-organizing networks (SONs) is a good solution for operators to save operational expenditures by automating network management. One of the key challenges in this context is the automatic identification of degraded cells. In this letter, a method to detect degraded cells through the analysis of the time evolution of metrics is proposed. Results show that cell faulty patterns can be effectively detected by comparing them with a set of fictitious degraded patterns.},
  keywords={cellular radio;Long Term Evolution;self-organising feature maps;time series;correlation-based time-series analysis;cell degradation detection;SON;cellular networks;self-organizing networks;network management;Long-Term Evolution;Measurement;Degradation;Correlation;Context;Complexity theory;Maintenance engineering;Self-organizing networks;Self-Healing;Fault Detection;Long-Term Evolution;Correlation;Self-Organizing Networks;Self-healing;fault detection;long-term evolution;correlation;self-organizing networks},
  doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2016.2516004},
  ISSN={1558-2558},
  month={Feb},
impact = {(IF=1.98, Q2)}
}

"Self-healing in mobile networks with big data", E. J. Khatib, R. Barco, P. Munoz, I. De La Bandera, I. Serrano, IEEE Communications Magazine, 54 (1), pp. 114-120, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2016.7378435

Mobile networks have rapidly evolved in recent years due to the increase in multimedia traffic and offered services. This has led to a growth in the volume of control data and measurements that are used by self-healing systems. To maintain a certain quality of service, self-healing systems must complete their tasks in a reasonable time. The conjunction of a big volume of data and the limitation of time requires a big data approach to the problem of self-healing. This article reviews the data that self-healing uses as input and justifies its classification as big data. Big data techniques applied to mobile networks are examined, and some use cases along with their big data solutions are surveyed.

@ARTICLE{7378435,
  author={E. J. {Khatib} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and I. {De La Bandera} and I. {Serrano}},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={Self-healing in mobile networks with big data},
  year={2016},
  volume={54},
  number={1},
  pages={114-120},
  abstract={Mobile networks have rapidly evolved in recent years due to the increase in multimedia traffic and offered services. This has led to a growth in the volume of control data and measurements that are used by self-healing systems. To maintain a certain quality of service, self-healing systems must complete their tasks in a reasonable time. The conjunction of a big volume of data and the limitation of time requires a big data approach to the problem of self-healing. This article reviews the data that self-healing uses as input and justifies its classification as big data. Big data techniques applied to mobile networks are examined, and some use cases along with their big data solutions are surveyed.},
  keywords={Big Data;mobile communication;quality of service;telecommunication traffic;mobile networks;multimedia traffic;offered services;self-healing systems;Quality of Service;big volume conjunction;Big data classification;Big data;Mobile communication;Mobile computing;Quality of service;Telecommunication network management;Radiation detectors},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2016.7378435},
  ISSN={1558-1896},
  month={January},
impact = {(IF=10.43, Q1)}
}

"Virtualized MME Design for IoT Support in 5G Systems", Pilar Andres-Maldonado, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Sensors, 16 (8), 2016. DOI: 10.3390/s16081338

Cellular systems are recently being considered an option to provide support to the Internet of Things (IoT). To enable this support, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has introduced new procedures specifically targeted for cellular IoT. With one of these procedures, the transmissions of small and infrequent data packets from/to the devices are encapsulated in signaling messages and sent through the control plane. However, these transmissions from/to a massive number of devices may imply a major increase of the processing load on the control plane entities of the network and in particular on the Mobility Management Entity (MME). In this paper, we propose two designs of an MME based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) that aim at facilitating the IoT support. The first proposed design partially separates the processing resources dedicated to each traffic class. The second design includes traffic shaping to control the traffic of each class. We consider three classes: Mobile Broadband (MBB), low latency Machine to Machine communications (lM2M) and delay-tolerant M2M communications. Our proposals enable reducing the processing resources and, therefore, the cost. Additionally, results show that the proposed designs lessen the impact between classes, so they ease the compliance of the delay requirements of MBB and lM2M communications.

@Article{s16081338,
AUTHOR = {Andres-Maldonado, Pilar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
TITLE = {Virtualized MME Design for IoT Support in 5G Systems},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {16},
YEAR = {2016},
NUMBER = {8},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {1338},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/8/1338},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Cellular systems are recently being considered an option to provide support to the Internet of Things (IoT). To enable this support, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has introduced new procedures specifically targeted for cellular IoT. With one of these procedures, the transmissions of small and infrequent data packets from/to the devices are encapsulated in signaling messages and sent through the control plane. However, these transmissions from/to a massive number of devices may imply a major increase of the processing load on the control plane entities of the network and in particular on the Mobility Management Entity (MME). In this paper, we propose two designs of an MME based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) that aim at facilitating the IoT support. The first proposed design partially separates the processing resources dedicated to each traffic class. The second design includes traffic shaping to control the traffic of each class. We consider three classes: Mobile Broadband (MBB), low latency Machine to Machine communications (lM2M) and delay-tolerant M2M communications. Our proposals enable reducing the processing resources and, therefore, the cost. Additionally, results show that the proposed designs lessen the impact between classes, so they ease the compliance of the delay requirements of MBB and lM2M communications.},
DOI = {10.3390/s16081338},impact={(IF=2.677, Q1)}}

"Fault Compensation Algorithm based on Handover Margins in LTE Networks", I. de la Bandera, R. Barco, P. Munoz, A. Gomez-Andrades, I. Serrano, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2016. DOI: 10.1186/s13638-016-0742-x

@ARTICLE{s13638-016-0742-x,
  author={I. {de la Bandera} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and A. {Gomez-Andrades} and I. {Serrano}},
  journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
  title={Fault Compensation Algorithm based on Handover Margins in LTE Networks},
  year={2016},
  volume={},
  number={2016-246},
  pages={},
  doi={10.1186/s13638-016-0742-x},
  ISSN={1687-1499},
  month={},
  impact = {(IF=1.52, Q3)},
  project = {}
  }

"Unsupervised Performance Functions for Wireless Self- Organising Networks", A. Gomez-Andrades, R. Barco, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, Wireless Personal Communications, 90 (4), pp. 2017-2032, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/s11277-016-3435-1

@ARTICLE{s11277-016-3435-1,
  author={A. {Gomez-Andrades} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano}},
  journal={Wireless Personal Communications},
  title={Unsupervised Performance Functions for Wireless Self- Organising Networks},
  year={2016},
  volume={90},
  number={4},
  pages={2017-2032},
  doi={10.1007/s11277-016-3435-1},
  ISSN={0929-6212},
  month={},
  impact = {(IF=0.95, Q4)},
  project = {}
  }

"Cell Outage Detection Based on Handover Statistics", I. de-la-Bandera, R. Barco, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, IEEE Communications Letters, 19 (7), pp. 1189-1192, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2426187

This letter presents a novel cell outage detection algorithm based on incoming handovers statistics. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it uses neighbor measurements that allow to detect outage in two cases. First, when the cell in outage is able to report performance indicators; second, when these indicators are not available because the base station is affected. To evaluate the proposed algorithm and compare it with other approaches, a set of tests has been carried out using an LTE simulator and in a live LTE network.

@ARTICLE{7094270,
  author={I. {de-la-Bandera} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano}},
  journal={IEEE Communications Letters},
  title={Cell Outage Detection Based on Handover Statistics},
  year={2015},
  volume={19},
  number={7},
  pages={1189-1192},
  abstract={This letter presents a novel cell outage detection algorithm based on incoming handovers statistics. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it uses neighbor measurements that allow to detect outage in two cases. First, when the cell in outage is able to report performance indicators; second, when these indicators are not available because the base station is affected. To evaluate the proposed algorithm and compare it with other approaches, a set of tests has been carried out using an LTE simulator and in a live LTE network.},
  keywords={Long Term Evolution,mobility management (mobile radio), novel cell outage detection algorithm, handovers statistics, base station,live LTE network,LTE simulator,Availability,Algorithm design and analysis,Switches,Handover,Detection algorithms,Mathematical model,Cell Outage Detection,Self-Healing,LTE,Handover,Real Network,Cell outage detection,self-healing,LTE,handover,real network},
  doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2015.2426187},
  ISSN={1558-2558},
  month={July},
  impact = {(IF=1.29, Q2)}
}

"Load balancing and handover joint optimization in LTE networks using Fuzzy Logic and Reinforcement Learning", P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. de la Bandera, Computer Networks, 76, pp. 112-125, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2014.10.027

With the growing deployment of cellular networks, operators have to devote significant manual effort to network management. As a result, Self-Organizing Networks (SONs) have become increasingly important in order to raise the level of automated operation in cellular technologies. In this context, Load Balancing (LB) and Handover Optimization (HOO) have been identified by industry as key self-organizing mechanisms for the Radio Access Networks (RANs). However, most efforts have been focused on developing a stand-alone entity for each self-organizing mechanism, which will run in parallel with other entities, as well as designing coordination mechanisms in charge of stabilizing the network as a whole. Due to the importance of LB and HOO, in this paper, a unified self-management mechanism based on Fuzzy Logic and Reinforcement Learning is proposed. In particular, the proposed algorithm modifies handover parameters to optimize the main Key Performance Indicators related to LB and HOO. Results show that the proposed scheme effectively provides better performance than independent entities running simultaneously in the network.

@article{MUNOZ2015112,
title = {Load balancing and handover joint optimization in LTE networks using Fuzzy Logic and Reinforcement Learning},
journal = {Computer Networks},
volume = {76},
pages = {112-125},
year = {2015},
issn = {1389-1286},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2014.10.027},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389128614003892},
author = {P. Munoz and R. Barco and I. {de la Bandera}},
keywords = {Load balancing, Handover, Self-organizing networks, Long-term evolution, Fuzzy logic, Reinforcement learning},
abstract = {With the growing deployment of cellular networks, operators have to devote significant manual effort to network management. As a result, Self-Organizing Networks (SONs) have become increasingly important in order to raise the level of automated operation in cellular technologies. In this context, Load Balancing (LB) and Handover Optimization (HOO) have been identified by industry as key self-organizing mechanisms for the Radio Access Networks (RANs). However, most efforts have been focused on developing a stand-alone entity for each self-organizing mechanism, which will run in parallel with other entities, as well as designing coordination mechanisms in charge of stabilizing the network as a whole. Due to the importance of LB and HOO, in this paper, a unified self-management mechanism based on Fuzzy Logic and Reinforcement Learning is proposed. In particular, the proposed algorithm modifies handover parameters to optimize the main Key Performance Indicators related to LB and HOO. Results show that the proposed scheme effectively provides better performance than independent entities running simultaneously in the network.},
impact ={(IF=1.44, Q2)}
}

"Load balancing mechanisms for indoor temporarily overloaded heterogeneous femtocell networks", Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia, Raquel Barco, Sergio Fortes, Pablo Munoz, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-015-0265-x

Macrocell and small cell deployments and self-organizing network (SON) techniques work together to increase indoor cellular network capacity and ensure better quality of service (QoS). As a consequence of uneven local user densities and temporal or spatial fluctuations of traffic, the network may suffer overload situations, which partially degrades network performance. Load balancing self-optimization introduces automatic and intelligent mechanisms to tune network parameters in order to improve the overall cellular network performance. This paper proposes novel load balancing methods based on fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) that evaluate temporarily overloaded situations and resize cell coverage areas by an adaptive process of adjusting cell transmission power. To accomplish this goal, classical network indicators are analyzed (e.g., call blocking ratio, available radio resources) while a novel and simple, although powerful, indicator (not mentioned in the literature yet) is additionally proposed as the system input. This indicator is related to the maximum allowed number of users in a femtocell. The proposed methods have been evaluated and compared with the literature in a realistic scenario.

@ARTICLE{Pmunoz2015qwe,
  author={Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia and Raquel Barco and Sergio Fortes and Pablo Munoz},
  journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
  title={Load balancing mechanisms for indoor temporarily overloaded heterogeneous femtocell networks},
  year={2015},
  number={29},
abstract = {Macrocell and small cell deployments and self-organizing network (SON) techniques work together to increase indoor cellular network capacity and ensure better quality of service (QoS). As a consequence of uneven local user densities and temporal or spatial fluctuations of traffic, the network may suffer overload situations, which partially degrades network performance. Load balancing self-optimization introduces automatic and intelligent mechanisms to tune network parameters in order to improve the overall cellular network performance. This paper proposes novel load balancing methods based on fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) that evaluate temporarily overloaded situations and resize cell coverage areas by an adaptive process of adjusting cell transmission power. To accomplish this goal, classical network indicators are analyzed (e.g., call blocking ratio, available radio resources) while a novel and simple, although powerful, indicator (not mentioned in the literature yet) is additionally proposed as the system input. This indicator is related to the maximum allowed number of users in a femtocell. The proposed methods have been evaluated and compared with the literature in a realistic scenario.},
url = {https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13638-015-0265-x},
doi={https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-015-0265-x},
  month={Jan},impact={(IF=0.62, Q3)}
}

"Contextualized indicators for online failure diagnosis in cellular networks", Sergio Fortes, Raquel Barco, Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia, Pablo Munoz, Computer Networks, 82, pp. 96-113, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2015.02.031

This paper presents a novel approach for self-healing in cellular networks based on the application of mobile terminals context information: time, service, activity, identity and, especially, location. Context information is therefore used to support root cause analysis, providing improved network fault diagnosis compared to classical non-context-aware approaches. The integration of context information is implemented by means of the newly defined contextualized indicators. These are used in order to integrate user equipment context information in pre-existent failure management schemes. The presented techniques are especially suitable for indoor small cell scenarios, whose particular conditions of dynamic user distribution, overlapping coverage, dynamic radio and service provisioning environment, etc., make previous diagnosis schemes especially unreliable. The algorithms and methodology for the proposed context-aware system are defined and its performance is assessed by means of an LTE system-level simulator.

@article{FORTES201596,
title = {Contextualized indicators for online failure diagnosis in cellular networks},
journal = {Computer Networks},
volume = {82},
pages = {96-113},
year = {2015},
note = {Robust and Fault-Tolerant Communication Networks},
issn = {1389-1286},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2015.02.031},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389128615000791},
author = {Sergio Fortes and Raquel Barco and Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia and Pablo Munoz},
keywords = {Self-healing, Diagnosis, Context-aware, Localization, Small cells, LTE},
abstract = {This paper presents a novel approach for self-healing in cellular networks based on the application of mobile terminals context information: time, service, activity, identity and, especially, location. Context information is therefore used to support root cause analysis, providing improved network fault diagnosis compared to classical non-context-aware approaches. The integration of context information is implemented by means of the newly defined contextualized indicators. These are used in order to integrate user equipment context information in pre-existent failure management schemes. The presented techniques are especially suitable for indoor small cell scenarios, whose particular conditions of dynamic user distribution, overlapping coverage, dynamic radio and service provisioning environment, etc., make previous diagnosis schemes especially unreliable. The algorithms and methodology for the proposed context-aware system are defined and its performance is assessed by means of an LTE system-level simulator.},
impact = {(IF=1.44, Q2)}
}

"Data mining for fuzzy diagnosis systems in LTE networks", Emil J. Khatib, Raquel Barco, Ana Gomez-Andrades, Pablo Munoz, Inmaculada Serrano, Expert Systems with Applications, 42 (21), pp. 7549-7559, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2015.05.031

The recent developments in cellular networks, along with the increase in services, users and the demand of high quality have raised the Operational Expenditure (OPEX). Self-Organizing Networks (SON) are the solution to reduce these costs. Within SON, self-healing is the functionality that aims to automatically solve problems in the radio access network, at the same time reducing the downtime and the impact on the user experience. Self-healing comprises four main functions: fault detection, root cause analysis, fault compensation and recovery. To perform the root cause analysis (also known as diagnosis), Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS) are commonly used, such as fuzzy logic. In this paper, a novel method for extracting the Knowledge Base for a KBS from solved troubleshooting cases is proposed. This method is based on data mining techniques as opposed to the manual techniques currently used. The data mining problem of extracting knowledge out of LTE troubleshooting information can be considered a Big Data problem. Therefore, the proposed method has been designed so it can be easily scaled up to process a large volume of data with relatively low resources, as opposed to other existing algorithms. Tests show the feasibility and good results obtained by the diagnosis system created by the proposed methodology in LTE networks.

@article{KHATIB20157549,
title = {Data mining for fuzzy diagnosis systems in LTE networks},
journal = {Expert Systems with Applications},
volume = {42},
number = {21},
pages = {7549-7559},
year = {2015},
issn = {0957-4174},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2015.05.031},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417415003590},
author = {Emil J. Khatib and Raquel Barco and Ana Gomez-Andrades and Pablo Munoz and Inmaculada Serrano},
keywords = {Self-healing, Self-Organizing Networks, LTE, Data mining, Data driven learning, Supervised learning, Fault management, Fuzzy systems, Big Data},
abstract = {The recent developments in cellular networks, along with the increase in services, users and the demand of high quality have raised the Operational Expenditure (OPEX). Self-Organizing Networks (SON) are the solution to reduce these costs. Within SON, self-healing is the functionality that aims to automatically solve problems in the radio access network, at the same time reducing the downtime and the impact on the user experience. Self-healing comprises four main functions: fault detection, root cause analysis, fault compensation and recovery. To perform the root cause analysis (also known as diagnosis), Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS) are commonly used, such as fuzzy logic. In this paper, a novel method for extracting the Knowledge Base for a KBS from solved troubleshooting cases is proposed. This method is based on data mining techniques as opposed to the manual techniques currently used. The data mining problem of extracting knowledge out of LTE troubleshooting information can be considered a Big Data problem. Therefore, the proposed method has been designed so it can be easily scaled up to process a large volume of data with relatively low resources, as opposed to other existing algorithms. Tests show the feasibility and good results obtained by the diagnosis system created by the proposed methodology in LTE networks.},
impact = {(IF=2.98, Q1)}
}

"Dynamic Deployment of Small Cells in TV White Spaces", P. Ameigeiras, D. M. Gutierrez-Estevez, J. Navarro-Ortiz, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 64 (9), pp. 4063-4073, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2014.2361457

@Article{6915754,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and D. M. {Gutierrez-Estevez} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz}},  journal={{IEEE} Transactions on Vehicular Technology},   title={Dynamic Deployment of Small Cells in TV White Spaces},   year={2015},  volume={64},  number={9},  pages={4063-4073},  doi={10.1109/TVT.2014.2361457}, impact={(IF=2.642, Q1)}}

"Link-level access cloud architecture design based on SDN for 5G networks", P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-munoz, L. Schumacher, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-soler, IEEE Network, 29 (2), pp. 24-31, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/MNET.2015.7064899

@Article{7064899,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-munoz} and L. {Schumacher} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Network},   title={Link-level access cloud architecture design based on SDN for 5G networks},   year={2015},  volume={29},  number={2},  pages={24-31},  doi={10.1109/MNET.2015.7064899}, impact={(IF=2.899, Q1)}}

"Conflict Resolution Between Load Balancing and Handover Optimization in LTE Networks", P. Munoz, R. Barco, S. Fortes, IEEE Communications Letters, 18 (10), pp. 1795-1798, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2014.2350473

Self-Organizing Networks (SONs) aim to raise the level of automated management in cellular technologies. In this field, Load Balancing (LB) and Handover Optimization (HOO) are two important functions to improve network performance. As these two functions can adjust the same parameters, a conflict may happen if LB and HOO tune them at the same time. In this paper, the conflict resolution of both functions in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks is addressed. Results show that the proposed coordination effectively provides better performance in those situations in which the adjusted mobility parameter is close to its saturation.

@ARTICLE{6881623,
  author={P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and S. {Fortes}},
  journal={IEEE Communications Letters},
  title={Conflict Resolution Between Load Balancing and Handover Optimization in LTE Networks},
  year={2014},
  volume={18},
  number={10},
  pages={1795-1798},
  abstract={Self-Organizing Networks (SONs) aim to raise the level of automated management in cellular technologies. In this field, Load Balancing (LB) and Handover Optimization (HOO) are two important functions to improve network performance. As these two functions can adjust the same parameters, a conflict may happen if LB and HOO tune them at the same time. In this paper, the conflict resolution of both functions in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks is addressed. Results show that the proposed coordination effectively provides better performance in those situations in which the adjusted mobility parameter is close to its saturation.},
  keywords={Long Term Evolution;mobility management (mobile radio);optimisation;resource allocation;conflict resolution;load balancing;handover optimization;LTE networks;self organizing networks;automated management;cellular technologies;long term evolution networks;Optimization;Long Term Evolution;Handover;Heuristic algorithms;Load management;Self-organizing networks;Load Balancing;handover;self-organizing networks;long-term evolution},
  doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2014.2350473},
  ISSN={1558-2558},
  month={Oct}, impact = {(IF=1.26, Q2)}}

"Characteristics of mobile youtube traffic", J. J. Ramos-munoz, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-soler, IEEE Wireless Communications, 21 (1), pp. 18-25, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/MWC.2014.6757893

@Article{6757893,  author={J. J. {Ramos-munoz} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Wireless Communications},   title={Characteristics of mobile youtube traffic},   year={2014},  volume={21},  number={1},  pages={18-25},  doi={10.1109/MWC.2014.6757893}, impact={(IF=6.524, Q1)}}

"Removing redundant TCP functionalities in wired-cum-wireless networks with IEEE 802.11e HCCA support", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, International Journal of Communication Systems, 27 (11), pp. 3352-3367, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2546

SUMMARY The TCP was originally designed for wired networks, assuming transmission errors were negligible. Actually, any acknowledgment time-out unconditionally triggers the congestion control mechanism, even in wireless networks in which this assumption is not valid. Consequently, in wireless networks, TCP performance significantly degrades. To avoid this degradation, this paper proposes the so-called split TCP and UDP. In this approach, the access point splits the TCP connection and uses a customized and lighter transport protocol for the wireless segment. It takes advantage of the IEEE 802.11e Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) mechanisms to remove redundant TCP functionalities. Specifically, the HCCA scheduler allows disabling of the congestion control in the wireless link. Similarly, the IEEE 802.11e error control service makes possible to eliminate TCP acknowledgments, therefore reducing the TCP protocol overhead. Finally, the usage of an HCCA scheduler permits providing fairness among the different data flows. The proposed split scheme is evaluated via extensive simulations. Results show that split TCP and User Datagram Protocol outperforms the analyzed TCP flavors specifically designed for wireless environments and the split TCP solution, achieving up to 95\% of end-user throughput gain. Furthermore, the proposed solution is TCP friendly because TCP flows are not degraded by the presence of flows by using this approach. Copyright 2013 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

@Article{redundanttcp,
author = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
title = {Removing redundant TCP functionalities in wired-cum-wireless networks with {IEEE} 802.11e HCCA support},
journal = {International Journal of Communication Systems},
volume = {27},
number = {11},
pages = {3352-3367},
keywords = {802.11e, HCCA, performance enhancing proxy, TCP},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.2546},
eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/dac.2546},
abstract = {SUMMARY The TCP was originally designed for wired networks, assuming transmission errors were negligible. Actually, any acknowledgment time-out unconditionally triggers the congestion control mechanism, even in wireless networks in which this assumption is not valid. Consequently, in wireless networks, TCP performance significantly degrades. To avoid this degradation, this paper proposes the so-called split TCP and UDP. In this approach, the access point splits the TCP connection and uses a customized and lighter transport protocol for the wireless segment. It takes advantage of the {IEEE} 802.11e Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) mechanisms to remove redundant TCP functionalities. Specifically, the HCCA scheduler allows disabling of the congestion control in the wireless link. Similarly, the {IEEE} 802.11e error control service makes possible to eliminate TCP acknowledgments, therefore reducing the TCP protocol overhead. Finally, the usage of an HCCA scheduler permits providing fairness among the different data flows. The proposed split scheme is evaluated via extensive simulations. Results show that split TCP and User Datagram Protocol outperforms the analyzed TCP flavors specifically designed for wireless environments and the split TCP solution, achieving up to 95\% of end-user throughput gain. Furthermore, the proposed solution is TCP friendly because TCP flows are not degraded by the presence of flows by using this approach. Copyright 2013 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
year = {2014},
impact={(IF=1.463, Q3)}
}

"Dynamic traffic steering based on fuzzy Q-Learning approach in a multi-RAT multi-layer wireless network", P. Munoz, D. Laselva, R. Barco, P. Mogensen, Computer Networks, 71, pp. 100-116, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2014.06.003

The infrastructure of current cellular networks must evolve to cope with the increasing demand for mobile-broadband services. Heterogeneous networks are an attractive solution for operators to expand network capacity, based on deploying different Radio Access Technologies, cell sizes and carrier frequencies in the same environment. As a result, operators gain flexibility to distribute traffic across the different networks (or layers) in order to make a more efficient use of resources and enhance network performance. In this work, a dynamic traffic steering technique in multi-RAT multi-layer wireless networks is proposed. In particular, a fuzzy rule-based reinforcement learning algorithm modifies handover parameters according to a specific policy set by the operator, which typically searches for a trade-off between key performance indicators. Results show that the proposed optimization algorithm provides good flexibility to support different policies by simply adjusting some weighting factors. In addition, the Q-Learning algorithm is shown as an effective solution to adapt the network to context variations, such as those produced in the user spatial distribution.

@article{MUNOZ2014100,
title = {Dynamic traffic steering based on fuzzy Q-Learning approach in a multi-RAT multi-layer wireless network},
journal = {Computer Networks},
volume = {71},
pages = {100-116},
year = {2014},
issn = {1389-1286},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2014.06.003},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389128614002266},
author = {P. Munoz and D. Laselva and R. Barco and P. Mogensen},
keywords = {Traffic steering, Q-Learning, Fuzzy logic controller, Handover, Heterogeneous networks},
abstract = {The infrastructure of current cellular networks must evolve to cope with the increasing demand for mobile-broadband services. Heterogeneous networks are an attractive solution for operators to expand network capacity, based on deploying different Radio Access Technologies, cell sizes and carrier frequencies in the same environment. As a result, operators gain flexibility to distribute traffic across the different networks (or layers) in order to make a more efficient use of resources and enhance network performance. In this work, a dynamic traffic steering technique in multi-RAT multi-layer wireless networks is proposed. In particular, a fuzzy rule-based reinforcement learning algorithm modifies handover parameters according to a specific policy set by the operator, which typically searches for a trade-off between key performance indicators. Results show that the proposed optimization algorithm provides good flexibility to support different policies by simply adjusting some weighting factors. In addition, the Q-Learning algorithm is shown as an effective solution to adapt the network to context variations, such as those produced in the user spatial distribution.},
impact = {(IF=1.25, Q2)}
}

"Fuzzy Rule-Based Reinforcement Learning for Load Balancing Techniques in Enterprise LTE Femtocells", P. Munoz, R. Barco, J. M. Ruiz-Aviles, I. de la Bandera, A. Aguilar, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 62 (5), pp. 1962-1973, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2012.2234156

Mobile-broadband traffic has experienced a large increase over the past few years. Femtocells are envisioned to cope with such a demand of capacity in indoor environments. Since those small cells are low-cost nodes, a thorough deployment is not typically performed, particularly in enterprise scenarios. As a result, the matching between traffic demand and network resources is rarely optimal. In this paper, several load balancing techniques based on self-tuning of femtocell parameters are designed to solve localized congestion problems. In particular, these techniques are implemented by fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) and fuzzy rule-based reinforcement learning systems (FRLSs). Performance assessment is carried out in a dynamic system-level simulator. Results show that the combination of FLC and FRLS produces an increase in performance that is significantly higher than if techniques are implemented alone. Both the response time and the final value of performance indicators are improved.

@ARTICLE{6384872,
  author={P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and J. M. {Ruiz-Aviles} and I. {de la Bandera} and A. {Aguilar}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={Fuzzy Rule-Based Reinforcement Learning for Load Balancing Techniques in Enterprise LTE Femtocells},
  year={2013},
  volume={62},
  number={5},
  pages={1962-1973},
  abstract={Mobile-broadband traffic has experienced a large increase over the past few years. Femtocells are envisioned to cope with such a demand of capacity in indoor environments. Since those small cells are low-cost nodes, a thorough deployment is not typically performed, particularly in enterprise scenarios. As a result, the matching between traffic demand and network resources is rarely optimal. In this paper, several load balancing techniques based on self-tuning of femtocell parameters are designed to solve localized congestion problems. In particular, these techniques are implemented by fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) and fuzzy rule-based reinforcement learning systems (FRLSs). Performance assessment is carried out in a dynamic system-level simulator. Results show that the combination of FLC and FRLS produces an increase in performance that is significantly higher than if techniques are implemented alone. Both the response time and the final value of performance indicators are improved.},
  keywords={broadband networks;femtocellular radio;fuzzy control;indoor radio;learning (artificial intelligence);Long Term Evolution;telecommunication computing;telecommunication congestion control;telecommunication traffic;load balancing;enterprise LTE femtocell;mobile-broadband traffic;indoor environment;traffic demand;femtocell parameter self-tuning;localized congestion problem;fuzzy logic controller;FLC;fuzzy rule-based reinforcement learning system;FRLS;performance assessment;dynamic system-level simulator;Load management;Femtocells;Algorithm design and analysis;Interference;Optimization;Femtocell;fuzzy logic controller (FLC);Fuzzy Q-Learning;handover (HO);load balancing;self-optimization},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2012.2234156},
  ISSN={1939-9359},
  month={Jun}, impact = {(IF=2.64, Q1)}}

"On the Potential of Handover Parameter Optimization for Self-Organizing Networks", P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. de la Bandera, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 62 (5), pp. 1895-1905, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2013.2247778

Self-organizing networks (SONs) aim to raise the level of automated operation in next-generation networks. One of the use cases defined in this field is the optimization of the handover (HO) process, which involves a tradeoff between the amount of signaling load due to HOs and the quality of the active connections in the network. In this paper, first, a sensitivity analysis of the two main HO parameters, i.e., the HO margin (HOM) and the time-to-trigger (TTT), is carried out for different system load levels and user speeds in a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network. Second, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) that adaptively modifies HOMs is designed for HO optimization. In this case, different parameter optimization levels (network-wide, cell-wide, and cell-pair-wide) and the impact of measurement errors have been considered. Results of the sensitivity analysis show that tuning HOMs is an effective solution for HO optimization in LTE networks. In addition, the FLC is shown as an effective technique to adapt HOM to different network conditions so that the signaling load in the network is decreased while an admissible level of call dropping is achieved.

@ARTICLE{6464608,
  author={P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and I. {de la Bandera}},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
  title={On the Potential of Handover Parameter Optimization for Self-Organizing Networks},
  year={2013},
  volume={62},
  number={5},
  pages={1895-1905},
  abstract={Self-organizing networks (SONs) aim to raise the level of automated operation in next-generation networks. One of the use cases defined in this field is the optimization of the handover (HO) process, which involves a tradeoff between the amount of signaling load due to HOs and the quality of the active connections in the network. In this paper, first, a sensitivity analysis of the two main HO parameters, i.e., the HO margin (HOM) and the time-to-trigger (TTT), is carried out for different system load levels and user speeds in a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network. Second, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) that adaptively modifies HOMs is designed for HO optimization. In this case, different parameter optimization levels (network-wide, cell-wide, and cell-pair-wide) and the impact of measurement errors have been considered. Results of the sensitivity analysis show that tuning HOMs is an effective solution for HO optimization in LTE networks. In addition, the FLC is shown as an effective technique to adapt HOM to different network conditions so that the signaling load in the network is decreased while an admissible level of call dropping is achieved.},
  keywords={fuzzy control;Long Term Evolution;mobility management (mobile radio);sensitivity analysis;telecommunication control;handover parameter optimization;self-organizing networks;SON;next-generation networks;hand-over process;sensitivity analysis;HO margin;time-to-trigger;long-term evolution;fuzzy logic controller;FLC;HO optimization;parameter optimization levels;network-wide;cell-wide;cell-pair-wide;measurement errors;LTE networks;signaling load;call dropping;Optimization;Fuzzy logic;Handover;Sensitivity analysis;Algorithm design and analysis;Fuzzy sets;Fuzzy logic controller (FLC);handover (HO);Long-Term Evolution (LTE);self-optimization},
  doi={10.1109/TVT.2013.2247778},
  ISSN={1939-9359},
  month={Jun},impact={(IF=2.64, Q1)}
}

"Mobility-based strategies for traffic steering in heterogeneous networks", P. Munoz, R. Barco, D. Laselva, P. Mogensen, IEEE Communications Magazine, 51 (5), pp. 54-62, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2013.6515047

The large increase in size and complexity experienced by cellular networks in recent years has led to a new paradigm known as heterogeneous networks, or HetNets. In this context, networks with different cell sizes, radio access technologies, or carrier frequencies can be deployed in the same environment. As the coverage area of each of these networks is typically overlapped, operators have some degree of freedom to modify user distributions across the networks (i.e., traffic steering) in order to improve network performance. This article introduces different mechanisms of traffic steering in HetNets, clarifying the specific goals that operators can set and focusing on those techniques that adjust mobility parameters, which are typically more attractive to achieve these goals. In addition, some challenging issues arising from particular HetNet deployments are discussed and illustrated by example use cases, which are applicable to an early stage of LTE deployment. Finally, a fuzzy-logic-based algorithm that optimizes network parameters for traffic steering is proposed.

@ARTICLE{6515047,
  author={P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and D. {Laselva} and P. {Mogensen}},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={Mobility-based strategies for traffic steering in heterogeneous networks},
  year={2013},
  volume={51},
  number={5},
  pages={54-62},
  abstract={The large increase in size and complexity experienced by cellular networks in recent years has led to a new paradigm known as heterogeneous networks, or HetNets. In this context, networks with different cell sizes, radio access technologies, or carrier frequencies can be deployed in the same environment. As the coverage area of each of these networks is typically overlapped, operators have some degree of freedom to modify user distributions across the networks (i.e., traffic steering) in order to improve network performance. This article introduces different mechanisms of traffic steering in HetNets, clarifying the specific goals that operators can set and focusing on those techniques that adjust mobility parameters, which are typically more attractive to achieve these goals. In addition, some challenging issues arising from particular HetNet deployments are discussed and illustrated by example use cases, which are applicable to an early stage of LTE deployment. Finally, a fuzzy-logic-based algorithm that optimizes network parameters for traffic steering is proposed.},
  keywords={cellular radio;fuzzy logic;Long Term Evolution;mobility management (mobile radio);telecommunication network reliability;telecommunication traffic;mobility-based strategy;cellular network;heterogeneous network;HetNets;cell size;radio access technology;carrier frequency;network coverage area;network user distribution;traffic steering;network performance;mobility parameter;LTE deployment;fuzzy-logic-based algorithm;network parameter;Macrocell networks;Computer architecture;Microprocessors;Cellular networks;Data communication;Long Term Evolution;Data transfer},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2013.6515047},
  ISSN={1558-1896},
  month={May},impact={(IF=4.46, Q1)}
}

"Adjustment of mobility parameters for traffic steering in multi-RAT multi-layer wireless networks", P. Munoz, D. Laselva, R. Barco, P. Mogensen, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2013-133

Mobile broadband traffic has been increasing in the last years. To cope with such traffic demand, heterogeneous networks are an effective solution characterized by deploying networks with different cell sizes, radio access technologies (RATs) and carrier frequencies. Since the coverage area of these networks (or layers) is partially overlapped, users can be steered to a specific layer in order to improve network performance. In this work, two mechanisms of traffic steering are analyzed in a realistic high-speed packet access/long-term evolution deployment scenario, where the objective is to offload traffic from the macro-layer to pico-cells. In idle mode, i.e., the state in which no dedicated resources have been established for the user, a static adjustment of the layer priorities in the cell reselection algorithm is performed. In connected mode, where dedicated resources have been established, the parameters of the inter-RAT handover triggering condition are statically adjusted to offload the macro-layer. Simulation results show that further offloading can be achieved by modifying these algorithms so that user satisfaction is improved.

@ARTICLE{Pmunoz2013qwe,
  author={P. {Munoz} and D. {Laselva} and R. {Barco} and P. {Mogensen}},
  journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
  title={Adjustment of mobility parameters for traffic steering in multi-RAT multi-layer wireless networks},
  year={2013},
  number={133},
abstract = {Mobile broadband traffic has been increasing in the last years. To cope with such traffic demand, heterogeneous networks are an effective solution characterized by deploying networks with different cell sizes, radio access technologies (RATs) and carrier frequencies. Since the coverage area of these networks (or layers) is partially overlapped, users can be steered to a specific layer in order to improve network performance. In this work, two mechanisms of traffic steering are analyzed in a realistic high-speed packet access/long-term evolution deployment scenario, where the objective is to offload traffic from the macro-layer to pico-cells. In idle mode, i.e., the state in which no dedicated resources have been established for the user, a static adjustment of the layer priorities in the cell reselection algorithm is performed. In connected mode, where dedicated resources have been established, the parameters of the inter-RAT handover triggering condition are statically adjusted to offload the macro-layer. Simulation results show that further offloading can be achieved by modifying these algorithms so that user satisfaction is improved.},
url = {https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/1687-1499-2013-133},
doi={https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2013-133},
  month={May},impact={(IF=0.80, Q3)}
}

"Optimization of load balancing using fuzzy Q-Learning for next generation wireless networks", P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. de la Bandera, Expert Systems with Applications, 40 (4), pp. 984-994, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.08.071

Load balancing is considered by the 3GPP as an important issue in Self-Organizing Networks due to its effectiveness to increase network capacity. In next generation wireless networks, load balancing can be easily implemented by tuning handover (HO) margins, achieving a decrease in call blocking. However, call dropping can be increased as a negative effect of the HO-based load balancing, because users usually are handed over to cells where the radio conditions are worse. In this work, a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) optimized by the fuzzy Q-Learning algorithm is proposed for the load balancing problem, with the aim of decreasing call blocking in congested cells, while at the same time restricting call dropping in neighboring cells according to the network policy. In particular, two different approaches for the FLC optimization are evaluated in this work, highlighting that one of the proposed methods allows to accurately preserve the call quality constraint during the load balancing, while the other can adapt to network variations. Results show that the optimized FLC provides a notable reduction in call blocking while preserving call dropping under the operator constraint.

@article{MUNOZ2013984,
title = {Optimization of load balancing using fuzzy Q-Learning for next generation wireless networks},
journal = {Expert Systems with Applications},
volume = {40},
number = {4},
pages = {984-994},
year = {2013},
issn = {0957-4174},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.08.071},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417412010445},
author = {P. Munoz and R. Barco and I. {de la Bandera}},
keywords = {Fuzzy Q-Learning, Fuzzy Logic Controller, Handover, Load balancing},
abstract = {Load balancing is considered by the 3GPP as an important issue in Self-Organizing Networks due to its effectiveness to increase network capacity. In next generation wireless networks, load balancing can be easily implemented by tuning handover (HO) margins, achieving a decrease in call blocking. However, call dropping can be increased as a negative effect of the HO-based load balancing, because users usually are handed over to cells where the radio conditions are worse. In this work, a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) optimized by the fuzzy Q-Learning algorithm is proposed for the load balancing problem, with the aim of decreasing call blocking in congested cells, while at the same time restricting call dropping in neighboring cells according to the network policy. In particular, two different approaches for the FLC optimization are evaluated in this work, highlighting that one of the proposed methods allows to accurately preserve the call quality constraint during the load balancing, while the other can adapt to network variations. Results show that the optimized FLC provides a notable reduction in call blocking while preserving call dropping under the operator constraint.},
impact = {(IF=1.96, Q1)}
}

"A QoE-Aware Scheduler for HTTP Progressive Video in OFDMA Systems", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, J. Lorca-Hernando, Q. Perez-Tarrero, R. Garcia-Perez, IEEE Communications Letters, 17 (4), pp. 677-680, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2013.021913.122716

@Article{6511522,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and J. {Lorca-Hernando} and Q. {Perez-Tarrero} and R. {Garcia-Perez}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Letters},   title={A QoE-Aware Scheduler for HTTP Progressive Video in OFDMA Systems},   year={2013},  volume={17},  number={4},  pages={677-680},  doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2013.021913.122716}, impact={(IF=1.463, Q2)}}

"DARGOS: A highly adaptable and scalable monitoring architecture for multi-tenant Clouds", Javier Povedano-Molina, Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Antonio Corradi, Luca Foschini, Future Generation Computer Systems, 29 (8), pp. 2041-2056, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2013.04.022

One of the most important features in Cloud environments is to know the status and the availability of the physical resources and services present in the current infrastructure. A full knowledge and control of the current status of those resources enables Cloud administrators to design better Cloud provisioning strategies and to avoid SLA violations. However, it is not easy to manage such information in a reliable and scalable way, especially when we consider Cloud environments used and shared by several tenants and when we need to harmonize their different monitoring needs at different Cloud software stack layers. To cope with these issues, we propose Distributed Architecture for Resource manaGement and mOnitoring in cloudS (DARGOS), a completely distributed and highly efficient Cloud monitoring architecture to disseminate resource monitoring information. DARGOS ensures an accurate measurement of physical and virtual resources in the Cloud keeping at the same time a low overhead. In addition, DARGOS is flexible and adaptable and allows defining and monitoring new metrics easily. The proposed monitoring architecture and related tools have been integrated into a real Cloud deployment based on the OpenStack platform: they are openly available for the research community and include a Web-based customizable Cloud monitoring console. We report experimental results to assess our architecture and quantitatively compare it with a selection of other Cloud monitoring systems similar to ours showing that DARGOS introduces a very limited and scalable monitoring overhead.

@article{POVEDANOMOLINA20132041,
title = {DARGOS: A highly adaptable and scalable monitoring architecture for multi-tenant Clouds},
journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems},
volume = {29},
number = {8},
pages = {2041-2056},
year = {2013},
note = {Including Special sections: Advanced Cloud Monitoring Systems & The fourth IEEE International Conference on e-Science 2011 e-Science Applications and Tools & Cluster, Grid, and Cloud Computing},
issn = {0167-739X},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2013.04.022},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X13000824},
author = {Javier Povedano-Molina and Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and Antonio Corradi and Luca Foschini},
keywords = {Cloud monitoring, Cloud management, Data-centric communications, Publish-subscribe, DDS, Distributed Cloud management},
abstract = {One of the most important features in Cloud environments is to know the status and the availability of the physical resources and services present in the current infrastructure. A full knowledge and control of the current status of those resources enables Cloud administrators to design better Cloud provisioning strategies and to avoid SLA violations. However, it is not easy to manage such information in a reliable and scalable way, especially when we consider Cloud environments used and shared by several tenants and when we need to harmonize their different monitoring needs at different Cloud software stack layers. To cope with these issues, we propose Distributed Architecture for Resource manaGement and mOnitoring in cloudS (DARGOS), a completely distributed and highly efficient Cloud monitoring architecture to disseminate resource monitoring information. DARGOS ensures an accurate measurement of physical and virtual resources in the Cloud keeping at the same time a low overhead. In addition, DARGOS is flexible and adaptable and allows defining and monitoring new metrics easily. The proposed monitoring architecture and related tools have been integrated into a real Cloud deployment based on the OpenStack platform: they are openly available for the research community and include a Web-based customizable Cloud monitoring console. We report experimental results to assess our architecture and quantitatively compare it with a selection of other Cloud monitoring systems similar to ours showing that DARGOS introduces a very limited and scalable monitoring overhead.},
impact={(IF=2.639, Q1)}}

"RELOAD extension for data discovery and transfer in data-centric publish/subscribe environments", Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Gonzalo Camarillo, Javier Povedano-Molina, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Computer Standards & Interfaces, 36 (1), pp. 110-121, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2013.06.006

Data-Centric Publish-Subscribe (DCPS) is an architectural and communication paradigm where applications exchange data-content through a common data-space using publish-subscribe interactions. Due to its focus on data-content, DCPS is especially suitable for deploying IoT systems. However, some problems must be solved to support large deployments. In this paper we define a novel extension to the IETF REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) protocol specification for providing content discovery and transfer in big scale IoT deployments. We have conducted a set of experiments over multiple simulated networks of 500 to 10,000 nodes that demonstrate the viability, scalability, and robustness of our proposal.

@article{LOPEZVEGA2013110,
title = {RELOAD extension for data discovery and transfer in data-centric publish/subscribe environments},
journal = {Computer Standards & Interfaces},
volume = {36},
number = {1},
pages = {110-121},
year = {2013},
issn = {0920-5489},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2013.06.006},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920548913000743},
author = {Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Gonzalo Camarillo and Javier Povedano-Molina and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {Data-centric, Publish-subscribe, Discovery, Rendezvous, Reload, DDS},
abstract = {Data-Centric Publish-Subscribe (DCPS) is an architectural and communication paradigm where applications exchange data-content through a common data-space using publish-subscribe interactions. Due to its focus on data-content, DCPS is especially suitable for deploying IoT systems. However, some problems must be solved to support large deployments. In this paper we define a novel extension to the IETF REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) protocol specification for providing content discovery and transfer in big scale IoT deployments. We have conducted a set of experiments over multiple simulated networks of 500 to 10,000 nodes that demonstrate the viability, scalability, and robustness of our proposal.},impact={(IF=1,17,Q2)}}

"A content-aware bridging service for publish/subscribe environments", Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Javier Povedano-Molina, Gerardo Pardo-Castellote, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Journal of Systems and Software, 86 (1), pp. 108-124, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2012.07.033

The OMG DDS (Data Distribution Service) standard specifies a middleware for distributing real-time data using a publish-subscribe data-centric approach. Until now, DDS systems have been restricted to a single and isolated DDS domain, normally deployed within a single multicast-enabled LAN. As systems grow larger, the need to interconnect different DDS domains arises. In this paper, we consider the problem of communicating disjoint data-spaces that may use different schemas to refer to similar information. In this regard, we propose a DDS interconnection service capable of bridging DDS domains as well as adapting between different data schemas. A key benefit of our approach is that is compliant with the latest OMG specifications, thus the proposed service does not require any modifications to DDS applications. The paper identifies the requirements for DDS data-spaces interconnection, presents an architecture that responds to those requirements, and concludes with experimental results gathered on our prototype implementation. We show that the impact of the service on the communications performance is well within the acceptable limits for most real-world uses of DDS (latency overhead is of the order of hundreds of microseconds). Reported results also indicate that our service interconnects remote data-spaces efficiently and reduces the network traffic almost N times, with N being the number of final data subscribers.

@article{LOPEZVEGA2013108,
title = {A content-aware bridging service for publish/subscribe environments},
journal = {Journal of Systems and Software},
volume = {86},
number = {1},
pages = {108-124},
year = {2013},
issn = {0164-1212},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2012.07.033},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0164121212002142},
author = {Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Javier Povedano-Molina and Gerardo Pardo-Castellote and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {Bridging, Interoperability, Data Distribution Service, Middleware, Network communications},
abstract = {The OMG DDS (Data Distribution Service) standard specifies a middleware for distributing real-time data using a publish-subscribe data-centric approach. Until now, DDS systems have been restricted to a single and isolated DDS domain, normally deployed within a single multicast-enabled LAN. As systems grow larger, the need to interconnect different DDS domains arises. In this paper, we consider the problem of communicating disjoint data-spaces that may use different schemas to refer to similar information. In this regard, we propose a DDS interconnection service capable of bridging DDS domains as well as adapting between different data schemas. A key benefit of our approach is that is compliant with the latest OMG specifications, thus the proposed service does not require any modifications to DDS applications. The paper identifies the requirements for DDS data-spaces interconnection, presents an architecture that responds to those requirements, and concludes with experimental results gathered on our prototype implementation. We show that the impact of the service on the communications performance is well within the acceptable limits for most real-world uses of DDS (latency overhead is of the order of hundreds of microseconds). Reported results also indicate that our service interconnects remote data-spaces efficiently and reduces the network traffic almost N times, with N being the number of final data subscribers.}, impact={(IF=1.245, Q2)}}

"A unified framework for self-healing in wireless networks", R. Barco, P. Lazaro, P. Munoz, IEEE Communications Magazine, 50 (12), pp. 134-142, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2012.6384463

Future wireless networks will be Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet), as they will comprise multiple Radio Access Technologies (RAT) and network architectures. The complexity of managing and operating such networks is forcing operators to find new strategies if they want to remain competitive. In this context, Self-Organizing Networks (SON) have arisen as one of the key technologies for enhancing operation and minimizing costs in future networks. SON functionalities can be classified as self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing. Although the first two categories have received considerable attention in the last years, the studies devoted to self-healing have been scarce. In addition, existing references use different terminology and concepts and they focus only on partial aspects of self-healing for a particular RAT. This article unifies previous research and proposes a reference model for self-healing in which terms and functions are unambiguously defined. In addition, this article presents a survey on the state of the art, in which the main references on self-healing are outlined. Finally, the main research challenges in self-healing that will have to be faced in the near future are summarized.

@ARTICLE{6384463,
  author={R. {Barco} and P. {Lazaro} and P. {Munoz}},
  journal={IEEE Communications Magazine},
  title={A unified framework for self-healing in wireless networks},
  year={2012},
  volume={50},
  number={12},
  pages={134-142},
  abstract={Future wireless networks will be Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet), as they will comprise multiple Radio Access Technologies (RAT) and network architectures. The complexity of managing and operating such networks is forcing operators to find new strategies if they want to remain competitive. In this context, Self-Organizing Networks (SON) have arisen as one of the key technologies for enhancing operation and minimizing costs in future networks. SON functionalities can be classified as self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing. Although the first two categories have received considerable attention in the last years, the studies devoted to self-healing have been scarce. In addition, existing references use different terminology and concepts and they focus only on partial aspects of self-healing for a particular RAT. This article unifies previous research and proposes a reference model for self-healing in which terms and functions are unambiguously defined. In addition, this article presents a survey on the state of the art, in which the main references on self-healing are outlined. Finally, the main research challenges in self-healing that will have to be faced in the near future are summarized.},
  keywords={radio access networks;unified framework;self-healing;wireless networks;Heterogeneous Networks;HetNet;Radio Access Technologies;RAT;network architectures;Self-Organizing Networks;SON;self-configuration;self-optimization;Fault diagnosis;Telecommunication network management;Internet;Interference;Wireless networks;Base stations;Radiation detectors},
  doi={10.1109/MCOM.2012.6384463},
  ISSN={1558-1896},
  month={December},
impact = {(IF=3.66, Q1)}
}

"Traffic models impact on OFDMA scheduling design", Pablo Ameigeiras, Yuanye Wang, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Preben E. Mogensen, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2012 (1), pp. 61, 2012. DOI: 10.1186/1687-1499-2012-61

This article studies the impact on the design of scheduling algorithms for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems of two traffic models described in the evaluation methodology proposals from standardization bodies: the full buffer and the finite buffer traffic models. The analysis concentrates on utility-based scheduling with an \^I\textpm-fair utility function for Non-Real Time (NRT) services. The results show that a gradient scheduling algorithm is able to maximize the aggregate utility over all the users when the less realistic full buffer model is adopted; but not when the finite buffer model is applied. The results also show that with the full buffer model a gradient scheduler exhibits a trade-off between average user throughput and the user throughput at 5\% outage, but it does not when the more realistic finite buffer is used. Therefore, it is concluded that designs of scheduling algorithms for NRT services for OFDMA systems carried out under the full buffer model assumption may fail to provide the desired performance benefits in realistic scenarios. Based on the results presented, a recommendation on scheduling design is provided.

@Article{Ameigeiras2012,
author={Ameigeiras, Pablo
and Wang, Yuanye
and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge
and Mogensen, Preben E.
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
title={Traffic models impact on OFDMA scheduling design},
journal={EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking},
year={2012},
month={Feb},
day={24},
volume={2012},
number={1},
pages={61},
abstract={This article studies the impact on the design of scheduling algorithms for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems of two traffic models described in the evaluation methodology proposals from standardization bodies: the full buffer and the finite buffer traffic models. The analysis concentrates on utility-based scheduling with an {\^I}{\textpm}-fair utility function for Non-Real Time (NRT) services. The results show that a gradient scheduling algorithm is able to maximize the aggregate utility over all the users when the less realistic full buffer model is adopted; but not when the finite buffer model is applied. The results also show that with the full buffer model a gradient scheduler exhibits a trade-off between average user throughput and the user throughput at 5{\%} outage, but it does not when the more realistic finite buffer is used. Therefore, it is concluded that designs of scheduling algorithms for NRT services for OFDMA systems carried out under the full buffer model assumption may fail to provide the desired performance benefits in realistic scenarios. Based on the results presented, a recommendation on scheduling design is provided.},
issn={1687-1499},
doi={10.1186/1687-1499-2012-61},
impact={(IF=0.540, Q3)}
}

"Design of a Computationally Efficient Dynamic System-Level Simulator for Enterprise LTE Femtocell Scenarios", J. M. Ruiz-Aviles, S. Luna-Ramirez, M. Toril, F. Ruiz, I. de la Bandera, P. Munoz, R. Barco, P. Lazaro, V. Buenestado, Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2012, pp. 14, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/802606

In the context of Long-Term Evolution (LTE), the next generation mobile telecommunication network, femtocells are low-power base stations that efficiently provide coverage and capacity indoors. This paper presents a computationally efficient dynamic system-level LTE simulator for enterprise femtocell scenarios. The simulator includes specific mobility and traffic and propagation models for indoor environments. A physical layer abstraction is performed to predict link-layer performance with low computational cost. At link layer, two important functions are included to increase network capacity: Link Adaptation and Dynamic Scheduling. At network layer, other Radio Resource Management functionalities, such as Admission Control and Mobility Management, are also included. The resulting tool can be used to test and validate optimization algorithms in the context of Self-Organizing Networks (SON).

@article{PMunoz2012,
title = {Design of a Computationally Efficient Dynamic System-Level Simulator for Enterprise LTE Femtocell Scenarios},
journal = {Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering},
author = {J. M. Ruiz-Aviles and S. Luna-Ramirez and M. Toril and F. Ruiz and I. de la Bandera and P. Munoz and R. Barco and P. Lazaro and V. Buenestado},
volume = {2012},
pages = {14},
year = {2012},
issn = {1018-4864},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/802606},
url = {https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jece/2012/802606/},
abstract = {In the context of Long-Term Evolution (LTE), the next generation mobile telecommunication network, femtocells are low-power base stations that efficiently provide coverage and capacity indoors. This paper presents a computationally efficient dynamic system-level LTE simulator for enterprise femtocell scenarios. The simulator includes specific mobility and traffic and propagation models for indoor environments. A physical layer abstraction is performed to predict link-layer performance with low computational cost. At link layer, two important functions are included to increase network capacity: Link Adaptation and Dynamic Scheduling. At network layer, other Radio Resource Management functionalities, such as Admission Control and Mobility Management, are also included. The resulting tool can be used to test and validate optimization algorithms in the context of Self-Organizing Networks (SON).}
}

"A Simple Model for Predicting the Number and Duration of Rebuffering Events for YouTube Flows", P. Ameigeiras, A. Azcona-Rivas, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Communications Letters, 16 (2), pp. 278-280, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2011.121311.111682

@Article{6109192,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and A. {Azcona-Rivas} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={{IEEE} Communications Letters},   title={A Simple Model for Predicting the Number and Duration of Rebuffering Events for YouTube Flows},   year={2012},  volume={16},  number={2},  pages={278-280},  doi={10.1109/LCOMM.2011.121311.111682}, impact={(IF=1.16, Q2)}}

"Analysis and modelling of YouTube traffic", Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, J.M. Lopez-Soler, Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 23 (4), pp. 360-377, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.2546

ABSTRACT YouTube currently accounts for a significant percentage of the Internet's global traffic. Hence, understanding the characteristics of the YouTube traffic generation pattern can provide a significant advantage in predicting user video quality and in enhancing network design. In this paper, we present a characterisation of the traffic generated by YouTube when accessed from a regular PC. On the basis of this characterisation, a YouTube server traffic generation model is proposed, which, for example, can be easily implemented in simulation tools. The derived characterisation and model are based on experimental evaluations of traffic generated by the application layer of YouTube servers. A YouTube server commences the download with an initial burst and later throttles down the generation rate. If the available bandwidth is reduced (e.g. in the presence of network congestion), the server behaves as if the data excess that cannot be transmitted because of the reduced bandwidth were accumulated at a server's buffer, which is later drained if the bandwidth availability is recovered. As we will show, the video clip encoding rate plays a relevant role in determining the traffic generation rate, and therefore, a cumulative density function for the most viewed video clips will be presented. The proposed traffic generation model was implemented in a YouTube emulation server, and the generated synthetic traffic traces were compared with downloads from the original YouTube server. The results show that the relative error between downloads from the emulation server and the original server does not exceed 6\% for the 90\% of the considered videos. Copyright 2012 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

@Article{analysisyoutube,
author = {Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Lopez-Soler, J.M.},
title = {Analysis and modelling of YouTube traffic},
journal = {Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies},
volume = {23},
number = {4},
pages = {360-377},
keywords = {YouTube, YouTube traffic generation, progressive download, YouTube data rate, YouTube application flow control, progressive download traffic generation},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.2546},
eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ett.2546},
abstract = {ABSTRACT YouTube currently accounts for a significant percentage of the Internet's global traffic. Hence, understanding the characteristics of the YouTube traffic generation pattern can provide a significant advantage in predicting user video quality and in enhancing network design. In this paper, we present a characterisation of the traffic generated by YouTube when accessed from a regular PC. On the basis of this characterisation, a YouTube server traffic generation model is proposed, which, for example, can be easily implemented in simulation tools. The derived characterisation and model are based on experimental evaluations of traffic generated by the application layer of YouTube servers. A YouTube server commences the download with an initial burst and later throttles down the generation rate. If the available bandwidth is reduced (e.g. in the presence of network congestion), the server behaves as if the data excess that cannot be transmitted because of the reduced bandwidth were accumulated at a server's buffer, which is later drained if the bandwidth availability is recovered. As we will show, the video clip encoding rate plays a relevant role in determining the traffic generation rate, and therefore, a cumulative density function for the most viewed video clips will be presented. The proposed traffic generation model was implemented in a YouTube emulation server, and the generated synthetic traffic traces were compared with downloads from the original YouTube server. The results show that the relative error between downloads from the emulation server and the original server does not exceed 6\% for the 90\% of the considered videos. Copyright 2012 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
year = {2012},
impact={(IF=1.05, Q4)}
}

"User-Level Quality Assessment of a Delay-Aware Packet Dropping Scheme for VoIP", Erika Patricia Alvarez-Flores, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Network Protocols and Algorithms, 3 (3), pp. 38-66, 2011. DOI: 10.5296/npa.v3i3.1113

To deal with congestion control in internet protocol (IP) networks, different active queue management schemes have been successfully proposed. However, many of these schemes do not take into consideration the particular Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) requirements, thereby potentially penalizing this traffic. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a dropping packet selection algorithm for queue management schemes. This algorithm, called Drop-SwD, protects VoIP traffic without affecting other User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic. Additionally, to preserve the quality of the VoIP service, the proposed algorithm selects the lowest quality packets (with less impact on the subjective quality) to be dropped.The application of the algorithm in different active queue management schemes is evaluated using objective and subjective quality metrics and intelligibility metrics as well. As a result, we show that Drop-SwD improves the final quality of the voice packets flow, without degrading the performance of other traffic class, with respect to the packet dropping schemes of reference.

@Article{alvarezflores2011,
	title = {User-{Level} {Quality} {Assessment} of a {Delay}-{Aware} {Packet} {Dropping} {Scheme} for {VoIP}},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {Copyright (c)},
	issn = {1943-3581},
	doi = {10.5296/npa.v3i3.1113},
	abstract = {To deal with congestion control in internet protocol (IP) networks, different active queue management schemes have been successfully proposed. However, many of these schemes do not take into consideration the particular Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) requirements, thereby potentially penalizing this traffic. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a dropping packet selection algorithm for queue management schemes. This algorithm, called Drop-SwD, protects VoIP traffic without affecting other User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic. Additionally, to preserve the quality of the VoIP service, the proposed algorithm selects the lowest quality packets (with less impact on the subjective quality) to be dropped.The application of the algorithm in different active queue management schemes is evaluated using objective and subjective quality metrics and intelligibility metrics as well. As a result, we show that Drop-SwD improves the final quality of the voice packets flow, without degrading the performance of other traffic class, with respect to the packet dropping schemes of reference.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2021-03-21},
	journal = {Network Protocols and Algorithms},
	author = {Alvarez-Flores, Erika Patricia and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
	month = December,
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {AQM, Dropping, QoE, QoS, Service Differentiation, VoIP.},
	pages = {38-66},
}

"Bloom filter-based discovery protocol for DDS middleware", Javier Sanchez-Monedero, Javier Povedano-Molina, Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 71 (10), pp. 1305-1317, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2011.05.001

The Data Distribution Service (DDS) middleware has recently been standardized by the OMG. Prior to data communication, a discovery protocol had to locate and obtain remote DDS entities and their attributes. Specifically, DDS discovery matches the DataWriters (DWs) and DataReaders (DRs) entities (Endpoints) situated in different network nodes. DDS specification does not specify how this discovery is translated into the wire. To provide interoperability and transparency between different DDS implementations, the OMG has standardized the DDS Interoperability Wire Protocol (DDS-RTPS). Any compliant DDS-RTPS implementation must support at least the SDP (Simple Discovery Protocol). The SDP works in relatively small or medium networks but it may not scale as the number of DDS Endpoints increases. This paper addresses the design and evaluation of an SDP alternative which uses Bloom Filters (BF) that increases DDS scalability. BFs use Hash functions for space-efficient probabilistic data set representation. We provide both analytical and experimental studies. Results show that our approach can improve the discovery process (in terms of network load and node resource consumption), especially in those scenarios with large Endpoint per Participant ratios.

@article{SANCHEZMONEDERO20111305,
title = {Bloom filter-based discovery protocol for DDS middleware},
journal = {Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing},
volume = {71},
number = {10},
pages = {1305-1317},
year = {2011},
issn = {0743-7315},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2011.05.001},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743731511000876},
author = {Javier Sanchez-Monedero and Javier Povedano-Molina and Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {DDS, Data Distribution Service, Discovery, Middleware, Bloom filter, Peer-to-peer, RTPS},
abstract = {The Data Distribution Service (DDS) middleware has recently been standardized by the OMG. Prior to data communication, a discovery protocol had to locate and obtain remote DDS entities and their attributes. Specifically, DDS discovery matches the DataWriters (DWs) and DataReaders (DRs) entities (Endpoints) situated in different network nodes. DDS specification does not specify how this discovery is translated into the wire. To provide interoperability and transparency between different DDS implementations, the OMG has standardized the DDS Interoperability Wire Protocol (DDS-RTPS). Any compliant DDS-RTPS implementation must support at least the SDP (Simple Discovery Protocol). The SDP works in relatively small or medium networks but it may not scale as the number of DDS Endpoints increases. This paper addresses the design and evaluation of an SDP alternative which uses Bloom Filters (BF) that increases DDS scalability. BFs use Hash functions for space-efficient probabilistic data set representation. We provide both analytical and experimental studies. Results show that our approach can improve the discovery process (in terms of network load and node resource consumption), especially in those scenarios with large Endpoint per Participant ratios.}, impact={(IF=1.08, Q2)}}

"Computationally-Efficient Design of a Dynamic System-Level LTE Simulator", Pablo Muioz, Isabel de la Bandera, Fernando Ruiz, Salvador Luna-Ramirez, Raquel Barco, Matias Toril, Pedro Lazaro, Jaime Rodriguez, International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications, 57 (3), 2011. DOI: 10.2478/v10177-011-0047-2

@article{MunozPabloComputationallyEfficient2011,
 author={Muioz, Pablo and de la Bandera, Isabel and Ruiz, Fernando and Luna-Ramirez, Salvador and Barco, Raquel and Toril, Matias and Lazaro, Pedro and Rodriguez, Jaime},
 volume={57},
 number={3},
  journal={International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications},
 year={2011},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences Committee of Electronics and Telecommunications},
 title={Computationally-Efficient Design of a Dynamic System-Level LTE Simulator},
 doi={10.2478/v10177-011-0047-2}
}

"Selective Packet Dropping for VoIP and TCP Flows", Erika P. Alvarez Flores, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Telecommunication Systems Journal, 46 (1), 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-009-9252-z

The adoption of the IP protocol for serving diverse applications arises the need for mechanisms to prevent network congestion in scenarios with different traffic
types (responsive and unresponsive) sharing limited network
resources. To deal with this issue, a number of algorithms
for active queue management (AQM) have been proposed.
However, most of them do not observe the traffic type and
usually disregard this knowledge. In this way, the provided
service could not comply with the distinctive requirements
of the different type of traffic, such as VoIP services, which
demand bounded packet latency and loss rate.
This paper proposes a new approach to be applied for
preventing network congestion in AQM routers. Our scheme
includes a procedure for selecting the packet to be dropped
that improves the fairness among different classes of flows.
We evaluate the use of this approach on distinct AQM
schemes in scenarios with different degrees of UDP and
TCP traffic mix. Objective and subjective performance measurements are reported. The experimental evaluation indicates that our approach improves the fairness among different traffic classes without using any packet scheduler. In fact, it also improves the VoIP traffic performance in terms of packet dropping probability, MOS (Mean Opinion Score) and intelligibility. We also show that our approach has
no negative impact on the packet delay. Moreover, it is not achieved at the expense of TCP responsive traffic.

@article{ERIKA2011,
title = {Selective Packet Dropping for VoIP and TCP Flows},
journal = {Telecommunication Systems Journal},
volume = {46},
number = {1},
year = {2011},
issn = {1018-4864},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-009-9252-z},
url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11235-009-9252-z.pdf},
author = {Erika P. Alvarez Flores and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {Active queue management, RED, VoIP, TCP-friendly, Fairness, Traffic mix},
abstract = {The adoption of the IP protocol for serving diverse applications arises the need for mechanisms to prevent network congestion in scenarios with different traffic
types (responsive and unresponsive) sharing limited network
resources. To deal with this issue, a number of algorithms
for active queue management (AQM) have been proposed.
However, most of them do not observe the traffic type and
usually disregard this knowledge. In this way, the provided
service could not comply with the distinctive requirements
of the different type of traffic, such as VoIP services, which
demand bounded packet latency and loss rate.
This paper proposes a new approach to be applied for
preventing network congestion in AQM routers. Our scheme
includes a procedure for selecting the packet to be dropped
that improves the fairness among different classes of flows.
We evaluate the use of this approach on distinct AQM
schemes in scenarios with different degrees of UDP and
TCP traffic mix. Objective and subjective performance measurements are reported. The experimental evaluation indicates that our approach improves the fairness among different traffic classes without using any packet scheduler. In fact, it also improves the VoIP traffic performance in terms of packet dropping probability, MOS (Mean Opinion Score) and intelligibility. We also show that our approach has
no negative impact on the packet delay. Moreover, it is not achieved at the expense of TCP responsive traffic.}, impact={(IF=0.67, Q3)}}

"QoE oriented cross-layer design of a resource allocation algorithm in beyond 3G systems", Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Preben Mogensen, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Computer Communications, 33 (5), pp. 571-582, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2009.10.016

The provision of high speed access to Internet and IP-based services is one of the main goals of beyond 3G (B3G) wireless systems. These systems will benefit from cross-layer protocol designs that will introduce interactions between different layers to obtain performance gains. The majority of the research in the field of cross-layer in B3G systems aims at improving quality of service (QoS) system centric metrics such as spectral efficiency, service latency, delay variation (jitter), etc. However, minor attention has been paid to the satisfaction of the subjective quality requirements from human users. With the goal of incorporating the subjective human perception into the cross-layer design of B3G systems, this work carries out an experimental survey of the sensitivity of the user subjective quality to the service response time for the Web browsing application. From the experimental results, a mapping from service response time and user data rate (provided by the wireless link) to mean opinion score (MOS) is derived. The presented results will show that the Web page size plays an important role in the mapping function. The derived mapping function is incorporated into a radio resource allocation algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. This incorporation is carried out maximizing the aggregate utility over all the users in the cell. Its performance has been compared to that of the multicarrier proportional fair (MPF) under heavy load conditions with a 3G LTE simulator. The results have shown that the proposed methodology can provide an interesting enhancement of the user experienced quality compared to the MPF algorithm.

@Article{AMEIGEIRAS2010571,
title = {QoE oriented cross-layer design of a resource allocation algorithm in beyond 3G systems},
journal = {Computer Communications},
volume = {33},
number = {5},
pages = {571-582},
year = {2010},
issn = {0140-3664},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2009.10.016},
author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Jorge Navarro-Ortiz and Preben Mogensen and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {HTTP subjective quality survey, Quality of experience (QoE), Cross-layer design, Utility function, Long term evolution},
abstract = {The provision of high speed access to Internet and IP-based services is one of the main goals of beyond 3G (B3G) wireless systems. These systems will benefit from cross-layer protocol designs that will introduce interactions between different layers to obtain performance gains. The majority of the research in the field of cross-layer in B3G systems aims at improving quality of service (QoS) system centric metrics such as spectral efficiency, service latency, delay variation (jitter), etc. However, minor attention has been paid to the satisfaction of the subjective quality requirements from human users. With the goal of incorporating the subjective human perception into the cross-layer design of B3G systems, this work carries out an experimental survey of the sensitivity of the user subjective quality to the service response time for the Web browsing application. From the experimental results, a mapping from service response time and user data rate (provided by the wireless link) to mean opinion score (MOS) is derived. The presented results will show that the Web page size plays an important role in the mapping function. The derived mapping function is incorporated into a radio resource allocation algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. This incorporation is carried out maximizing the aggregate utility over all the users in the cell. Its performance has been compared to that of the multicarrier proportional fair (MPF) under heavy load conditions with a 3G LTE simulator. The results have shown that the proposed methodology can provide an interesting enhancement of the user experienced quality compared to the MPF algorithm.},
impact={(IF=0.816, Q2)}
}

"An 802.11e HCCA scheduler with an end-to-end quality aware territory method", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Computer Communications, 32 (11), pp. 1281-1297, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2008.12.014

In this paper we present a solution for the IEEE 802.11e HCCA (Hybrid coordination function Controlled Channel Access) mechanism which aims both at supporting strict real-time traffic requirements and, simultaneously, at handling TCP applications efficiently. Our proposal combines a packet scheduler and a dynamic resource allocation algorithm. The scheduling discipline is based on the Monolithic Shaper-Scheduler, which is a modification of a General Processor Sharing (GPS) related scheduler. It supports minimum-bandwidth and delay guarantees and, at the same time, it achieves the optimal latency of all the GPS-related schedulers. In addition, our innovative resource allocation procedure, called the territory method, aims at prioritizing real time services and at improving the performance of TCP applications. For this purpose, it splits the wireless channel capacity (in terms of transmission opportunities) into different territories for the different types of traffic, taking into account the end-to-end network dynamics. In order to give support to the desired applications, we consider the following traffic classes: conversational, streaming, interactive and best-effort. The so called territories shrink or expand depending on the current quality experienced by the corresponding traffic class. We evaluated the performance of our solution through extensive simulations in a heterogeneous wired-cum-wireless scenario under different traffic conditions. Additionally, we compare our proposal to other HCCA scheduling algorithms, the HCCA reference scheduler and Fair Hybrid Coordination Function (FHCF). The results show that the combination of the MSS and the territory method obtains higher system capacity for VoIP traffic (up to 32 users) in the simulated scenario, compared to FHCF and the HCCA reference scheduler (13 users). In addition, the MSS with the territory method also improves the throughput of TCP sources (one FTP application achieves between 6.1 Mbps without VoIP traffic and 2.1 Mbps with 20 VoIP users) compared to the reference scheduler (at most 388 kbps) and FHCF (with a maximum FTP throughput of 4.8 Mbps).

@Article{NAVARROORTIZ20091281,
title = {An 802.11e {HCCA} scheduler with an end-to-end quality aware territory method},
journal = {Computer Communications},
volume = {32},
number = {11},
pages = {1281-1297},
year = {2009},
note = {Special Issue of Computer Communications on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security, and Robustness - Part I},
issn = {0140-3664},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2008.12.014},
author = {Jorge Navarro-Ortiz and Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
keywords = {802.11e, HCCA, Quality of Experience, Scheduler, Resource allocation},
abstract = {In this paper we present a solution for the {IEEE} 802.11e HCCA (Hybrid coordination function Controlled Channel Access) mechanism which aims both at supporting strict real-time traffic requirements and, simultaneously, at handling TCP applications efficiently. Our proposal combines a packet scheduler and a dynamic resource allocation algorithm. The scheduling discipline is based on the Monolithic Shaper-Scheduler, which is a modification of a General Processor Sharing (GPS) related scheduler. It supports minimum-bandwidth and delay guarantees and, at the same time, it achieves the optimal latency of all the GPS-related schedulers. In addition, our innovative resource allocation procedure, called the territory method, aims at prioritizing real time services and at improving the performance of TCP applications. For this purpose, it splits the wireless channel capacity (in terms of transmission opportunities) into different territories for the different types of traffic, taking into account the end-to-end network dynamics. In order to give support to the desired applications, we consider the following traffic classes: conversational, streaming, interactive and best-effort. The so called territories shrink or expand depending on the current quality experienced by the corresponding traffic class. We evaluated the performance of our solution through extensive simulations in a heterogeneous wired-cum-wireless scenario under different traffic conditions. Additionally, we compare our proposal to other HCCA scheduling algorithms, the HCCA reference scheduler and Fair Hybrid Coordination Function (FHCF). The results show that the combination of the MSS and the territory method obtains higher system capacity for VoIP traffic (up to 32 users) in the simulated scenario, compared to FHCF and the HCCA reference scheduler (13 users). In addition, the MSS with the territory method also improves the throughput of TCP sources (one FTP application achieves between 6.1 Mbps without VoIP traffic and 2.1 Mbps with 20 VoIP users) compared to the reference scheduler (at most 388 kbps) and FHCF (with a maximum FTP throughput of 4.8 Mbps).},
impact={(IF=0.933, Q2)}
}

"Intelligibility Evaluation of a VoIP Multi-flow Block Interleaver", Ramos-Munoz Juan J., Gomez Angel, Lopez-Soler Juan M., Active and Programmable Networks. IWAN 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 4388, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00972-3_18

This work contributes to demonstrate what perceptual benefits can be expected by adding some processing capabilities to the network nodes for the class of interactive audio streaming applications. In particular, we propose a new voice stream multi-flow block interleaver and we show that it provides an intelligibility performance very close to the reference end-to-end interleaver, even under conditions where the end-to-end interleaving is unfeasible.

@article{RAMOS2009,
title = {Intelligibility Evaluation of a VoIP Multi-flow Block Interleaver},
journal = {Active and Programmable Networks. IWAN 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
volume = {4388},
year = {2009},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00972-3_18},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-00972-3_18},
author = {Ramos-Munoz Juan J. and Gomez Angel and Lopez-Soler Juan M.},
keywords = {VoIP subjective evaluation, interleaving, speech recognition},
abstract = {This work contributes to demonstrate what perceptual benefits can be expected by adding some processing capabilities to the network nodes for the class of interactive audio streaming applications. In particular, we propose a new voice stream multi-flow block interleaver and we show that it provides an intelligibility performance very close to the reference end-to-end interleaver, even under conditions where the end-to-end interleaving is unfeasible.}}

"BOOTES-IR: Near IR Follow-up GRB Observations by a Robotic System", J. Castro-Tirado, A. de Ugarte Postigo, M. Jelinek, S. Castillo Carrion, T. J. Mateo Sanguino, P. Kubanek, F. Zerbi, P. Amado, C. Cardenas, A. Claret, J. Gorosabel, S. Martin, M. A. Sanchez, P. Garcia Teodoro, J. M. Castro Ceron, J. Diaz Verdejo, J. M. Lopez Soler, J. A. Berna Galiano, J. Casares, J. Fabregat, C. Sanchez Fernandez, P. Conconi, S. Guziy, F. Vitaly, Nuovo Cimento Della Societa Italiana di Fisica. C, Geophysics and Space Physics., 28, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1393/ncc/i2005-10138-9

BOOTES-IR is the extension of the BOOTES experiment, which
operates in Southern Spain since 1998, to the near IR (NIR). The goal is to follow
up the early stage of the gamma ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission in the NIR,
alike BOOTES does already at optical wavelengths. The scientific case that drives
the BOOTES-IR performance is the study of GRBs with the support of spacecraft
like INTEGRAL, SWIFT and GLAST. Given that the afterglow emission in both,
the NIR and the optical, in the instances immediately following a GRB, is extremely
bright (reached V = 8.9 in one case), it should be possible to detect this prompt
emission at NIR wavelengths too. The combined observations by BOOTES-IR and
BOOTES-1 and BOOTES-2 will allow for real time identification of trustworthy
candidates to have a high redshift (z > 5). It is expected that, few minutes after
a GRB, the IR magnitudes be H ? 7–10, hence very high quality spectra can be
obtained for objects as far as z = 10 by larger instruments.

@article{CASTRO2005,
title = {BOOTES-IR: Near IR Follow-up GRB Observations by a Robotic System},
journal = {Nuovo Cimento Della Societa Italiana di Fisica. C, Geophysics and Space Physics.},
volume = {28},
issue = {4-5}
pages = {719-722},
year = {2005},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1393/ncc/i2005-10138-9},
url = {https://www.sif.it/riviste/sif/ncc/econtents/2005/028/04-05/article/34},
author = {J. Castro-Tirado and A. de Ugarte Postigo and M. Jelinek and S. Castillo Carrion and T. J. Mateo Sanguino and P. Kubanek and  F. Zerbi and  P. Amado and  C. Cardenas and  A. Claret and  J. Gorosabel and  S. Martin and  M. A. Sanchez and  P. Garcia Teodoro and  J. M. Castro Ceron and  J. Diaz Verdejo and  J. M. Lopez Soler and  J. A. Berna Galiano and  J. Casares and  J. Fabregat and  C. Sanchez Fernandez and  P. Conconi and  S. Guziy and  F. Vitaly},
abstract = {BOOTES-IR is the extension of the BOOTES experiment, which
operates in Southern Spain since 1998, to the near IR (NIR). The goal is to follow
up the early stage of the gamma ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission in the NIR,
alike BOOTES does already at optical wavelengths. The scientific case that drives
the BOOTES-IR performance is the study of GRBs with the support of spacecraft
like INTEGRAL, SWIFT and GLAST. Given that the afterglow emission in both,
the NIR and the optical, in the instances immediately following a GRB, is extremely
bright (reached V = 8.9 in one case), it should be possible to detect this prompt
emission at NIR wavelengths too. The combined observations by BOOTES-IR and
BOOTES-1 and BOOTES-2 will allow for real time identification of trustworthy
candidates to have a high redshift (z > 5). It is expected that, few minutes after
a GRB, the IR magnitudes be H ? 7–10, hence very high quality spectra can be
obtained for objects as far as z = 10 by larger instruments.},
impact={(IF=0.31, Q4)}}

"Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation", Jeroen Wigard, Nina A.H. Madsen, Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Isaias Lopez Sepulveda, Preben Mogensen, Wireless Personal Communications, 23, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020909609140

This article focuses on the Quality of Service (QoS) achieved by packet scheduling. A packet scheduling algorithm, which can differentiate the QoS among user and service classes, is presented. The algorithm can be tuned from signal to interference ratio (C/I) based scheduling to Round Robin and beyond. Thus, an operator can choose between optimizing the spectral efficiency or giving a fair QoS distribution among the users within a user and traffic class. By combining the two effects, different strategies can be used for different user and service classes. Simulation results for the downlink shared channel (DSCH) are presented and implementation issues are also discussed.

@article{AMEI2005,
title = {Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation},
journal = {Wireless Personal Communications},
volume = {23},
year = {2002},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020909609140},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1020909609140},
author = {Jeroen Wigard and Nina A.H. Madsen and Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez and Isaias Lopez Sepulveda and Preben Mogensen},
keywords = {packet scheduling,Quality of Service, WCDMA,DSCH, DCH},
abstract = {This article focuses on the Quality of Service (QoS) achieved by packet scheduling. A packet scheduling algorithm, which can differentiate the QoS among user and service classes, is presented. The algorithm can be tuned from signal to interference ratio (C/I) based scheduling to Round Robin and beyond. Thus, an operator can choose between optimizing the spectral efficiency or giving a fair QoS distribution among the users within a user and traffic class. By combining the two effects, different strategies can be used for different user and service classes. Simulation results for the downlink shared channel (DSCH) are presented and implementation issues are also discussed.},
impact = {(IF=1.061, Q3)}

}

"Sizing up signaling capacity", J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. Martinez-Arenas, J. Romero-Garcia, Nokia Advance Magazine, pp. 38-41, 2002

@Article{nokia2002,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. {Martinez-Arenas} and J. {Romero-Garcia}},  journal={Nokia Advance Magazine},   title={Sizing up signaling capacity},   year={2002}, pages={38-41}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/preprint_A021_p38-45_100102.pdf}}

"Linear inter-frame dependencies for very low bit-rate speech coding", Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Victoria Sanchez, Angel de la Torre, Antonio J. Rubio-Ayuso, Speech Communication, 34 (4), pp. 333-349, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6393(00)00039-X

We have studied experimentally the operational rate-distortion performance for very low bit-rate speech coding using linear inter-frame dependencies. We propose an algorithm that efficiently combines quantization and linear interpolation procedures. With a maximum delay of 200 ms, for the spectral envelope information and using line spectrum pair (LSP) parameters as input space the proposed algorithm performs best at rates of between 200 and 300 b/s. For comparison's sake several other procedures such as the multi-frame encoder (Kemp D., Collura J., Tremain T., Multi-Frame Coding of LPC Parameters at . In: IEEE ICASSP-91, 1991, pp. 609-612) and matrix quantizer (Tsao C., Gray R., Matrix quantizer design for LPC speech using the generalized Lloyd algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing ASSP-33, 1985, 537-545) are simulated. Furthermore, a mono-dimensional version of the proposed procedure is shown experimentally to provide the best operational rate-distortion trade-off when coding a parametric representation (pitch, gain and voicing information) of the excitation signal.

@article{LOPEZSOLER2001333,
title = {Linear inter-frame dependencies for very low bit-rate speech coding},
journal = {Speech Communication},
volume = {34},
number = {4},
pages = {333-349},
year = {2001},
issn = {0167-6393},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6393(00)00039-X},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016763930000039X},
author = {Juan M. Lopez-Soler and Victoria Sanchez and Angel {de la Torre} and Antonio J. Rubio-Ayuso},
keywords = {Speech coding, Quantization, Interpolation, Inter-frame dependencies},
abstract = {We have studied experimentally the operational rate-distortion performance for very low bit-rate speech coding using linear inter-frame dependencies. We propose an algorithm that efficiently combines quantization and linear interpolation procedures. With a maximum delay of 200 ms, for the spectral envelope information and using line spectrum pair (LSP) parameters as input space the proposed algorithm performs best at rates of between 200 and 300 b/s. For comparison's sake several other procedures such as the multi-frame encoder (Kemp D., Collura J., Tremain T., Multi-Frame Coding of LPC Parameters at . In: IEEE ICASSP-91, 1991, pp. 609-612) and matrix quantizer (Tsao C., Gray R., Matrix quantizer design for LPC speech using the generalized Lloyd algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing ASSP-33, 1985, 537-545) are simulated. Furthermore, a mono-dimensional version of the proposed procedure is shown experimentally to provide the best operational rate-distortion trade-off when coding a parametric representation (pitch, gain and voicing information) of the excitation signal.}, impact={(IF=0.45, Q3)}}

"A transcription-based approach to determine the difficulty of a speech recognition task", P. Garcia, A. J. Rubio, J. Diaz-Verdejo, M. C. Benitez, J. M. Lopez-Soler, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, 7 (3), pp. 339-342, 1999. DOI: 10.1109/89.759043

A new parameter for estimating the difficulty of a continuous speech recognition task, called speech decoding difficulty, is presented. It is obtained from the language model defined for the recognition task and the phonetic similarity between the transcriptions of the words that make up the vocabulary used. Two variants of the proposed task difficulty measure are introduced: ideal speech decoding difficulty (ISDD), which is not influenced by practical considerations on the recognition system implemented, and a second, more realistic variant, called practical speech decoding difficulty (PSDD) to study the performance of a specific recognition system when confronting a given task.

@ARTICLE{759043,  author={P. {Garcia} and A. J. {Rubio} and J. {Diaz-Verdejo} and M. C. {Benitez} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  journal={IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing},   title={A transcription-based approach to determine the difficulty of a speech recognition task},   year={1999},  volume={7},  number={3},  pages={339-342},  abstract={A new parameter for estimating the difficulty of a continuous speech recognition task, called speech decoding difficulty, is presented. It is obtained from the language model defined for the recognition task and the phonetic similarity between the transcriptions of the words that make up the vocabulary used. Two variants of the proposed task difficulty measure are introduced: ideal speech decoding difficulty (ISDD), which is not influenced by practical considerations on the recognition system implemented, and a second, more realistic variant, called practical speech decoding difficulty (PSDD) to study the performance of a specific recognition system when confronting a given task.},  keywords={Speech recognition;Maximum likelihood decoding;Natural languages;Vocabulary;Acoustic testing;System testing;Character recognition;Parameter estimation;Loudspeakers;Maximum likelihood estimation},  doi={10.1109/89.759043},  ISSN={1558-2353},  month={May}, impact={(IF=0.66, Q2)}}

"A low-delay transform domain approach to trellis coded quantization", Victoria Sanchez, Antonio J. Rubio, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Angel de la Torre, Antonio M. Peinado, Speech Communication, 21 (3), pp. 141-153, 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6393(97)00006-X

@article{SANCHEZ1997141,
title = {A low-delay transform domain approach to trellis coded quantization},
journal = {Speech Communication},
volume = {21},
number = {3},
pages = {141-153},
year = {1997},
issn = {0167-6393},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6393(97)00006-X},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016763939700006X},
author = {Victoria Sanchez and Antonio J. Rubio and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and Angel {de la Torre} and Antonio M. Peinado},
keywords = {Speech coding, Transform domain, Trellis coded quantization, Low-delay, Discrete cosine transform},
impact={(IF=0.42, Q2)}}

"Improvements in HMM-based isolated word recognition system", A.M. Peinado, J.M. Lopez, V.E. Sanchez, J.C. Segura, A.J. Rubio Ayuso, IEE Proceedings I (Communications, Speech and Vision), 138, pp. 201-206(5), 1991. DOI: 10.1049/ip-i-2.1991.0027

A speaker independent isolated word recognition system for voice activated robots is introduced. Since such an application requires a fast and accurate recognition system, discrete hidden Markov models and vector quantisation techniques have been used. Different initialisations for VQ and HMM training are tested to obtain improvements over the other systems. The final models can be evaluated using a temporal normalisation of the HMM scores. A threshold based rejector can also be established using this temporal normalisation.

@ARTICLE{peinado91,
   author = {A.M. Peinado and J.M. Lopez and V.E. Sanchez and J.C. Segura and A.J. Rubio Ayuso},
   keywords = {HMM scores;speaker-independent system;vector quantisation;training algorithms;discrete hidden Markov models;temporal normalisation;voice-activated robots;HMM-based isolated word recognition system;threshold-based rejector;},
   ISSN = {0956-3776},
   language = {English},
   abstract = {A speaker independent isolated word recognition system for voice activated robots is introduced. Since such an application requires a fast and accurate recognition system, discrete hidden Markov models and vector quantisation techniques have been used. Different initialisations for VQ and HMM training are tested to obtain improvements over the other systems. The final models can be evaluated using a temporal normalisation of the HMM scores. A threshold based rejector can also be established using this temporal normalisation.},
   title = {Improvements in HMM-based isolated word recognition system},
   journal = {IEE Proceedings I (Communications, Speech and Vision)},
   issue = {3},
   volume = {138},
   year = {1991},
   month = {June},
   pages = {201-206(5)},
   publisher ={},
   copyright = {The Institution of Electrical Engineers},
   url = {https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/ip-i-2.1991.0027},
doi = {10.1049/ip-i-2.1991.0027},
impact={(IF=0.18, Q3)}}

"ORANUS: Latency-tailored Orchestration via Stochastic Network Calculus in 6G O-RAN", Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa, Lanfranco Zanzi, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Andres Garcia-Saavedra, Xavier Costa-Perez, "IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM)", 2024

@INPROCEEDINGS{adamuzhinojosa2024oranus,
      title={ORANUS: Latency-tailored Orchestration via Stochastic Network Calculus in 6G O-RAN}, 
      author={Oscar Adamuz-Hinojosa and Lanfranco Zanzi and Vincenzo Sciancalepore and Andres Garcia-Saavedra and Xavier Costa-Perez},
      booktitle={IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM)},
      address={Vancouver, Canada},
      year={2024},
      COMMENTdoi = {xxx},
      project={6gchronos|6ginspire},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03812}
}

"Reduccion de la latencia en redes 5G-NR", Felix Delgado-Ferro, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Natalia Chinchilla-Romero, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, "XVI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2023)", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{JITEL202323,
   author       = {Delgado-Ferro, Felix and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Chinchilla-Romero, Natalia and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
   title        = {Reduccion de la latencia en redes 5G-NR},
   booktitle    = {XVI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2023)},
   year         = {2023},
   month        = {November},
   address      = {Barcelona, Spain},
   COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
   project      = {true5g|6gchronos|6ginspire},
   url          = {https://jitel2023.salleurl.edu/libro-actas}
}

"Transmission of images over LoRa", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Natalia Chinchilla-Romero, Felix Delgado-Ferro, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Fernando Tejero-Rodriguez, "XVI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2023)", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{JITEL20231,
   author       = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Chinchilla-Romero, Natalia and Delgado-Ferro, Felix and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel and Tejero-Rodriguez, Fernando},
   title        = {Transmission of images over LoRa},
   booktitle    = {XVI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2023)},
   year         = {2023},
   month        = {November},
   address      = {Barcelona, Spain},
   COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
   project      = {premonition|true5g|6gchronos},
   url          = {https://jitel2023.salleurl.edu/libro-actas}
}

"Converting a weather station into a LoRaWAN-enabled device", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Natalia Chinchilla-Romero, Felix Delgado-Ferro, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, "XVI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2023)", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{JITEL202322,
   author       = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Chinchilla-Romero, Natalia and Delgado-Ferro, Felix and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
   title        = {Converting a weather station into a LoRaWAN-enabled device},
   booktitle    = {XVI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2023)},
   year         = {2023},
   month        = {November},
   address      = {Barcelona, Spain},
   COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
   project      = {premonition|true5g|6gchronos},
   url          = {https://jitel2023.salleurl.edu/libro-actas}
}

"Flow Prioritization for TSN Asynchronous Traffic Shapers", Julia Caleya-Sanchez, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Munoz-Luengo, Pablo Ameigeiras, "International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Networking 2023 - TENSOR workshop", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{EUCNC2023,
   author       = {Caleya-Sanchez, Julia and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Munoz-Luengo, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo},
   title        = {Flow Prioritization for TSN Asynchronous Traffic Shapers},
   booktitle    = {International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Networking 2023 - TENSOR workshop},
   year         = {2023},
   publisher    = {IFIP Technical Committee on Communication Systems (TC6)},
   month        = {June},
   address      = {Barcelona, Spain},
   COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
   project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
   COMMENTurl   = {https://doi.org/xxx}
}

"Demo: 5G NR, Wi-Fi and LiFi multi-connectivity for Industry 4.0", Ferran Canellas, Daniel Camps-Mur, Adriana Fernandez-Fernandez, Ivan Boyano, Miguel Urias, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, "INFOCOM CNERT 2023: the 10th International Workshop on Computer and Networking Experimental Research using Testbeds", pp. 1-3, 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{CNERT2022,
   author       = {Canellas, Ferran and Camps-Mur, Daniel and Fernandez-Fernandez, Adriana and Boyano, Ivan and Urias, Miguel and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.},
   title        = {Demo: 5G NR, Wi-Fi and LiFi multi-connectivity for Industry 4.0},
   booktitle    = {INFOCOM CNERT 2023: the 10th International Workshop on Computer and Networking Experimental Research using Testbeds},
   year         = {2023},
   publisher    = {IEEE},
   month        = {May},
   pages        = {1-3},
   address      = {New York, USA},
   project      = {5gclarity},
   url          = {https://infocom.info/workshops/track/CNERT}
}

"URLLC Achieved Data Rate through Exploiting Multi-Connectivity in Industrial Private 5G Networks with Multi-WAT RANs", L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{URLLC_Ch23,
  author       = {L. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and P. Munoz and P. Ameigeiras and J. M. Lopez-Soler},
  booktitle    = {IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow},
  title        = {URLLC Achieved Data Rate through Exploiting Multi-Connectivity in Industrial Private 5G Networks with Multi-WAT RANs},
  year         = {2023},
  publisher    = {IEEE},
  month        = {Mar},
  address      = {Glasgow, Scotland, UK},
  COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
  COMMENTurl   = {https://doi.org/xxx}}

"Autonomous Radio Resource Provisioning in Multi-WAT Private 5G RANs based on DRL", L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, "IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow", 2023

@INPROCEEDINGS{AutoCh23,
  author       = {L. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and P. Munoz and P. Ameigeiras and J. J. Ramos-Munoz},
  booktitle    = {IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Glasgow},
  title        = {Autonomous Radio Resource Provisioning in Multi-WAT Private 5G RANs based on DRL},
  year         = {2023},
  publisher    = {IEEE},
  month        = {Mar},
  address      = {Glasgow, Scotland, UK},
  COMMENTdoi   = {xxx},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
  COMMENTurl   = {https://doi.org/xxx}}

"Leveraging DRL for Traffic Prioritization in 5G and Beyond TSN-based Transport Networks", Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Munoz, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, "XXXVII Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI 2022)", pp. 1-4, 2022. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7060474

@INPROCEEDINGS{URSI20227060474,
   author       = {Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Munoz, Pablo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.},
   title        = {Leveraging {DRL} for Traffic Prioritization in {5G} and Beyond {TSN}-based Transport Networks},
   booktitle    = {XXXVII Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI 2022)},
   year         = {2022},
   publisher    = {Zenodo},
   month        = {Sep},
   pages        = {1-4},
   address      = {Malaga, Spain},
   doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.7060474},
   project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
   url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7060474}
}

"WIMUNET: Current research on Internet of (Robotic) things and 5G", P. Munoz, L. Chinchilla-Romero, N. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, F. Delgado-Ferro, J. Caleya-Sanchez, P. Rodriguez-Martin, P. Ameigeiras, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "Arqus Research Focus Forum - Artificial Intelligence and its applications, Granada", 2022

@INPROCEEDINGS{Auto_Ch23,
  author={P. Munoz and L. Chinchilla-Romero and N. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and O. Adamuz-Hinojosa and F. Delgado-Ferro and J. Caleya-Sanchez and P. Rodriguez-Martin and P. Ameigeiras and J. Navarro-Ortiz and J. J. Ramos-Munoz and J. M. Lopez-Soler},
  booktitle={Arqus Research Focus Forum - Artificial Intelligence and its applications, Granada},
  title={WIMUNET: Current research on Internet of (Robotic) things and 5G},
  year={2022},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos|premonition},
  doi={}}

"DRL-assisted Radio Resource Provisioning in multi-WAT Private 5G Networks", L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, "XXXVII Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio), Malaga", 2022

@INPROCEEDINGS{DRL_Ch22,
  author={L. Chinchilla-Romero and J. Prados-Garzon and P. Munoz and P. Ameigeiras and J. J. Ramos-Munoz},
  booktitle={XXXVII Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio), Malaga},
  title={DRL-assisted Radio Resource Provisioning in multi-WAT Private 5G Networks},
  year={2022},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={},
  project      = {5gclarity|true5g|6gchronos},
  doi={}}

"Analytical Model for the UE Blocking Probability in an OFDMA Cell providing GBR Slices", O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Nanjing, China", pp. 1-7, 2021

When a network operator designs strategies for planning and operating Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) slices, there are inherent issues such as the under(over)-provisioning of radio resources. To avoid them, modeling the User Equipment (UE) blocking probability in each cell is key. This task is challenging due to the total required bandwidth depends on the channel quality of each UE and the spatio-temporal variations in the number of UE sessions. Under this context, we propose an analytical model to evaluate the UE blocking probability in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) cell. The main novelty of our model is the adoption of a multi-dimensional Erlang-B system which meets the reversibility property. This means our model is insensitive to the holding time distribution for the UE session. In addition, this property reduces the computational complexity of our model due to the solution for the state transition probabilities has product form. The provided results show that our model exhibits an estimation error for the UE blocking probability below 3.5%.

@INPROCEEDINGS{OscarCellModel2021,
author={O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} },
booktitle={2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Nanjing, China},
title={Analytical Model for the UE Blocking Probability in an OFDMA Cell providing GBR Slices},
year={2021},
volume={},
number={},
pages={1-7},
abstract={When a network operator designs strategies for planning and operating Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) slices, there are inherent issues such as the under(over)-provisioning of radio resources. To avoid them, modeling the User Equipment (UE) blocking probability in each cell is key. This task is challenging due to the total required bandwidth depends on the channel quality of each UE and the spatio-temporal variations in the number of UE sessions. Under this context, we propose an analytical model to evaluate the UE blocking probability in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) cell. The main novelty of our model is the adoption of a multi-dimensional Erlang-B system which meets the reversibility property. This means our model is insensitive to the holding time distribution for the UE session. In addition, this property reduces the computational complexity of our model due to the solution for the state transition probabilities has product form. The provided results show that our model exhibits an estimation error for the UE blocking probability below 3.5%.},
keywords={Blocking probability; OFDMA; GBR; Erlang-B},
doi={},
ISSN={},
month={Mar.},
project={5gclarity|true5g}
}

"Rendimiento de Redes 4G/5G usando una estacion base real (Performance of 4G/5G networks using a real base station)", F. Delgado-Ferro, J. Navarro-Ortiz, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Munoz-Luengo, "XV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2021)", 2021

@INPROCEEDINGS{fdelgado_jitel21a,  author={F. {Delgado-Ferro} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and L. {Chinchilla-Romero} and P. {Munoz-Luengo}},  booktitle={XV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2021)}, title={Rendimiento de Redes 4G/5G usando una estacion base real (Performance of 4G/5G networks using a real base station)}, year={2021}, project = {5gclarity|true5g}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/71140}}

"On Slice Isolation Options in the Transport Network and Associated Feasibility Indicators", Luis M. Contreras, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, "2021 IEEE 7th International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)", pp. 201-205, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/NetSoft51509.2021.9492546

@INPROCEEDINGS{9492546,
  author={Contreras, Luis M. and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose},
  booktitle={2021 IEEE 7th International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)},
  title={On Slice Isolation Options in the Transport Network and Associated Feasibility Indicators},
  year={2021},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={201-205},
  doi={10.1109/NetSoft51509.2021.9492546}}

"Asynchronous Time-Sensitive Networking for Industrial Networks", Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Ameigeiras, Pablo Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and
Communications   6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)", pp. 130-135, 2021. DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit51104.2021.9482597

@INPROCEEDINGS{9482597,
   author={Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Munoz, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
   booktitle={2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and
Communications   6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)},
   title={Asynchronous Time-Sensitive Networking for Industrial Networks},
   year={2021},
   volume={},
   number={},
   pages={130-135},
   project={5gclarity|true5g},
   doi={10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit51104.2021.9482597}}

"Arquitectura para redes IoT orientada a la sostenibilidad medioambiental (IoT network architecture for environmental sustainability)", J. Navarro-Ortiz, N. Chinchilla-Romero, F. Delgado-Ferro, J.J. Ramos-Munoz, "XV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2021)", 2021

@INPROCEEDINGS{jnavarro_jitel21,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and N. {Chinchilla-Romero} and F. {Delgado-Ferro} and J.J. {Ramos-Munoz}},  booktitle={XV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2021)}, title={Arquitectura para redes IoT orientada a la sostenibilidad medioambiental (IoT network architecture for environmental sustainability)}, year={2021}, project = {5gclarity|true5g|artemis}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/71142}}

"WiMuNet's research lines", J. Navarro-Ortiz, N. Chinchilla-Romero, L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, F. Delgado-Ferro, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "VI Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'21)", ISBN 9788409311248, 2021

@Inproceedings{jnavarroqqcm21, author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and N. {Chinchilla-Romero} and L. {Chinchilla-Romero} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and F. {Delgado-Ferro} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz-Luengo} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}}, booktitle={VI Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'21)}, isbn={9788409311248}, title={WiMuNet's research lines}, year={2021}, url={https://sites.google.com/unizar.es/qqcm-2021/agenda}, project={5gclarity|true5g|artemis}}

"Arquitectura LoRaWAN para entornos sin cobertura (LoRaWAN network architecture for environments without coverage)", F. Delgado-Ferro, J. Navarro-Ortiz, N. Chinchilla-Romero, J.J. Ramos-Munoz, "XV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2021)", 2021

@INPROCEEDINGS{fdelgado_jitel21b,  author={F. {Delgado-Ferro} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and N. {Chinchilla-Romero} and J.J. {Ramos-Munoz}},  booktitle={XV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2021)}, title={Arquitectura LoRaWAN para entornos sin cobertura (LoRaWAN network architecture for environments without coverage)}, year={2021}, project = {true5g|artemis}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/71143}}

"Detection of Cellular Networks Performance Degradations Based on Wavelet-transform", S. Fortes, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, R. Barco, "1st Post-IRACON (Inclusive Radio Communications) Meeting, COST action CA15104", 2020

@Inproceedings{CA151042020,
	title = {Detection of Cellular Networks Performance Degradations Based on Wavelet-transform},
	booktitle={1st Post-IRACON (Inclusive Radio Communications) Meeting, COST action CA15104},
	author = {S. {Fortes} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano} and R. {Barco}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2020},
	address={online},
	pages = {}
}

"5G-CLARITY: Integrating 5GNR, WiFi and LiFi in Private Networks with Slicing Support", D. Camps-Mur, M. Ghoraishi, J. Gutierrez, J. Ordonez-Lucena, T. Cogalan, H. Haas, A. Garcia, V. Sark, E. Aumayr S. Meer, S. Yan, A. Mourad, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, J. Perez-Romero, M. Granda, R. Bian, "2020 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC), Dubrovnik, Croatia", pp. 1-2, 2020

This paper introduces 5G-CLARITY, a 5G-PPP project exploring beyond 5G private networks integrating heterogeneous wireless access including 5GNR, WiFi, and LiFi. The project targets enhancements to current 5GNR performance including multi-connectivity and indoor positioning accuracy. It also develops novel management enablers that allow to operate the private network with a high level intent interface, while being able to natively embed Machine Learning (ML) functions.

@INPROCEEDINGS{Oscar5G-CLARITYEuCNC,
author={D. {Camps-Mur} and  M. {Ghoraishi} and J. {Gutierrez} and J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and T. {Cogalan} and H. {Haas} and A. {Garcia} and V. {Sark} and E. {Aumayr} S. {Meer} and S. {Yan} and A. {Mourad} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and J. {Perez-Romero} and M. {Granda} and R. {Bian} },
booktitle={2020 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC), Dubrovnik, Croatia},
title={5G-CLARITY: Integrating 5GNR, WiFi and LiFi in Private Networks with Slicing Support},
year={2020},
volume={},
number={},
pages={1-2},
abstract={This paper introduces 5G-CLARITY, a 5G-PPP project exploring beyond 5G private networks integrating heterogeneous wireless access including 5GNR, WiFi, and LiFi. The project targets enhancements to current 5GNR performance including multi-connectivity and indoor positioning accuracy. It also develops novel management enablers that allow to operate the private network with a high level intent interface, while being able to natively embed Machine Learning (ML) functions.},
keywords={5G; ML; WiFi;; LiFi; private networks; SDN; NFV},
doi={},
ISSN={},
month={Jun},
project={5gclarity}
}

"Energy-aware Collision Avoidance stochastic Optimizer for a UAVs set", S. Ouahouah, J. Prados-Garzon, T. Taleb, C. Benzaid, "2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)", pp. 1636-1641, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/IWCMC48107.2020.9148495

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is one of the promising technology in the future. A recent study claims that by 2026, the commercial UAVs, for both corporate and customer applications, will have an annual impact of 31 billion to 46 billion on the country's GDP. Shortly, many UAVs will be flying everywhere. For this reason, there is a need to suggest efficient mechanisms for preventing the collisions among the UAVs. Traditionally, the collisions are prevented using dedicated sensors, however, those would generate uncertainty in their reading due to their external conditions sensitivity. From another side, the use of those sensors could create an extra overhead on the UAVs in terms of cost and energy consumption. To deal with these challenges, in this paper, we have suggested a solution that leverages the chance-constrained optimization technique for avoiding the collision in an energy-efficient manner. Building on the expressions for the non-central Chi-square CDF and expected value, and through the convexification of the resulting expressions, the chance-constrained optimization program is transformed into a convex Mixed Binary Nonlinear one. The resulting program allows us to find the optimal safety distance that extends UAVs life-time and allows every UAV to move with a guaranteed probability of collision between any pair of UAVs.

@INPROCEEDINGS{9148495,  author={S. {Ouahouah} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and T. {Taleb} and C. {Benzaid}},  booktitle={2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)},   title={Energy-aware Collision Avoidance stochastic Optimizer for a UAVs set},   year={2020},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1636-1641},  abstract={Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is one of the promising technology in the future. A recent study claims that by 2026, the commercial UAVs, for both corporate and customer applications, will have an annual impact of 31 billion to 46 billion on the country's GDP. Shortly, many UAVs will be flying everywhere. For this reason, there is a need to suggest efficient mechanisms for preventing the collisions among the UAVs. Traditionally, the collisions are prevented using dedicated sensors, however, those would generate uncertainty in their reading due to their external conditions sensitivity. From another side, the use of those sensors could create an extra overhead on the UAVs in terms of cost and energy consumption. To deal with these challenges, in this paper, we have suggested a solution that leverages the chance-constrained optimization technique for avoiding the collision in an energy-efficient manner. Building on the expressions for the non-central Chi-square CDF and expected value, and through the convexification of the resulting expressions, the chance-constrained optimization program is transformed into a convex Mixed Binary Nonlinear one. The resulting program allows us to find the optimal safety distance that extends UAVs life-time and allows every UAV to move with a guaranteed probability of collision between any pair of UAVs.},  keywords={Global Positioning System;Collision avoidance;Sensors;Uncertainty;Optimization;Safety;Unmanned aerial vehicles},  doi={10.1109/IWCMC48107.2020.9148495},  ISSN={2376-6506},  month={June}
}

"LEARNET: Reinforcement Learning Based Flow Scheduling for Asynchronous Deterministic Networks", J. Prados-Garzon, T. Taleb, M. Bagaa, "ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)", pp. 1-6, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ICC40277.2020.9149092

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) and Deterministic Networking (DetNet) standards come to satisfy the needs of many industries for deterministic network services. That is the ability to establish a multi-hop path over an IP network for a given flow with deterministic Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees in terms of latency, jitter, packet loss, and reliability. In this work, we propose a reinforcement learning-based solution, which is dubbed LEARNET, for the flow scheduling in deterministic asynchronous networks. The solution leverages predictive data analytics and reinforcement learning to maximize the network operator's revenue. We evaluate the performance of LEARNET through simulation in a fifth-generation (5G) asynchronous deterministic backhaul network where incoming flows have characteristics similar to the four critical 5GQoS Identifiers (5QIs) defined in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) TS 23.501 V16.1.0. Also, we compared the performance of LEARNET with a baseline solution that respects the 5QIs priorities for allocating the incoming flows. The obtained results show that, for the scenario considered, LEARNET achieves a gain in the revenue of up to 45% compared to the baseline solution.

@INPROCEEDINGS{9149092,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and T. {Taleb} and M. {Bagaa}},  booktitle={ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)},   title={LEARNET: Reinforcement Learning Based Flow Scheduling for Asynchronous Deterministic Networks},   year={2020},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  abstract={Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) and Deterministic Networking (DetNet) standards come to satisfy the needs of many industries for deterministic network services. That is the ability to establish a multi-hop path over an IP network for a given flow with deterministic Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees in terms of latency, jitter, packet loss, and reliability. In this work, we propose a reinforcement learning-based solution, which is dubbed LEARNET, for the flow scheduling in deterministic asynchronous networks. The solution leverages predictive data analytics and reinforcement learning to maximize the network operator's revenue. We evaluate the performance of LEARNET through simulation in a fifth-generation (5G) asynchronous deterministic backhaul network where incoming flows have characteristics similar to the four critical 5GQoS Identifiers (5QIs) defined in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) TS 23.501 V16.1.0. Also, we compared the performance of LEARNET with a baseline solution that respects the 5QIs priorities for allocating the incoming flows. The obtained results show that, for the scenario considered, LEARNET achieves a gain in the revenue of up to 45% compared to the baseline solution.},  keywords={Resource management;Delays;Quality of service;Data analysis;5G mobile communication;Analytical models;Radio frequency},  doi={10.1109/ICC40277.2020.9149092},  ISSN={1938-1883},  month={June}
}

"Collaborated Closed Loops for Autonomous End-to-End Service Management in 5G", Min Xie, Pedro Henrique Gomes, Janos Harmatos, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, "2020 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)", pp. 64-70, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/NFV-SDN50289.2020.9289902

@INPROCEEDINGS{9289902,
  author={Xie, Min and Gomes, Pedro Henrique and Harmatos, Janos and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose},
  booktitle={2020 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)},
  title={Collaborated Closed Loops for Autonomous End-to-End Service Management in 5G},
  year={2020},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={64-70},
  doi={10.1109/NFV-SDN50289.2020.9289902}}

"Exploiting Case Based Reasoning to Automate Management of Network Slices", Pedro Martinez-Julia, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Ved P. Kafle, Hitoshi Asaeda, Diego Lopez, "NOMS 2020 - 2020 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium", pp. 1-6, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/NOMS47738.2020.9110423

@INPROCEEDINGS{9110423,
  author={Martinez-Julia, Pedro and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Kafle, Ved P. and Asaeda, Hitoshi and Lopez, Diego},
  booktitle={NOMS 2020 - 2020 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium},
  title={Exploiting Case Based Reasoning to Automate Management of Network Slices},
  year={2020},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-6},
  doi={10.1109/NOMS47738.2020.9110423}}

"Cross-domain Slice Orchestration for Advanced Vertical Trials in a Multi-Vendor 5G Facility", Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Christos Tranoris, Joao Rodrigues, Luis M. Contreras, "2020 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)", pp. 40-45, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC48522.2020.9200940

@INPROCEEDINGS{9200940,
  author={Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Tranoris, Christos and Rodrigues, Joao and Contreras, Luis M.},
  booktitle={2020 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)},
  title={Cross-domain Slice Orchestration for Advanced Vertical Trials in a Multi-Vendor 5G Facility},
  year={2020},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={40-45},
  doi={10.1109/EuCNC48522.2020.9200940}}

"Modeling Network Slice as a Service in a Multi-Vendor 5G Experimentation Ecosystem", Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Christos Tranoris, Joao Rodrigues, "2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)", pp. 1-6, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.20

@INPROCEEDINGS{9145225,
  author={Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Tranoris, Christos and Rodrigues, Joao},
  booktitle={2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)},
  title={Modeling Network Slice as a Service in a Multi-Vendor 5G Experimentation Ecosystem},
  year={2020},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-6},
  doi={10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.20}}

"The Isolation Concept in the 5G Network Slicing", Andres J. Gonzalez, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Bjarne E. Helvik, Gianfranco Nencioni, Min Xie, Diego R. Lopez, Pal Gronsund, "2020 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)", pp. 12-16, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC48522.2020.9200939

@INPROCEEDINGS{9200939,
  author={Gonzalez, Andres J. and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Helvik, Bjarne E. and Nencioni, Gianfranco and Xie, Min and Lopez, Diego R. and Gronsund, Pal},
  booktitle={2020 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)},
  title={The Isolation Concept in the 5G Network Slicing},
  year={2020},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={12-16},
  doi={10.1109/EuCNC48522.2020.9200939}}

"Provisioning Private 5G Networks by Means of Network Slicing: Architectures and Challenges", Wint Yi Poe, Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Kashif Mahmood, "2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)", pp. 1-6, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145055

@INPROCEEDINGS{9145055,
  author={Poe, Wint Yi and Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Mahmood, Kashif},
  booktitle={2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)},
  title={Provisioning Private 5G Networks by Means of Network Slicing: Architectures and Challenges},
  year={2020},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-6},
  doi={10.1109/ICCWorkshops49005.2020.9145055}}

"Ensuring High QoE for DASH-Based Clients Using Deterministic Network Calculus in SDN Networks", O. El Marai, J. Prados-Garzon, M. Bagaa, T. Taleb, "2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)", pp. 1-6, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013633

HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) is becoming the de-facto video delivery technology over best- effort networks nowadays, thanks to the myriad advantages it brings. However, many studies have shown that HAS suffers from many Quality of Experience (QoE)-related issues in the presence of competing players. This is mainly caused by the selfishness of the players resulting from the decentralized intelligence given to the player. Another limitation is the bottleneck link that could happen at any time during the streaming session and anywhere in the network. These issues may result in wobbling bandwidth perception by the players and could lead to missing the deadline for chunk downloads, which result in the most annoying issue consisting of rebuffering events. In this paper, we leverage the Software-Defined Networking paradigm to take advantage of the global view of the network and its powerful intelligence that allows reacting to the network changing conditions. Ultimately, we aim at preventing the re-buffering events, resulting from deadline misses, and ensuring high QoE for the accepted clients in the system. To this end, we use Deterministic Network Calculus (DNC) to guarantee a maximum delay for the download of the video chunks while maximizing the perceived video quality. Simulation results show that the proposed solution ensures high efficiency for the accepted clients without any rebuffering events which result in high user QoE. Consequently, it might be highly useful for scenarios where video chunks should be strictly downloaded on- time or ensuring low delay with high user QoE such as serving video premium subscribers or remote control/driving of an autonomous vehicle in future 5G mobile networks.

@INPROCEEDINGS{9013633,  author={O. {El Marai} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and M. {Bagaa} and T. {Taleb}},  booktitle={2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)},   title={Ensuring High QoE for DASH-Based Clients Using Deterministic Network Calculus in SDN Networks},   year={2019},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  abstract={HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) is becoming the de-facto video delivery technology over best- effort networks nowadays, thanks to the myriad advantages it brings. However, many studies have shown that HAS suffers from many Quality of Experience (QoE)-related issues in the presence of competing players. This is mainly caused by the selfishness of the players resulting from the decentralized intelligence given to the player. Another limitation is the bottleneck link that could happen at any time during the streaming session and anywhere in the network. These issues may result in wobbling bandwidth perception by the players and could lead to missing the deadline for chunk downloads, which result in the most annoying issue consisting of rebuffering events. In this paper, we leverage the Software-Defined Networking paradigm to take advantage of the global view of the network and its powerful intelligence that allows reacting to the network changing conditions. Ultimately, we aim at preventing the re-buffering events, resulting from deadline misses, and ensuring high QoE for the accepted clients in the system. To this end, we use Deterministic Network Calculus (DNC) to guarantee a maximum delay for the download of the video chunks while maximizing the perceived video quality. Simulation results show that the proposed solution ensures high efficiency for the accepted clients without any rebuffering events which result in high user QoE. Consequently, it might be highly useful for scenarios where video chunks should be strictly downloaded on- time or ensuring low delay with high user QoE such as serving video premium subscribers or remote control/driving of an autonomous vehicle in future 5G mobile networks.},  keywords={Quality of experience;Streaming media;Bandwidth;Servers;Video recording;Quality assessment;Delays},  doi={10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013633},  ISSN={2576-6813},  month={Dec}
}

"Closed-Form Expression for the Resources Dimensioning of Softwarized Network Services", J. Prados-Garzon, T. Taleb, O. El Marai, M. Bagaa, "2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)", pp. 1-6, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013963

Network Function Virtualization ecosystem enables the automation of deployment and scaling of softwarized network services (SNSs), thus reducing their operational expenditures. This enables operators to handle workload fluctuations, to keep the desired performance, with great agility and reduced costs. However, to realize the automation of such management practices, it is needed to determine the amount of required resources to allocate the SNS so that its performance requirements are met. This problem is commonly referred to as resources dimensioning problem. In this paper, we address the derivation of a closed-form expression for the optimal resources dimensioning of an SNS in terms of cost or energy efficiency. The performance requirement considered for the SNS is a limit on its mean response time. The performance model considered for the SNS is practical and accurate. The usefulness of the derived closed-form expression is successfully validated by means of simulation. The scenario considered for the validation is a video optimization chain located at the SGi-LAN of a mobile network.

@INPROCEEDINGS{9013963,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and T. {Taleb} and O. {El Marai} and M. {Bagaa}},  booktitle={2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)},   title={Closed-Form Expression for the Resources Dimensioning of Softwarized Network Services},   year={2019},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  abstract={Network Function Virtualization ecosystem enables the automation of deployment and scaling of softwarized network services (SNSs), thus reducing their operational expenditures. This enables operators to handle workload fluctuations, to keep the desired performance, with great agility and reduced costs. However, to realize the automation of such management practices, it is needed to determine the amount of required resources to allocate the SNS so that its performance requirements are met. This problem is commonly referred to as resources dimensioning problem. In this paper, we address the derivation of a closed-form expression for the optimal resources dimensioning of an SNS in terms of cost or energy efficiency. The performance requirement considered for the SNS is a limit on its mean response time. The performance model considered for the SNS is practical and accurate. The usefulness of the derived closed-form expression is successfully validated by means of simulation. The scenario considered for the validation is a video optimization chain located at the SGi-LAN of a mobile network.},  keywords={Time factors;Computational modeling;Closed-form solutions;Automation;Containers;Cloud computing;Load modeling},  doi={10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013963},  ISSN={2576-6813},  month={Dec}
}

"Sharing gNB components in RAN slicing: A perspective from 3GPP/NFV standards", O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)", pp. 1-7, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931318

To implement the next Generation NodeBs (gNBs) that are present in every Radio Access Network (RAN) slice subnet, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) enables the deployment of some of the gNB components as Virtual Networks Functions (VNFs). Deploying individual VNF instances for these components could guarantee the customization of each RAN slice subnet. However, due to the multiplicity of VNFs, the required amount of virtual resources will be greater compared to the case where a single VNF instance carries the aggregated traffic of all the RAN slice subnets. Sharing gNB components between RAN slice subnets could optimize the trade-off between customization, isolation and resource utilization. In this article, we shed light on the key aspects in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)/NFV standards for sharing gNB components. First, we identify four possible scenarios for sharing gNB components. Then, we analyze the impact of sharing on the customization level of each RAN slice subnet. Later, we determine the main factors that enable isolation between RAN slice subnets. Finally, we propose a 3GPP/NFV-based description model to define the lifecycle management of shared gNB components.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8931318,  author={O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)},   title={Sharing gNB components in RAN slicing: A perspective from 3GPP/NFV standards},   year={2019},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-7},  abstract={To implement the next Generation NodeBs (gNBs) that are present in every Radio Access Network (RAN) slice subnet, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) enables the deployment of some of the gNB components as Virtual Networks Functions (VNFs). Deploying individual VNF instances for these components could guarantee the customization of each RAN slice subnet. However, due to the multiplicity of VNFs, the required amount of virtual resources will be greater compared to the case where a single VNF instance carries the aggregated traffic of all the RAN slice subnets. Sharing gNB components between RAN slice subnets could optimize the trade-off between customization, isolation and resource utilization. In this article, we shed light on the key aspects in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)/NFV standards for sharing gNB components. First, we identify four possible scenarios for sharing gNB components. Then, we analyze the impact of sharing on the customization level of each RAN slice subnet. Later, we determine the main factors that enable isolation between RAN slice subnets. Finally, we propose a 3GPP/NFV-based description model to define the lifecycle management of shared gNB components.},  keywords={3GPP;Computer architecture;Ultra reliable low latency communication;Protocols;Next generation networking;Network function virtualization;3GPP;NFV;RAN slicing;sharing gNB components;description model},  doi={10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931318},  ISSN={2644-3252},  month={October}, project={5gcity|artemis}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68197}
}

"A Fuzzy Logic-based Mechanism for An Efficient Cloud Resource Planning", A. Laghrissi, T. Taleb, M. Bagaa, J. Prados-Garzon, "2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)", pp. 1-7, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2019.8885875

The key concept beneath Multi-Access Edge Computing (MECs) is to place cloud resources in closer proximity to end-users, through the installation of small-scale cloud infrastructures at the network edge. In MEC environments, we identify two issues: 1) data about users' activities are not always available, and 2) the available virtual resource planning mechanisms (i.e., algorithms for the placement of Virtual Network Functions - VNFs) are not efficient enough to fulfill the QoS requirements and deployment costs. In this vein, we design a layered framework to define the presence of Mobile BroadBand User Equipments (UEs) and automate the underlying virtual resource placement and management based on the Fuzzy Logic Controller paradigm (FLC). Experimentation results show that our framework, compared to baseline solutions, achieves good performance results; the end-to-end delay is enhanced by 25%, the resource consumption is reduced by 30%, and the environmental impact, reflected by the carbon footprint that depends on the amount of deployed Virtual Machines (VMs), is reduced by 50%.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8885875,  author={A. {Laghrissi} and T. {Taleb} and M. {Bagaa} and J. {Prados-Garzon}},  booktitle={2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)},   title={A Fuzzy Logic-based Mechanism for An Efficient Cloud Resource Planning},   year={2019},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-7},  abstract={The key concept beneath Multi-Access Edge Computing (MECs) is to place cloud resources in closer proximity to end-users, through the installation of small-scale cloud infrastructures at the network edge. In MEC environments, we identify two issues: 1) data about users' activities are not always available, and 2) the available virtual resource planning mechanisms (i.e., algorithms for the placement of Virtual Network Functions - VNFs) are not efficient enough to fulfill the QoS requirements and deployment costs. In this vein, we design a layered framework to define the presence of Mobile BroadBand User Equipments (UEs) and automate the underlying virtual resource placement and management based on the Fuzzy Logic Controller paradigm (FLC). Experimentation results show that our framework, compared to baseline solutions, achieves good performance results; the end-to-end delay is enhanced by 25%, the resource consumption is reduced by 30%, and the environmental impact, reflected by the carbon footprint that depends on the amount of deployed Virtual Machines (VMs), is reduced by 50%.},  keywords={Fuzzy sets;Fuzzy logic;Cloud computing;Bandwidth;Uplink;Downlink;Conferences},  doi={10.1109/WCNC.2019.8885875},  ISSN={1558-2612},  month={April}
}

"Performance of LoRaWAN networks in outdoor scenarios", Pablo Romero-Diaz, Laura Garcia, Sandra Sendra, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, "The Eighteenth International Conference on Networks (ICN 2019)", ISBN 9781612086958, pp. 1-6, 2019

@Inproceedings{romerodiazperformance2019,
	title = {Performance of {LoRaWAN} networks in outdoor scenarios},
	booktitle={The Eighteenth International Conference on Networks (ICN 2019)},
	isbn = {9781612086958},
	url = {http://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=icn_2019_1_10_30028},
	urldate = {2021-03-22},
	author = {Romero-Diaz, Pablo and Garcia, Laura and Sendra, Sandra and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge},
	month = mar,
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1-6},
	project = {5gcity}
}

"Improving hardware security for LoRaWAN", J. Navarro-Ortiz, N. Chinchilla-Romero, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Munoz-Luengo, "2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)", pp. 1-6, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931397

@Inproceedings{8931397,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and N. {Chinchilla-Romero} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Munoz-Luengo}},  booktitle={2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)},   title={Improving hardware security for LoRaWAN},   year={2019},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  doi={10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931397}, project="5gcity"}

"The use of 5G Non-Public Networks to support Industry 4.0 scenarios", Jose Ordonez-Lucena, Jesus Folgueira Chavarria, Luis M. Contreras, Antonio Pastor, "2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)", pp. 1-7, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931325

@INPROCEEDINGS{8931325,
  author={Ordonez-Lucena, Jose and Chavarria, Jesus Folgueira and Contreras, Luis M. and Pastor, Antonio},
  booktitle={2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)},
  title={The use of 5G Non-Public Networks to support Industry 4.0 scenarios},
  year={2019},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-7},
  doi={10.1109/CSCN.2019.8931325}}

"Energy and Delay Aware Physical Collision Avoidance in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles", S. Ouahouah, J. Prados-Garzon, T. Taleb, C. Benzaid, "2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)", pp. 1-7, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8647223

Several solutions have been proposed in the literature to address the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) collision avoidance problem. Most of these solutions consider that the ground controller system (GCS) determines the path of a UAV before starting a particular mission at hand. Furthermore, these solutions expect the occurrence of collisions based only on the GPS localization of UAVs as well as via object-detecting sensors placed on board UAVs. The sensors' sensitivity to environmental disturbances and the UAVs' influence on their accuracy impact negatively the efficiency of these solutions. In this vein, this paper proposes a new energy- and delay-aware physical collision avoidance solution for UAVs. The solution is dubbed EDCUAV. The primary goal of EDC-UAV is to build in-flight safe UAVs trajectories while minimizing the energy consumption and response time. We assume that each UAV is equipped with a global positioning system (GPS) sensor to identify its position. Moreover, we take into account the margin error of the GPS to provide the position of a given UAV. The location of each UAV is gathered by a cluster head, which is the UAV that has either the highest autonomy or the greatest computational capacity. The cluster head runs the EDC-UAV algorithm to control the rest of the UAVs, thus guaranteeing a collision free mission and minimizing the energy consumption to achieve different purposes. The proper operation of our solution is validated through simulations. The obtained results demonstrate the efficiency of EDC-UAV in achieving its design goals.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8647223,  author={S. {Ouahouah} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and T. {Taleb} and C. {Benzaid}},  booktitle={2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)},   title={Energy and Delay Aware Physical Collision Avoidance in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles},   year={2018},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-7},  abstract={Several solutions have been proposed in the literature to address the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) collision avoidance problem. Most of these solutions consider that the ground controller system (GCS) determines the path of a UAV before starting a particular mission at hand. Furthermore, these solutions expect the occurrence of collisions based only on the GPS localization of UAVs as well as via object-detecting sensors placed on board UAVs. The sensors' sensitivity to environmental disturbances and the UAVs' influence on their accuracy impact negatively the efficiency of these solutions. In this vein, this paper proposes a new energy- and delay-aware physical collision avoidance solution for UAVs. The solution is dubbed EDCUAV. The primary goal of EDC-UAV is to build in-flight safe UAVs trajectories while minimizing the energy consumption and response time. We assume that each UAV is equipped with a global positioning system (GPS) sensor to identify its position. Moreover, we take into account the margin error of the GPS to provide the position of a given UAV. The location of each UAV is gathered by a cluster head, which is the UAV that has either the highest autonomy or the greatest computational capacity. The cluster head runs the EDC-UAV algorithm to control the rest of the UAVs, thus guaranteeing a collision free mission and minimizing the energy consumption to achieve different purposes. The proper operation of our solution is validated through simulations. The obtained results demonstrate the efficiency of EDC-UAV in achieving its design goals.},  keywords={Global Positioning System;Unmanned aerial vehicles;Collision avoidance;Sensors;Trajectory;Optimization;Energy consumption},  doi={10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8647223},  ISSN={2576-6813},  month={Dec}, project={5gcity}
}

"A Queuing Based Dynamic Auto Scaling Algorithm for the LTE EPC Control Plane", J. Prados-Garzon, A. Laghrissi, M. Bagaa, T. Taleb, "2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)", pp. 1-7, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8648023

The network softwarization paradigm, enabled by Network Function Virtualization (NFV), facilitates the automation of management operations and orchestration of future networks, thus reducing their operational expenditures. The envisioned management practices include the introduction of automation in the scaling of network services. This may enable operators to handle workload fluctuations, to keep the desired performance, with great agility and reduced costs. This procedure introduces a non-negligible delay in allocating or releasing virtual resources. Therefore, waiting until the system is overloaded or underutilized so as to scale resources up or down could negatively impact the users' Quality of Experience, or lead to inefficient resource utilization. In this vein, this paper proposes a novel and agile Dynamic Auto Scaling Algorithm for the Control Plane (CP) of the Long Term Evolution' (LTE) virtualized Evolved Packet Core (vEPC). The resources dimensioning stage of the algorithm is based on an original queuing model for the CP. To model the CP, we use an open network of G/G/m queues. We also provide expressions to derive the steady state transition probabilities of the queuing network. Finally, we validate the proper operation of our solution using accurate simulation tools.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8648023,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and A. {Laghrissi} and M. {Bagaa} and T. {Taleb}},  booktitle={2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)},   title={A Queuing Based Dynamic Auto Scaling Algorithm for the LTE EPC Control Plane},   year={2018},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-7},  abstract={The network softwarization paradigm, enabled by Network Function Virtualization (NFV), facilitates the automation of management operations and orchestration of future networks, thus reducing their operational expenditures. The envisioned management practices include the introduction of automation in the scaling of network services. This may enable operators to handle workload fluctuations, to keep the desired performance, with great agility and reduced costs. This procedure introduces a non-negligible delay in allocating or releasing virtual resources. Therefore, waiting until the system is overloaded or underutilized so as to scale resources up or down could negatively impact the users' Quality of Experience, or lead to inefficient resource utilization. In this vein, this paper proposes a novel and agile Dynamic Auto Scaling Algorithm for the Control Plane (CP) of the Long Term Evolution' (LTE) virtualized Evolved Packet Core (vEPC). The resources dimensioning stage of the algorithm is based on an original queuing model for the CP. To model the CP, we use an open network of G/G/m queues. We also provide expressions to derive the steady state transition probabilities of the queuing network. Finally, we validate the proper operation of our solution using accurate simulation tools.},  keywords={Long Term Evolution;Queueing analysis;Heuristic algorithms;Servers;Analytical models;Delays;Adaptation models},  doi={10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8648023},  ISSN={2576-6813},  month={Dec}, project={5gcity}
}

"Simulador de 5G a partir del generador de canal QuaDRiGa", F. J. Quero de la Rosa, P. Munoz, J. F. Valenzuela-Valdes, "XXXIII Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8417293444, 2018

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2018,
	title = {Simulador de 5G a partir del generador de canal QuaDRiGa},
	booktitle={XXXIII Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {F. J. {Quero de la Rosa} and P. {Munoz} and J. F. {Valenzuela-Valdes}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2018},
	address={Granada, Spain},
	isbn={978-8417293444},
	pages = {}
}

"Analytic Analysis of Narrowband IoT Coverage Enhancement Approaches", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2018 Global Internet of Things Summit (GIoTS)", pp. 1-6, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/GIOTS.2018.8534539

The introduction of Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) as a cellular (NB-IoT) technology aims to support massive Machine-Type Communications applications. These applications are characterized by massive connections from a large number of low-complexity and low-power devices. One of the goals of NB-IoT is to improve coverage extension beyond existing cellular technologies. In order to do that, NB-IoT introduces transmission repetitions and different bandwidth allocation configurations in uplink. These new transmission approaches yield many transmission options in uplink. In this paper, we propose analytical expressions that describe the influence of these new approaches in the transmission. Our analysis is based on the Shannon theorem. The transmission is studied in terms of the required Signal to Noise Ratio, bandwidth utilization, and energy per transmitted bit. Additionally, we propose an uplink link adaptation algorithm that contemplates these new transmission approaches. The conducted evaluation summarizes the influence of these approaches. Furthermore, we present the resulting uplink link adaptation from our proposed algorithm sweeping the device's coverage.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8534539,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2018 Global Internet of Things Summit (GIoTS)},   title={Analytic Analysis of Narrowband IoT Coverage Enhancement Approaches},   year={2018},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  abstract={The introduction of Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) as a cellular (NB-IoT) technology aims to support massive Machine-Type Communications applications. These applications are characterized by massive connections from a large number of low-complexity and low-power devices. One of the goals of NB-IoT is to improve coverage extension beyond existing cellular technologies. In order to do that, NB-IoT introduces transmission repetitions and different bandwidth allocation configurations in uplink. These new transmission approaches yield many transmission options in uplink. In this paper, we propose analytical expressions that describe the influence of these new approaches in the transmission. Our analysis is based on the Shannon theorem. The transmission is studied in terms of the required Signal to Noise Ratio, bandwidth utilization, and energy per transmitted bit. Additionally, we propose an uplink link adaptation algorithm that contemplates these new transmission approaches. The conducted evaluation summarizes the influence of these approaches. Furthermore, we present the resulting uplink link adaptation from our proposed algorithm sweeping the device's coverage.},  keywords={Uplink;Signal to noise ratio;Internet of Things;Long Term Evolution;Narrowband;Data communication;Analytical model;coverage enhancement;link adaptation;nB-IoT},  doi={10.1109/GIOTS.2018.8534539},  ISSN={},  month={June}
}

"The Creation Phase in Network Slicing: From a Service Order to an Operative Network Slice", J. Ordonez-Lucena, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. F. Chavarria, D. Lopez, "2018 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)", pp. 1-36, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC.2018.8443255

Network slicing is considered a key mechanism to serve the multitude of tenants (e.g. vertical industries) targeted by forthcoming 5G systems in a flexible and cost-efficient manner. In this paper, we present a SDN/NFV architecture with multi-tenancy support. This architecture enables a network slice provider to deploy network slice instances for multiple tenants on-the-fly, and simultaneously provision them with isolation guarantees. Following the Network Slice as-a-Service delivery model, a tenant may access a Service Catalog, selecting the slice that best fits its needs and ordering its deployment. This work provides a detailed view on the stages that a network slice provider must follow to deploy the ordered network slice instance, accommodating it into a multi-domain infrastructure, and putting it operative for tenant's consumption. These stages address critical issues identified in the literature, including (i) the mapping from high-level service requirements to network functions and infrastructure requirements, (ii) the admission control, and (iii) the specific information a network slice descriptor should have. With the proposed architecture and the recommended set of stages, network slice providers can deploy (and later operate) slice instances with great agility, flexibility, and full automation.

@INPROCEEDINGS{8443255,
  author={J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. F. {Chavarria} and D. {Lopez}},
  booktitle={2018 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)},
  title={The Creation Phase in Network Slicing: From a Service Order to an Operative Network Slice},
  year={2018},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-36},
  abstract={Network slicing is considered a key mechanism to serve the multitude of tenants (e.g. vertical industries) targeted by forthcoming 5G systems in a flexible and cost-efficient manner. In this paper, we present a SDN/NFV architecture with multi-tenancy support. This architecture enables a network slice provider to deploy network slice instances for multiple tenants on-the-fly, and simultaneously provision them with isolation guarantees. Following the Network Slice as-a-Service delivery model, a tenant may access a Service Catalog, selecting the slice that best fits its needs and ordering its deployment. This work provides a detailed view on the stages that a network slice provider must follow to deploy the ordered network slice instance, accommodating it into a multi-domain infrastructure, and putting it operative for tenant's consumption. These stages address critical issues identified in the literature, including (i) the mapping from high-level service requirements to network functions and infrastructure requirements, (ii) the admission control, and (iii) the specific information a network slice descriptor should have. With the proposed architecture and the recommended set of stages, network slice providers can deploy (and later operate) slice instances with great agility, flexibility, and full automation.},
  keywords={5G mobile communication;quality of service;software defined networking;telecommunication congestion control;virtualisation;admission control;multidomain infrastructure;service catalog;network slice as-a-service delivery;SDN-NFV architecture;5G systems;operative network slice;network slice descriptor;ordered network slice instance;network slice provider;Network slicing;Computer architecture;Business;Europe;Wide area networks;Containers;Industries;Network Slicing;SDN;NFV;Service Catalog;Slice Instance Creation},
  doi={10.1109/EuCNC.2018.8443255},
  ISSN={2575-4912},
  month={June}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68204}
}

"Smart Infant Incubator Based on LoRa Networks", S. Sendra, P. Romero-Diaz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. Lloret, "2018 IEEE/ACS 15th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)", pp. 1-6, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/AICCSA.2018.8612863

@Inproceedings{8612863,  author={S. {Sendra} and P. {Romero-Diaz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. {Lloret}},  booktitle={2018 IEEE/ACS 15th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)},   title={Smart Infant Incubator Based on LoRa Networks},   year={2018},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  doi={10.1109/AICCSA.2018.8612863}, project={5gcity}}

"An architecture for the 5G control plane based on SDN and data distribution service", A. Llorens-Carrodeguas, C. Cervello-Pastor, I. Leyva-Pupo, J. M. Lopez-Soler, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. A. Exposito-Arenas, "2018 Fifth International Conference on Software Defined Systems (SDS)", pp. 105-111, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/SDS.2018.8370430

@Inproceedings{8370430,  author={A. {Llorens-Carrodeguas} and C. {Cervello-Pastor} and I. {Leyva-Pupo} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. A. {Exposito-Arenas}},  booktitle={2018 Fifth International Conference on Software Defined Systems (SDS)},   title={An architecture for the 5G control plane based on SDN and data distribution service},   year={2018},  volume={},  number={},  pages={105-111},  doi={10.1109/SDS.2018.8370430}, project={5gcity}}

"Performance of LoRaWAN on a Highway Scenario", P. Romero-Diaz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, S. Sendra, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, "XXXIII Simposium Nacional de la Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio (URSI 2018)", 2018

@Inproceedings{promeroursi18,  author={P. {Romero-Diaz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and S. {Sendra} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz}},  booktitle={XXXIII Simposium Nacional de la Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio (URSI 2018)},   title={Performance of LoRaWAN on a Highway Scenario},   year={2018}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/preprint_ursi2018_lorawan-performance-highway.pdf}, project="5gcity"}

"The Roll of Data Distribution Service in Failure-aware SDN Controllers", A. Llorens-Carrodeaguas, C. Cervello-Pastor, I. Leyva-Pupo, J. M. Lopez-Soler, J. Navarro-Ortiz, "XXXIII Simposium Nacional de la Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio (URSI 2018)", 2018

@Inproceedings{allorensursi18,  author={A. {Llorens-Carrodeaguas} and C. {Cervello-Pastor} and I. {Leyva-Pupo} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz}},  booktitle={XXXIII Simposium Nacional de la Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio (URSI 2018)},   title={The Roll of Data Distribution Service in Failure-aware SDN Controllers},   year={2018}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/preprint_dds_sdn_controllers.pdf}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://upcommons.upc.edu/handle/2117/126845}}

"WiMuNet's research on 5G and QoE", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Romero-Diaz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, S. Sendra, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "IV Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'18)", 2018

@Inproceedings{jpradosqqcm18,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Romero-Diaz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz-Luengo} and S. {Sendra} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={IV Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'18)}, title={WiMuNet's research on 5G and QoE}, year={2018}, project={5gcity}}

"Implementacion de mecanismos de mitigacion de tormentas de broadcast en redes de area local mediante Redes Definidas por Software", Barbara-Valera Muros, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, "XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica - JITEL2017", 2017

@Inproceedings{murosimplementacion2017,
	title = {Implementacion de mecanismos de mitigacion de tormentas de broadcast en redes de area local mediante {Redes} {Definidas} por {Software}},
	copyright = {Authors who submit to this conference agree to the following terms:   a)  Authors retain copyright over their work, while allowing the conference to place this unpublished work under a  Creative Commons License ,  which allows others to freely access, use, and share the work, with an  acknowledgement of the work's authorship and its initial presentation at  this conference.   b)  Authors are able to waive  the terms of the CC license and enter into separate, additional  contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution and  subsequent publication of this work (e.g., publish a revised version in a  journal, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a  book), with an acknowledgement of its initial presentation at this  conference.    c)  In addition, authors are  encouraged to post and share their work online (e.g., in institutional  repositories or on their website) at any point before and after the  conference.},
	url = {http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/JITEL/JITEL2017/paper/view/6585},
	language = {es},
	urldate = {2021-03-22},
	booktitle = {{XIII} {Jornadas} de {Ingenieria} {Telematica} - {JITEL2017}},
	author = {Muros, Barbara-Valera and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge},
	month = October,
	year = {2017},
	project = {5gcity},
	pdf={https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/101927}
}

"Red SDN para el control de un aula energeticamente eficiente para la elaboracion de practicas reales a distancia", Marina Terron-Camero, Sandra Sendra, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Jaime Lloret, "XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica - JITEL2017", 2017

@Inproceedings{terroncamerored2017,
	title = {Red {SDN} para el control de un aula energeticamente eficiente para la elaboracion de practicas reales a distancia},
	copyright = {Authors who submit to this conference agree to the following terms:   a)  Authors retain copyright over their work, while allowing the conference to place this unpublished work under a  Creative Commons License ,  which allows others to freely access, use, and share the work, with an  acknowledgement of the work's authorship and its initial presentation at  this conference.   b)  Authors are able to waive  the terms of the CC license and enter into separate, additional  contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution and  subsequent publication of this work (e.g., publish a revised version in a  journal, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a  book), with an acknowledgement of its initial presentation at this  conference.    c)  In addition, authors are  encouraged to post and share their work online (e.g., in institutional  repositories or on their website) at any point before and after the  conference.},
	url = {http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/JITEL/JITEL2017/paper/view/6613},
	language = {es},
	urldate = {2021-03-22},
	booktitle = {{XIII} {Jornadas} de {Ingenieria} {Telematica} - {JITEL2017}},
	author = {Terron-Camero, Marina and Sendra, Sandra and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Lloret, Jaime},
	month = October,
	year = {2017},
	project = {5gcity},
	pdf = {https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/102657}
}

"Analytical modeling for Virtualized Network Functions", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)", pp. 979-985, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962786

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is considered one of the key technologies for the 5G mobile networks. In NFV, network functions are implemented in software components denominated Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) running on commodity hardware. In this paper, we propose an analytical model based on an open queuing network of G/G/m queues to model VNFs with several components, and chains of VNFs. Our model is flexible and generic enough to capture the behavior of such systems. We validate our model by simulation. Specifically, we validate it for an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity with a three-tiered architecture use case. We also compare our model with the estate of the art, in terms of computational complexity and estimation error. The results show that our model has a computational complexity similar to the method for analyzing Jackson's networks. Additionally, our model exhibits an estimation error, measured as the relative error for the estimation of the mean response time, approximately equal to 10%, whereas for the considered baseline systems it ranges roughly from 60% to 90%.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7962786,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)},   title={Analytical modeling for Virtualized Network Functions},   year={2017},  volume={},  number={},  pages={979-985},  abstract={Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is considered one of the key technologies for the 5G mobile networks. In NFV, network functions are implemented in software components denominated Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) running on commodity hardware. In this paper, we propose an analytical model based on an open queuing network of G/G/m queues to model VNFs with several components, and chains of VNFs. Our model is flexible and generic enough to capture the behavior of such systems. We validate our model by simulation. Specifically, we validate it for an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity with a three-tiered architecture use case. We also compare our model with the estate of the art, in terms of computational complexity and estimation error. The results show that our model has a computational complexity similar to the method for analyzing Jackson's networks. Additionally, our model exhibits an estimation error, measured as the relative error for the estimation of the mean response time, approximately equal to 10%, whereas for the considered baseline systems it ranges roughly from 60% to 90%.},  keywords={Computational modeling;Analytical models;Iron;5G mobile communication;Computer architecture;Time factors;Queueing analysis;5G;NFV;VNF;analytical model;queuing model},  doi={10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962786},  ISSN={2474-9133},  month={May}, project={5gcity}
}

"Capacity self-planning in Small Cell multi-tenant 5G Networks", P. Munoz, O. Sallent, J. Perez-Romero, "2017 IFIP/IEEE Symposium on Integrated Network and Service Management (IM)", pp. 1109-1114, 2017. DOI: 10.23919/INM.2017.7987449

Multi-tenancy allows diverse agents sharing the infrastructure in the 5th generation of mobile networks. Such a feature calls for more automated and faster planning procedures in order to adapt the network capacity to the varying traffic demand. To achieve these goals, Small Cells offer network providers more flexible, scalable, and cost-effective solutions compared to macrocell deployments. This paper proposes a novel framework for cell planning in multi-tenant Small Cell networks. In this framework, the tenant's contracted capacity is translated to a set of detailed planning specifications over time and space domains in order to efficiently update the network infrastructure and configuration. Based on this, an algorithm is proposed that considers different actions such as adding/removing channels and adding or relocating small cells. The proposed approach is evaluated considering the deployment of a new tenant, where different sets of planning specifications are tested.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7987449,
	author={P. {Munoz} and O. {Sallent} and J. {Perez-Romero}},
	booktitle={2017 IFIP/IEEE Symposium on Integrated Network and Service Management (IM)},
	title={Capacity self-planning in Small Cell multi-tenant 5G Networks},
	year={2017},
	volume={},
	number={},
	pages={1109-1114},
	abstract={Multi-tenancy allows diverse agents sharing the infrastructure in the 5th generation of mobile networks. Such a feature calls for more automated and faster planning procedures in order to adapt the network capacity to the varying traffic demand. To achieve these goals, Small Cells offer network providers more flexible, scalable, and cost-effective solutions compared to macrocell deployments. This paper proposes a novel framework for cell planning in multi-tenant Small Cell networks. In this framework, the tenant's contracted capacity is translated to a set of detailed planning specifications over time and space domains in order to efficiently update the network infrastructure and configuration. Based on this, an algorithm is proposed that considers different actions such as adding/removing channels and adding or relocating small cells. The proposed approach is evaluated considering the deployment of a new tenant, where different sets of planning specifications are tested.},
	keywords={5G mobile communication;cellular radio;channel capacity;telecommunication network planning;telecommunication traffic;capacity self-planning;small cell multi-tenant 5G networks;5th generation mobile networks;network capacity;traffic demand;network providers;Planning;Bandwidth;Capacity planning;Computer architecture;5G mobile communication;Measurement;Mobile computing;Capacity planning;dimensioning;multi-tenancy;Small Cells;5G networks;SON},
	doi={10.23919/INM.2017.7987449},
	ISSN={},
	month={May},
	project={related5gcity},
	pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68229}
}

"Optimized LTE data transmission procedures for IoT: Device side energy consumption analysis", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)", pp. 540-545, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962714

The efficient deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) over cellular networks, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or the next generation 5G, entails several challenges. For massive IoT, reducing the energy consumption on the device side becomes essential. One of the main characteristics of massive IoT is small data transmissions. To improve the support of them, the 3GPP has included two novel optimizations in LTE: one of them based on the Control Plane (CP), and the other on the User Plane (UP). In this paper, we analyze the average energy consumption per data packet using these two optimizations compared to conventional LTE Service Request procedure. We propose an analytical model to calculate the energy consumption for each procedure based on a Markov chain. In the considered scenario, for large and small Inter-Arrival Times (IATs), the results of the three procedures are similar. While for medium IATs CP reduces the energy consumption per packet up to 87% due to its connection release optimization.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7962714,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)},   title={Optimized LTE data transmission procedures for IoT: Device side energy consumption analysis},   year={2017},  volume={},  number={},  pages={540-545},  abstract={The efficient deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) over cellular networks, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or the next generation 5G, entails several challenges. For massive IoT, reducing the energy consumption on the device side becomes essential. One of the main characteristics of massive IoT is small data transmissions. To improve the support of them, the 3GPP has included two novel optimizations in LTE: one of them based on the Control Plane (CP), and the other on the User Plane (UP). In this paper, we analyze the average energy consumption per data packet using these two optimizations compared to conventional LTE Service Request procedure. We propose an analytical model to calculate the energy consumption for each procedure based on a Markov chain. In the considered scenario, for large and small Inter-Arrival Times (IATs), the results of the three procedures are similar. While for medium IATs CP reduces the energy consumption per packet up to 87% due to its connection release optimization.},  keywords={Long Term Evolution;Energy consumption;Optimization;Data communication;3GPP;Context;Security},  doi={10.1109/ICCW.2017.7962714},  ISSN={2474-9133},  month={May}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/68238}
}

"Servicio centralizado de proyeccion de material docente", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Sandra Sendra, Pablo Ameigeiras, Angel de la Torre, Luz Garcia, Angel M. Gomez, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Sonia Mota, Pablo Padilla, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Javier Ramirez, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Antonio Ruiz-Moya, Jose Carlos Segura, "V Jornadas de Innovacion Educativa at XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2017)", 2017

@INPROCEEDINGS{jnavarrojitel17,  author={Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Sendra, Sandra and Ameigeiras, Pablo and de la Torre, Angel and Garcia, Luz and Gomez, Angel M. and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel and Mota, Sonia and Padilla, Pablo and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ramirez, Javier and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Ruiz-Moya, Antonio and Segura, Jose Carlos},  booktitle={V Jornadas de Innovacion Educativa at XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2017)}, title={Servicio centralizado de proyeccion de material docente},   year={2017}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/52-6508.pdf}}

"Diseno y evaluacion de un servicio OpenFlow de provision de Calidad de Experiencia sobre Mininet", Cristian Prieto Sanchez, P. Maldonado, Jonathan Prados Garzon, J. Ramos-Munoz, "XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2017)", 2017

@inproceedings{Snchez2017DiseoYE,
  title={Diseno y evaluacion de un servicio OpenFlow de provision de Calidad de Experiencia sobre Mininet},
  booktitle={XIII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2017)},
  author={Cristian Prieto Sanchez and P. Maldonado and Jonathan Prados Garzon and J. Ramos-Munoz},
  year={2017}, project={5gcity}, pdf={https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/101930}
}

"Low-cost wearable bluetooth sensor for epileptic episodes detection", J. M. Ramirez-Alaminos, S. Sendra, J. Lloret, J. Navarro-Ortiz, "2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)", pp. 1-6, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/ICC.2017.7997413

@Inproceedings{7997413,  author={J. M. {Ramirez-Alaminos} and S. {Sendra} and J. {Lloret} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz}},  booktitle={2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)},   title={Low-cost wearable bluetooth sensor for epileptic episodes detection},   year={2017},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  doi={10.1109/ICC.2017.7997413}}

"Handover implementation in a 5G SDN-based mobile network architecture", J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)", pp. 1-6, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794936

Requirements for 5G mobile networks includes a higher flexibility, scalability, cost effectiveness and energy efficiency. Towards these goals, Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization have been adopted in recent proposals for future mobile networks architectures because they are considered critical technologies for 5G. In this paper, we propose an X2-based handover implementation in an SDN-based and partially virtualized LTE architecture. Moreover, the architecture considered operates at link level, which provides lower latency and higher scalability. In our implementation, we use MPLS tunnels for user plane instead of GTP-U protocol, which introduces a significant overhead. To verify the correct operation of our system, we developed a simulator. It implements the messages exchange and processing of the primary network entities. Using this tool we measured the handover preparation and completion times, whose estimated values were roughly 6.94 ms and 8.31 ms, respectively, according to our experimental setup. These latencies meet the expected requirements concerning control plane delay budgets for 5G networks.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7794936,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)},   title={Handover implementation in a 5G SDN-based mobile network architecture},   year={2016},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-6},  abstract={Requirements for 5G mobile networks includes a higher flexibility, scalability, cost effectiveness and energy efficiency. Towards these goals, Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization have been adopted in recent proposals for future mobile networks architectures because they are considered critical technologies for 5G. In this paper, we propose an X2-based handover implementation in an SDN-based and partially virtualized LTE architecture. Moreover, the architecture considered operates at link level, which provides lower latency and higher scalability. In our implementation, we use MPLS tunnels for user plane instead of GTP-U protocol, which introduces a significant overhead. To verify the correct operation of our system, we developed a simulator. It implements the messages exchange and processing of the primary network entities. Using this tool we measured the handover preparation and completion times, whose estimated values were roughly 6.94 ms and 8.31 ms, respectively, according to our experimental setup. These latencies meet the expected requirements concerning control plane delay budgets for 5G networks.},  keywords={Long Term Evolution;Handover;Mobile computing;5G mobile communication;Computer architecture;Handover;5G;SDN;NFV;virtualized LTE/EPC},  doi={10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794936},  ISSN={2166-9589},  month={September}
}

"MME Support for M2M Communications Using Network Function Virtualization", Pilar Andres-Maldonado, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jonathan Prados, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "The Twelfth Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications. AICT 2016. Valencia, Spain", ISBN 2308-4030/978-1-61208-473-2, 2016

@inproceedings{lopezsoler2016,
author = {Andres-Maldonado, Pilar and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Prados, Jonathan and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
booktitle = {The Twelfth Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications. AICT 2016. Valencia, Spain},
year = {2016},
month = {May},
isbn = {2308-4030/978-1-61208-473-2},
title = {MME Support for M2M Communications Using Network Function Virtualization},
project =" AGINET",
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305491037_MME_Support_for_M2M_Communications_Using_Network_Function_Virtualization}
}

"Reduced M2M signaling communications in 3GPP LTE and future 5G cellular networks", P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2016 Wireless Days (WD)", pp. 1-3, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/WD.2016.7461499

The increase of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications over cellular networks imposes new requirements and challenges that current networks have to handle with. Many M2M UEs (User Equipment) may send small infrequent data, which suppose a challenge for cellular networks not optimized for such traffic, where signaling load could increase significantly and cause congestion over the network. This paper evaluates current proposals to manage small transmissions over the Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular network. We also propose a new Random Access-based Small IP packet Transmission (RASIPT) procedure for M2M UEs small data transmissions. Its main feature is data transfer without establishment of Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection to reduce signaling overhead. In our design, we assume a Software Defined Networking-based architecture for 5G system. When compared with current LTE scheme, our procedure reduces significantly the signaling load generated by M2M UEs small transmissions.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7461499,  author={P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2016 Wireless Days (WD)},   title={Reduced M2M signaling communications in 3GPP LTE and future 5G cellular networks},   year={2016},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-3},  abstract={The increase of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications over cellular networks imposes new requirements and challenges that current networks have to handle with. Many M2M UEs (User Equipment) may send small infrequent data, which suppose a challenge for cellular networks not optimized for such traffic, where signaling load could increase significantly and cause congestion over the network. This paper evaluates current proposals to manage small transmissions over the Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular network. We also propose a new Random Access-based Small IP packet Transmission (RASIPT) procedure for M2M UEs small data transmissions. Its main feature is data transfer without establishment of Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection to reduce signaling overhead. In our design, we assume a Software Defined Networking-based architecture for 5G system. When compared with current LTE scheme, our procedure reduces significantly the signaling load generated by M2M UEs small transmissions.},  keywords={5G mobile communication;Data communication;3GPP;Uplink;Wireless communication;Long Term Evolution;Context;machine to machine;small data transmission;SDT;SDN},  doi={10.1109/WD.2016.7461499},  ISSN={},  month={March}
}

"Latency evaluation of a virtualized MME", J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Andres-Maldonado, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2016 Wireless Days (WD)", pp. 1-3, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/WD.2016.7461500

Network Virtualization is one of the key technologies for developing the future mobile networks. In this paper we propose an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity queue model to evaluate its service time for a given signaling workload. Additionally, we provide a compound data traffic model for the future mobile applications, and we predict theoretically the control workload that it will generate. Finally, we evaluate the virtualized Mobility Management Entity overall mean delay by simulation, providing insights for selecting the number of processing instances for a given number of users.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7461500,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2016 Wireless Days (WD)},   title={Latency evaluation of a virtualized MME},   year={2016},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-3},  abstract={Network Virtualization is one of the key technologies for developing the future mobile networks. In this paper we propose an LTE virtualized Mobility Management Entity queue model to evaluate its service time for a given signaling workload. Additionally, we provide a compound data traffic model for the future mobile applications, and we predict theoretically the control workload that it will generate. Finally, we evaluate the virtualized Mobility Management Entity overall mean delay by simulation, providing insights for selecting the number of processing instances for a given number of users.},  keywords={Delays;Process control;Computational modeling;Cloud computing;Mathematical model;Iron;Wireless communication;virtualized MME;queue model;NFV;LTE},  doi={10.1109/WD.2016.7461500},  ISSN={},  month={March}
}

"Wireless and Multimedia Networking laboratory", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Andres-Maldonado, P. Romero-Diaz, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, S. Sendra, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "II Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'16)", 2016

@Inproceedings{jpradosqqcm16,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Andres-Maldonado} and P. {Romero-Diaz} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and P. {Munoz-Luengo} and S. {Sendra} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={II Workshop on QoE, QoS on Multimedia Communications (QQCM'16)}, title={Wireless and Multimedia Networking laboratory},   year={2016}}

"Integration of Mobile Context in the Diagnosis of Small Cell Networks", S. Fortes, R. Barco, A. Aguilar-Garcia, P. Munoz, "Joint NEWCOM/COST Workshop on Wireless Communications JNCW 2015", 2015

@Inproceedings{newcom2015,
	title = {Integration of Mobile Context in the Diagnosis of Small Cell Networks},
	booktitle={Joint NEWCOM/COST Workshop on Wireless Communications JNCW 2015},
	author = {S. {Fortes} and R. {Barco} and A. {Aguilar-Garcia} and P. {Munoz}},
	month = {October},
	year = {2015},
	address={Barcelona, Spain},
	pages = {}
}

"Analisis de indicadores para el balance de carga en redes de femtoceldas", A. Aguilar-Garcia, R. Barco, S. Fortes, P. Munoz, "XXX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", 2015

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2015,
	title = {Analisis de indicadores para el balance de carga en redes de femtoceldas},
	booktitle={XXX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {A. {Aguilar-Garcia} and R. {Barco} and S. {Fortes} and P. {Munoz}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2015},
	address={Pamplona, Spain},
	pages = {}
}

"Analysis of overload indicators for traffic balance in indoor femtocell networks", A. Aguilar-Garcia, R. Barco, S. Fortes, P. Munoz, "13th Scientific Meeting, COST action IC1004", 2015

@Inproceedings{IC10042015b,
	title = {Analysis of overload indicators for traffic balance in indoor femtocell networks},
	booktitle={13th Scientific Meeting, COST action IC1004},
	author = {A. {Aguilar-Garcia} and R. {Barco} and S. {Fortes} and P. {Munoz}},
	month = {May},
	year = {2015},
	address={Valencia, Spain},
	pages = {}
}

"A Novel Cell Outage Detection Method for Self-Organizing Networks", I. de la Bandera, R. Barco, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, "13th Scientific Meeting, COST action IC1004", 2015

@Inproceedings{IC10042015a,
	title = {A Novel Cell Outage Detection Method for Self-Organizing Networks},
	booktitle={13th Scientific Meeting, COST action IC1004},
	author = {I. {de la Bandera} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano}},
	month = {May},
	year = {2015},
	address={Valencia, Spain},
	pages = {}
}

"Diseno de una arquitectura para la red de acceso para 5G basada en SDN", P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, L. Schumacher, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)", 2015

@Inproceedings{pameigeirasjitel15,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and L. {Schumacher} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)}, title={Diseno de una arquitectura para la red de acceso para 5G basada en SDN},   year={2015}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel15_arquitectura5g.pdf}}

"Wireless and Multimedia Networking (WiMuNet) laboratory", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Prados-Garzon, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)", 2015

@Inproceedings{jnavarrojitel15,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={XII Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2015)}, title={Wireless and Multimedia Networking (WiMuNet) laboratory},   year={2015}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel15_wimunet.pdf}}

"LTE performance data reduction for knowledge acquisition", E. J. Khatib, R. Barco, I. Serrano, P. Munoz, "2014 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)", ISBN 978-1479974702, pp. 270-274, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOMW.2014.7063443

In the last years, mobile networks have seen a great increase in complexity, as the data traffic, the demand for quality and the variety of offered services have grown. The management costs of modern networks are growing, at the same time as operators compete to offer shorter downtime and less impact of network issues on the user experience. Self-Organizing Networks (SON) offer a solution to these problems. Among these SON functionalities in cellular networks, self-healing automates the resolution of problems in the radio access network. To perform the task of diagnosis (or root cause analysis), Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS) are often used. These systems need a previous process of training (or learning), in which they are fed instances of real problems. In this paper, an algorithm for extracting the key information for these vectors is proposed. The inputs of the algorithm are big matrices of time-dependent network performance data, and the outputs are simple one-dimensional vectors ready to be used in learning algorithms.

@INPROCEEDINGS{7063443,
	author={E. J. {Khatib} and R. {Barco} and I. {Serrano} and P. {Munoz}},
	booktitle={2014 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)},
	title={LTE performance data reduction for knowledge acquisition},
	year={2014},
	volume={},
	number={},
	pages={270-274},
	abstract={In the last years, mobile networks have seen a great increase in complexity, as the data traffic, the demand for quality and the variety of offered services have grown. The management costs of modern networks are growing, at the same time as operators compete to offer shorter downtime and less impact of network issues on the user experience. Self-Organizing Networks (SON) offer a solution to these problems. Among these SON functionalities in cellular networks, self-healing automates the resolution of problems in the radio access network. To perform the task of diagnosis (or root cause analysis), Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS) are often used. These systems need a previous process of training (or learning), in which they are fed instances of real problems. In this paper, an algorithm for extracting the key information for these vectors is proposed. The inputs of the algorithm are big matrices of time-dependent network performance data, and the outputs are simple one-dimensional vectors ready to be used in learning algorithms.},
	keywords={cellular radio;fault tolerant computing;knowledge acquisition;Long Term Evolution;radio access networks;LTE performance data reduction;knowledge acquisition;self-organizing networks;SON;cellular networks;self-healing;radio access network;root cause analysis;knowledge-based systems;time-dependent network performance data;learning algorithms;Market research;Degradation;Conferences;Vectors;Time series analysis;Mobile communication;Databases},
	doi={10.1109/GLOCOMW.2014.7063443},
	ISSN={2166-0077},
	isbn={978-1479974702},
	month={Dec},}

"Ethernet-based mobility architecture for 5G", A. F. Cattoni, P. E. Mogensen, S. Vesterinen, M. Laitila, L. Schumacher, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, "2014 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)", pp. 449-454, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet.2014.6969036

A massive traffic increase is foreseen in the near future in mobile networks. Such data storm is expected to pose new challenging requirements to the existing mobile network architecture, since the traffic will be generated by a wide set of applications running on an increasingly high number of mobile devices and sensors. In this paper we propose a paradigm shift for the Evolved Packet Core for the future 5G system. By leveraging on the economy of scale of software-based ICT technologies, namely Software Defined Networking and cloud computing, we propose a hierarchically cloudified mobile network. In particular, in this paper we focus on the mobility aspects within such new architecture, proposing low latency Layer 2 solutions for the Access Network, while exploiting aggregating Layer 3 mobility functionalities in the regional and national clouds.

@INPROCEEDINGS{6969036,  author={A. F. {Cattoni} and P. E. {Mogensen} and S. {Vesterinen} and M. {Laitila} and L. {Schumacher} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz}},  booktitle={2014 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)},   title={Ethernet-based mobility architecture for 5G},   year={2014},  volume={},  number={},  pages={449-454},  abstract={A massive traffic increase is foreseen in the near future in mobile networks. Such data storm is expected to pose new challenging requirements to the existing mobile network architecture, since the traffic will be generated by a wide set of applications running on an increasingly high number of mobile devices and sensors. In this paper we propose a paradigm shift for the Evolved Packet Core for the future 5G system. By leveraging on the economy of scale of software-based ICT technologies, namely Software Defined Networking and cloud computing, we propose a hierarchically cloudified mobile network. In particular, in this paper we focus on the mobility aspects within such new architecture, proposing low latency Layer 2 solutions for the Access Network, while exploiting aggregating Layer 3 mobility functionalities in the regional and national clouds.},  keywords={Computer architecture;Mobile computing;Control systems;Scalability;Cloud computing;Mobile radio mobility management},  doi={10.1109/CloudNet.2014.6969036},  ISSN={},  month={Oct}
}

"Compensacion de Celdas Degradadas en Redes LTE", I. de la Bandera, R. Barco, A. Gomez-Andrades, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, "XXIX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8490482643, 2014

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2014a,
	title = {Compensacion de Celdas Degradadas en Redes LTE},
	booktitle={XXIX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {I. {de la Bandera} and R. {Barco} and A. {Gomez-Andrades} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2014},
	address={Valencia, Spain},
	isbn={978-8490482643},
	pages = {}
}

"Optimizacion Conjunta de Balance de Carga y Movilidad en Redes LTE", P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. de la Bandera, "XXIX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8490482643, 2014

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2014b,
	title = {Optimizacion Conjunta de Balance de Carga y Movilidad en Redes LTE},
	booktitle={XXIX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and I. {de la Bandera}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2014},
	address={Valencia, Spain},
	isbn={978-8490482643},
	pages = {}
}

"Simulador de fallos en una red LTE para sistemas de diagnosis", A. Gomez-Andrades, P. Munoz, R. Barco, E. J. Khatib, I. de la Bandera, I. Serrano, "XXIX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8490482643, 2014

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2014c,
	title = {Simulador de fallos en una red LTE para sistemas de diagnosis},
	booktitle={XXIX Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {A. {Gomez-Andrades} and P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and E. J. {Khatib} and I. {de la Bandera} and I. {Serrano}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2014},
	address={Valencia, Spain},
	isbn={978-8490482643},
	pages = {}
}

"Virtualizacion de estaciones base para comunicaciones moviles 5G", J. Navarro-Ortiz, "Jornada de presentacion y seguimiento del programa “Projects for Young Researchers (PYR-2014) de la iniciativa GENIL asociada al CEI BioTic de la Universidad de Granada", 2014

@Inproceedings{jnavarroogenil14,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz}},  booktitle={Jornada de presentacion y seguimiento del programa “Projects for Young Researchers (PYR-2014) de la iniciativa GENIL asociada al CEI BioTic de la Universidad de Granada}, title={Virtualizacion de estaciones base para comunicaciones moviles 5G},   year={2014}}

"NAPA: An algorithm to auto-tune unicast reliable communications over DDS", Juan J. Martin-Carrascosa, Jose M- Lopez-Vega, Javier Povedano-Molina, and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2013). Granada, Spain.
", ISBN 978-84-616-5597-7, 2013

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2013,
	title = {NAPA: An algorithm to auto-tune unicast reliable communications over DDS},
	booktitle={XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2013). Granada, Spain.
},
	isbn = {978-84-616-5597-7},
	author = {Juan J. Martin-Carrascosa and Jose M- Lopez-Vega and Javier Povedano-Molina and and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = October,
	year = {2013},
	url = {http://dtstc.ugr.es/jitel2013/},
	project = ""
}

"Sensitivity Analysis and Self- Optimization of LTE Intra-Frequency Handover", P. Munoz, I. de la Bandera, R. Barco, M. Toril, S. Luna, J. M. Ruiz, "6th Scientific Meeting, COST action IC1004", 2013

@Inproceedings{IC10042013,
	title = {Sensitivity Analysis and Self- Optimization of LTE Intra-Frequency Handover},
	booktitle={6th Scientific Meeting, COST action IC1004},
	author = {P. {Munoz} and I. {de la Bandera} and R. {Barco} and M. {Toril} and S. {Luna} and J. M. {Ruiz}},
	month = {February},
	year = {2013},
	address={Malaga, Spain},
	pages = {}
}

"YouTube traffic detection and characteristics extraction", J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. Prados-Garzon, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2013)", 2013

@Inproceedings{jnavarrojitel13,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica (JITEL 2013)}, title={YouTube traffic detection and characteristics extraction},   year={2013}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel13_youtubedetection.pdf}}

"Simulation-based performance study of YouTube service in 3G LTE", J. Prados-Garzon, P. Ameigeiras, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2013 IEEE 14th International Symposium on "A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks" (WoWMoM)", pp. 1-3, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/WoWMoM.2013.6583422

@Inproceedings{6583422,  author={J. {Prados-Garzon} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2013 IEEE 14th International Symposium on "A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks" (WoWMoM)},   title={Simulation-based performance study of YouTube service in 3G LTE},   year={2013},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-3},  doi={10.1109/WoWMoM.2013.6583422}}

"Objetive and Perceptual Impact of TCP Dropping Policies on VoIP Flows", Erika Patricia Alvarez-Flores, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, "The Fourth International Conferences on Advanced Service Computing (SERVICE COMPUTATION 2012). Nice, France.
", ISBN 2308-3549 / 978-1-61208-215-8, 2012

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2012,
	title = {Objetive and Perceptual Impact of TCP Dropping Policies on VoIP Flows},
	booktitle={The Fourth International Conferences on Advanced Service Computing (SERVICE COMPUTATION 2012). Nice, France.
},
	isbn = {2308-3549 / 978-1-61208-215-8},
	author = {Erika Patricia Alvarez-Flores and Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz and Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler},
	month = July,
	year = {2012},
	url = {http://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=service_computation_2012_4_30_10094},
	project = ""
}

"DDS-enabled Cloud management support for fast task offloading", A. Corradi, L. Foschini, J. Povedano-Molina, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "2012 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)", pp. 000067-000074, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/ISCC.2012.6249270

Cloud computing has become an essential technology not only for web provisioning, but also in mobile scenarios. Mobile devices are usually resource constrained due to processing and power limitations, so typical applications are not easy portable. Battery draining and application performance (resource shortage) have a big impact on the experienced quality, so shifting applications and services to the Cloud may improve mobile user's satisfaction. However, available Cloud solutions are mostly focused on scenarios with slowly changing provisioning, which are unable to support and promptly react to short-term provisioning requests. To address the new scenario, this paper proposes a novel Cloud monitoring and management architecture based on the data-centric publish-subscribe Data Distribution Service (DDS) standard. We present not only an architecture proposal, but also a real prototype that we have deployed in our experimental testbed. The experimental results show that our architecture is able to support the scheduling of highly dynamic tasks in the Cloud while maintaining low overheads.

@INPROCEEDINGS{6249270,  author={A. {Corradi} and L. {Foschini} and J. {Povedano-Molina} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={2012 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)},   title={DDS-enabled Cloud management support for fast task offloading},   year={2012},  volume={},  number={},  pages={000067-000074},  abstract={Cloud computing has become an essential technology not only for web provisioning, but also in mobile scenarios. Mobile devices are usually resource constrained due to processing and power limitations, so typical applications are not easy portable. Battery draining and application performance (resource shortage) have a big impact on the experienced quality, so shifting applications and services to the Cloud may improve mobile user's satisfaction. However, available Cloud solutions are mostly focused on scenarios with slowly changing provisioning, which are unable to support and promptly react to short-term provisioning requests. To address the new scenario, this paper proposes a novel Cloud monitoring and management architecture based on the data-centric publish-subscribe Data Distribution Service (DDS) standard. We present not only an architecture proposal, but also a real prototype that we have deployed in our experimental testbed. The experimental results show that our architecture is able to support the scheduling of highly dynamic tasks in the Cloud while maintaining low overheads.},  keywords={Monitoring;Peer to peer computing;Computer architecture;Publish-subscribe;Proposals;Data models;Servers;Cloud monitoring;Cloud management;OpenStack;publish-subscribe;data-centric;DDS},  doi={10.1109/ISCC.2012.6249270},  ISSN={1530-1346},  month={July}}

"Video Tester: A multiple-metric framework for video quality assessment over IP networks", I. Ucar, J. Navarro-Ortiz, P. Ameigeiras, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "IEEE international Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting", pp. 1-5, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/BMSB.2012.6264243

@Inproceedings{6264243,  author={I. {Ucar} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and P. {Ameigeiras} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler}},  booktitle={IEEE international Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting},   title={Video Tester: A multiple-metric framework for video quality assessment over IP networks},   year={2012},  volume={},  number={},  pages={1-5},  doi={10.1109/BMSB.2012.6264243}}

"Optimizacion del Umbral de Traspaso para Femtoceldas LTE", G. Jimenez, R. Barco, P. Munoz, M. Toril, "XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8493393458, 2011

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2011c,
	title = {Optimizacion del Umbral de Traspaso para Femtoceldas LTE},
	booktitle={XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {G. {Jimenez} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and M. {Toril}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2011},
	address={Leganes, Spain},
	isbn={978-8493393458},
	pages = {}
}

"Algoritmo de Seleccion para Descarte en Esquemas AQM para un Doble Servicio Equitativo", Erika Patricia Alvarez-Flores, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Lorenia Cantu Ballesteros, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, "11 Congreso Nacional de Ingenieria Electrica y Electronica (CONIEEM 2011)
Yucatan, Mexico", 2011

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2011b,
	title = {Algoritmo de Seleccion para Descarte en Esquemas AQM para un Doble Servicio Equitativo},
	booktitle={11 Congreso Nacional de Ingenieria Electrica y Electronica (CONIEEM 2011)
Yucatan, Mexico},
	author = {Erika Patricia Alvarez-Flores and Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz and Lorenia Cantu Ballesteros and Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler},
	month = September,
	year = {2011},
	url = {http://www.cesues.edu.mx/PDFS/investigacion_y_desarrollo/CONVOCATORIA_CONIEEM_2011.pdf},
	pages = {},
	project = ""
}

"Optimizacion del balance de carga en redes LTE mediante el algoritmo de Q-learning difuso", P. Munoz, I. de la Bandera, R. Barco, M. Toril, S. Luna, "XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8493393458, 2011

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2011d,
	title = {Optimizacion del balance de carga en redes LTE mediante el algoritmo de Q-learning difuso},
	booktitle={XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {P. {Munoz} and I. {de la Bandera} and R. {Barco} and M. {Toril} and S. {Luna}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2011},
	address={Leganes, Spain},
	isbn={978-8493393458},
	pages = {}
}

"Auto-ajuste del margen de handover en redes LTE", I. de la Bandera, P. Munoz, R. Barco, M. Toril, S. Luna, "XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8493393458, 2011

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2011a,
	title = {Auto-ajuste del margen de handover en redes LTE},
	booktitle={XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {I. {de la Bandera} and P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and M. {Toril} and S. {Luna}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2011},
	address={Leganes, Spain},
	isbn={978-8493393458},
	pages = {}
}

"Balance de carga en escenario urbano mediante controlador difuso para redes LTE", J. Rodriguez, I. de la Bandera, P. Munoz, R. Barco, "XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", ISBN 978-8493393458, 2011

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2011b,
	title = {Balance de carga en escenario urbano mediante controlador difuso para redes LTE},
	booktitle={XXVI Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {J. {Rodriguez} and I. {de la Bandera} and P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco}},
	month = {September},
	year = {2011},
	address={Leganes, Spain},
	isbn={978-8493393458},
	pages = {}
}

"Analysis of load sharing techniques in enterprise LTE femtocells", J. M. R. Aviles, S. Luna-Ramirez, M. Toril, F. Ruiz, I. de la Bandera-Cascales, P. Munoz-Luengo, "2011 Wireless Advanced", ISBN 978-1457701108, pp. 195-200, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/WiAd.2011.5983310

In cellular networks, traffic demand is unevenly distributed both in time and space. This paper investigates the problem of re-distributing traffic demand between LTE femtocells in an enterprise scenario. A performance comparison of several traffic sharing techniques is carried out based on simulations. For this purpose, an efficient dynamic system-level LTE simulator is built. Results show that the combination of directed retry and load sharing by tuning handover margins and transmit power is an effective means to solve localized congestion problems.

@INPROCEEDINGS{5983310,
	author={J. M. R. {Aviles} and S. {Luna-Ramirez} and M. {Toril} and F. {Ruiz} and I. {de la Bandera-Cascales} and P. {Munoz-Luengo}},
	booktitle={2011 Wireless Advanced},
	title={Analysis of load sharing techniques in enterprise LTE femtocells},
	year={2011},
	volume={},
	number={},
	pages={195-200},
	abstract={In cellular networks, traffic demand is unevenly distributed both in time and space. This paper investigates the problem of re-distributing traffic demand between LTE femtocells in an enterprise scenario. A performance comparison of several traffic sharing techniques is carried out based on simulations. For this purpose, an efficient dynamic system-level LTE simulator is built. Results show that the combination of directed retry and load sharing by tuning handover margins and transmit power is an effective means to solve localized congestion problems.},
	keywords={cellular radio;femtocellular radio;Long Term Evolution;telephone traffic;load sharing techniques analysis;enterprise LTE Femtocells;cellular networks;traffic demand;redistributing traffic demand;traffic sharing techniques;system-level LTE simulator;Femtocells;Computational modeling;Load management;Optimization;Fading;Tuning;Macrocell networks;Mobile network;traffic;load balancing;optimization;handover margins},
	doi={10.1109/WiAd.2011.5983310},
	ISSN={},
	isbn={978-1457701108},
	month={June},
}

"Optimization of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for Handover-Based Load Balancing", P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. de la Bandera, M. Toril, S. Luna-Ramirez, "2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)", ISBN 978-1424483327, pp. 1-5, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/VETECS.2011.5956148

In Self-Organizing Networks (SON), load balancing has been recognized as an effective means to increase network performance. In cellular networks, cell load balancing can be achieved by tuning handover parameters, for which a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) usually provides good performance and usability. Operator experience can be used to define the behavior of the FLCs. However, such a knowledge is not always available and hence optimization techniques must be applied in the controller design. In this work, a fuzzy Q-Learning algorithm is proposed to find the optimal set of fuzzy rules in an FLC for traffic balancing in GSM-EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN). Load balancing is performed by modifying handover margins. Simulation results show that the optimized FLC provides a significant reduction in call blocking.

@INPROCEEDINGS{5956148,
	author={P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and I. {de la Bandera} and M. {Toril} and S. {Luna-Ramirez}},
	booktitle={2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)},
	title={Optimization of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for Handover-Based Load Balancing},
	year={2011},
	volume={},
	number={},
	pages={1-5},
	abstract={In Self-Organizing Networks (SON), load balancing has been recognized as an effective means to increase network performance. In cellular networks, cell load balancing can be achieved by tuning handover parameters, for which a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) usually provides good performance and usability. Operator experience can be used to define the behavior of the FLCs. However, such a knowledge is not always available and hence optimization techniques must be applied in the controller design. In this work, a fuzzy Q-Learning algorithm is proposed to find the optimal set of fuzzy rules in an FLC for traffic balancing in GSM-EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN). Load balancing is performed by modifying handover margins. Simulation results show that the optimized FLC provides a significant reduction in call blocking.},
	keywords={3G mobile communication;cellular radio;fuzzy control;radio access networks;resource allocation;fuzzy logic controller;handover-based load balancing;self-organizing networks;cellular networks;cell load balancing;fuzzy Q-learning algorithm;traffic balancing;GSM-EDGE radio access network;Load management;Optimization;Fuzzy logic;Learning;Conferences;Pragmatics;Load modeling},
	doi={10.1109/VETECS.2011.5956148},
	ISSN={1550-2252},
	isbn={978-1424483327},
	month={May},
}

"Load Balancing in a Realistic Urban Scenario for LTE Networks", J. Rodriguez, I. De la Bandera, P. Munoz, R. Barco, "2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)", ISBN 978-1424483327, pp. 1-5, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/VETECS.2011.5956149

In this paper the behavior and the self-optimization of an LTE network under realistic conditions are investigated. To enhance network performance in a urban environment a controller to auto-tune parameters has been proposed. An urban mobility model has also been defined in order to test the proposed method under realistic conditions. This model allows to investigate some performance features, which are not visible with a simple mobility model. In this paper, we propose to use a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for the optimization of handover parameters for adaptive load balancing. Results show that under an agglomeration of vehicles in a main road of the scenario, the proposed method achieves an improvement in the global Call Blocking Ratio (CBR).

@INPROCEEDINGS{5956149,
	author={J. {Rodriguez} and I. {De la Bandera} and P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco}},
	booktitle={2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)},
	title={Load Balancing in a Realistic Urban Scenario for LTE Networks},
	year={2011},
	volume={},
	number={},
	pages={1-5},
	abstract={In this paper the behavior and the self-optimization of an LTE network under realistic conditions are investigated. To enhance network performance in a urban environment a controller to auto-tune parameters has been proposed. An urban mobility model has also been defined in order to test the proposed method under realistic conditions. This model allows to investigate some performance features, which are not visible with a simple mobility model. In this paper, we propose to use a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for the optimization of handover parameters for adaptive load balancing. Results show that under an agglomeration of vehicles in a main road of the scenario, the proposed method achieves an improvement in the global Call Blocking Ratio (CBR).},
	keywords={fuzzy control;Long Term Evolution;mobility management (mobile radio);resource allocation;telecommunication control;realistic urban scenario;LTE networks;auto-tune parameters;urban mobility model;fuzzy logic controller;FLC;handover parameters;adaptive load balancing;call blocking ratio;CBR;Load modeling;Computational modeling;Roads;Adaptation models;Load management;Vehicles;Optimization},
	doi={10.1109/VETECS.2011.5956149},
	ISSN={1550-2252},
	isbn={978-1424483327},
	month={May},
}

" An extensible DDS-based monitoring and intrusion detection system", Fernando Garcia Aranda, Javier Sanchez-Monedero, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Workshop on Real-time, Embedded and Enterprise-Scale Time-Critical Systems. Arlington, VA USA", 2011

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2011a,
	title = { An extensible DDS-based monitoring and intrusion detection system},
	booktitle={Workshop on Real-time, Embedded and Enterprise-Scale Time-Critical Systems. Arlington, VA USA},
	author = {Fernando Garcia Aranda and Javier Sanchez-Monedero and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = March,
	year = {2011},
	project = ""
}

"Mejora del aprendizaje y aprovechamiento del alumno en el laboratorio de practicas", Jose Camacho, Pablo Padilla, A. Lietor, Gabriel Macia, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Francisco Javier Salcedo-Campos, Francisco de Toro, "II Jornadas de Innovacion Educativa Cen Ingenieria Telematica (JIE 11)", 2011

@INPROCEEDINGS{camachojie11,  author={Camacho, Jose and Padilla, Pablo and Lietor, A. and Macia, Gabriel and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Salcedo-Campos, Francisco Javier and de Toro, Francisco},  booktitle={II Jornadas de Innovacion Educativa Cen Ingenieria Telematica (JIE 11)}, title={Mejora del aprendizaje y aprovechamiento del alumno en el laboratorio de practicas},   year={2011}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jie11_laboratorio.pdf}}

"Mejora del aprendizaje y aprovechamiento del alumno en el laboratorio de practicas", Jose Camacho, Pablo Padilla, A. Lietor, Gabriel Macia, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Francisco Javier Salcedo-Campos, Francisco de Toro, "II Jornadas de Innovacion Docente y Adaptacion al Espacio Europeo de Educacion Superior en las Titulaciones Tecnicas (INDOTEC 2011)", 2011

@INPROCEEDINGS{camachoindotech11,  author={Camacho, Jose and Padilla, Pablo and Lietor, A. and Macia, Gabriel and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Salcedo-Campos, Francisco Javier and de Toro, Francisco},  booktitle={II Jornadas de Innovacion Docente y Adaptacion al Espacio Europeo de Educacion Superior en las Titulaciones Tecnicas (INDOTEC 2011)}, title={Mejora del aprendizaje y aprovechamiento del alumno en el laboratorio de practicas},   year={2011}, url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel07_laboratorio.pdf}}

"Estimation of link-layer quality parameters in a system-level LTE simulator", P. Munoz, I. de la Bandera, R. Barco, F. Ruiz, M. Toril, S. Luna-Ramirez, "2010 Fifth International Conference on Broadband and Biomedical Communications", ISBN 978-1424469512, pp. 1-5, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/IB2COM.2010.5723613

The Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is the next generation of current mobile telecommunication networks. LTE has a new flat radio-network architecture and a significant increase in spectrum efficiency. In this paper a link level implementation in a system-level LTE simulator is proposed. There are two important functions at link level to increase the network capacity: Link Adaptation and Dynamic Scheduling. These functions are based on user connection quality. A physical layer abstraction is performed to predict link-layer performance with a low computational cost. In this manner, realistic OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) channel realizations with multi-path fading propagation conditions are generated at this layer to obtain an accurately value of Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) for each subcarrier. Thus, a method to aggregate SIR measurements of several OFDM subcarriers into a single scalar value is described. Finally, the previously calculated SIR is then used to estimate Block Error Rate (BLER), which is used in the Link Adaptation and Dynamic Scheduling functions.

@INPROCEEDINGS{5723613,
	author={P. {Munoz} and I. {de la Bandera} and R. {Barco} and F. {Ruiz} and M. {Toril} and S. {Luna-Ramirez}},
	booktitle={2010 Fifth International Conference on Broadband and Biomedical Communications},
	title={Estimation of link-layer quality parameters in a system-level LTE simulator},
	year={2010},
	volume={},
	number={},
	pages={1-5},
	abstract={The Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is the next generation of current mobile telecommunication networks. LTE has a new flat radio-network architecture and a significant increase in spectrum efficiency. In this paper a link level implementation in a system-level LTE simulator is proposed. There are two important functions at link level to increase the network capacity: Link Adaptation and Dynamic Scheduling. These functions are based on user connection quality. A physical layer abstraction is performed to predict link-layer performance with a low computational cost. In this manner, realistic OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) channel realizations with multi-path fading propagation conditions are generated at this layer to obtain an accurately value of Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) for each subcarrier. Thus, a method to aggregate SIR measurements of several OFDM subcarriers into a single scalar value is described. Finally, the previously calculated SIR is then used to estimate Block Error Rate (BLER), which is used in the Link Adaptation and Dynamic Scheduling functions.},
	keywords={dynamic scheduling;fading channels;interference (signal);mobile radio;multipath channels;next generation networks;OFDM modulation;link layer quality parameters;system-level LTE simulator;long term evolution;next generation;mobile telecommunication networks;flat radio-network architecture;spectrum efficiency;link adaptation;dynamic scheduling;user connection quality;orthogonal frequency division multiplexing;multi-path fading propagation;signal-to-interference ratio;block error rate;OFDM;Fading;Computational modeling;Encoding;Phase shift keying;Interference},
	doi={10.1109/IB2COM.2010.5723613},
	ISSN={},
	isbn={978-1424469512},
	month={Dec},
}

" EMDS: an Extensible Multimedia Distribution Service ", Javier Povedano-Molina, Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Workshop on Real-time, Embedded and Enterprise-Scale Time-Critical Systems. Arlington, VA USA", 2010

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2010d,
	title = { EMDS: an Extensible Multimedia Distribution Service },
	booktitle={Workshop on Real-time, Embedded and Enterprise-Scale Time-Critical Systems. Arlington, VA USA},
	author = {Javier Povedano-Molina and Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = May,
	year = {2010},
	project = ""
}

"DDS/SIP Interworking: A DDS-SIP Gateway", Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Javier Povedano-Molina, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Workshop on Real-time, Embedded and Enterprise-Scale Time-Critical Systems. Arlington, VA USA", 2010

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2010c,
	title = {DDS/SIP Interworking: A DDS-SIP Gateway},
	booktitle={Workshop on Real-time, Embedded and Enterprise-Scale Time-Critical Systems. Arlington, VA USA},
	author = {Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Javier Povedano-Molina and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = May,
	year = {2010},
	project = ""
}

"Quality of experience based resource sharing in IEEE 802.11e HCCA", J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, G. Stea, "2010 European Wireless Conference (EW)", pp. 454-461, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/EW.2010.5483493

When dealing with multiple traffic classes, it is often difficult to define a single resource sharing criterion. For instance, VoIP flows require low delay and losses, whereas FTP traffic requires high throughput. In this paper, we propose to use the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) as a unifying criterion, and to share resources so as to keep the MOS of the various flows above an acceptable threshold whenever possible. We present four different resource sharing policies: Preemptive, Non-preemptive, MOS-driven Fairness and Revenue Optimization. We analyze the different approaches through simulation, comparing their performance in terms of end-user Quality of Experience and revenue. Our results show that our scheme reacts to the changing traffic scenarios so as to achieve the pre-specified objective, thus achieving an effective exploitation of the limited bandwidth resources.

@INPROCEEDINGS{5483493,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and G. {Stea}},  booktitle={2010 European Wireless Conference (EW)},   title={Quality of experience based resource sharing in IEEE 802.11e HCCA},   year={2010},  volume={},  number={},  pages={454-461},  abstract={When dealing with multiple traffic classes, it is often difficult to define a single resource sharing criterion. For instance, VoIP flows require low delay and losses, whereas FTP traffic requires high throughput. In this paper, we propose to use the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) as a unifying criterion, and to share resources so as to keep the MOS of the various flows above an acceptable threshold whenever possible. We present four different resource sharing policies: Preemptive, Non-preemptive, MOS-driven Fairness and Revenue Optimization. We analyze the different approaches through simulation, comparing their performance in terms of end-user Quality of Experience and revenue. Our results show that our scheme reacts to the changing traffic scenarios so as to achieve the pre-specified objective, thus achieving an effective exploitation of the limited bandwidth resources.},  keywords={Resource management;Bandwidth;Traffic control;Telecommunication traffic;Scheduling algorithm;Measurement;Delay;Throughput;Protocols;3G mobile communication;802.11e;HCCA;Quality of Experience;Scheduling;Resource allocation policies},  doi={10.1109/EW.2010.5483493},  ISSN={},  month={April}}

"Politicas de QoS en una Plataforma de Trabajo Colaborativo sobre Middleware DDS", Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Javier Povedano Molina, Javier Sanchez-Monedero, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "XIII Jornadas de Tiempo Real JTR2010. Granada, Spain", ISBN 978-84-92757-51-0, pp. 143-154, 2010

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2010a,
	title = {Politicas de QoS en una Plataforma de Trabajo Colaborativo sobre Middleware DDS},
	booktitle={XIII Jornadas de Tiempo Real JTR2010. Granada, Spain},
	isbn = {978-84-92757-51-0},
	author = {Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Javier Povedano Molina and Javier Sanchez-Monedero and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = February,
	year = {2010},
	pages = {143-154},
	project = ""
}

" Instant Messaging Based Interface for Data Distribution Service", Javier Povedano Molina, Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Javier Sanchez-Monedero, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "XIII Jornadas de Tiempo Real JTR2010. Granada, Spain", ISBN 978-84-92757-51-0, pp. 223-330, 2010

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2010b,
	title = { Instant Messaging Based Interface for Data Distribution Service},
	booktitle={XIII Jornadas de Tiempo Real JTR2010. Granada, Spain},
	isbn = {978-84-92757-51-0},
	author = {Javier Povedano Molina and Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Javier Sanchez-Monedero and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = February,
	year = {2010},
	pages = {223-330},
	project = ""
}

"Diseno del nivel de enlace para un simulador LTE", P. Munoz, I. de la Bandera, R. Barco, F. Ruiz, M. Toril, S. Luna, "XXV Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)", 2010

@Inproceedings{MunozURSI2010,
	title = {Diseno del nivel de enlace para un simulador LTE},
	booktitle={XXV Simposio de la URSI (Union Cientifica Internacional de Radio)},
	author = {P. {Munoz} and I. {de la Bandera} and R. {Barco} and F. {Ruiz} and M. {Toril} and S. {Luna}},
	month = {},
	year = {2010},
	address={Bilbao, Spain},
	pages = {}
}

"QoE Evaluation of Scheduling Algorithms for NRT Services in LTE", Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Ramiro-Moreno, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, "ICT-MobileSummit 2009. Santander, Spain", ISBN 978-1-905824-12-0, 2009

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2009,
	title = {QoE Evaluation of Scheduling Algorithms for NRT Services in LTE},
	booktitle={ICT-MobileSummit 2009. Santander, Spain},
	url = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.453.4750},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan J. Ramos-Munoz and Jorge Navarro-Ortiz and Juan Ramiro-Moreno and Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler},
	month = June,
	year = {2009},
	isbn={978-1-905824-12-0},
	project = ""
}

"QoS Policies for Audio/Video Distribution over DDS Middleware", Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Javier Sanchez Monedero, Javier Povedano Molina, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Workshop on Distributed Object Computing for Real-Time and Embedded Systems. Arlington, VA USA", 2008

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2008b,
author = {Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Javier Sanchez Monedero and Javier Povedano Molina and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
year = {2008},
month = {July},
title = {QoS Policies for Audio/Video Distribution over DDS Middleware},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265172718_QoS_Policies_for_AudioVideo_Distribution_Over_DDS_Middleware},
	booktitle={Workshop on Distributed Object Computing for Real-Time and Embedded Systems. Arlington, VA USA}
}

"An XML-based Approach to the Configuration and Deployment of DDS Applications", Javier Sanchez Monedero, Jose M. Lopez-Vega, Javier Povedano Molina, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Workshop on Distributed Object Computing for Real-Time and Embedded Systems. Arlington, VA USA", 2008

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2008a,
author = {Javier Sanchez Monedero and Jose M. Lopez-Vega and Javier Povedano Molina and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
year = {2008},
month = {July},
pages = {},
title = {An XML-based Approach to the Configuration and Deployment of DDS Applications},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Javier-Sanchez-Monedero/publication/265172586_An_XML-Based_Approach_to_the_Configuration_and_Deployment_of_DDS_Applications/links/5551dade08ae739bdb92611d/An-XML-Based-Approach-to-the-Configuration-and-Deployment-of-DDS-Applications.pdf},
	booktitle={Workshop on Distributed Object Computing for Real-Time and Embedded Systems. Arlington, VA USA}
}

"Diseno e Implantacion de un Laboratorio para la Docencia de Redes Telematicas", Gabriel Macia Fernandez, Jesus E. Diaz Verdejo, Pedro Garcia Teodoro, Juan M. Lopez Soler, Juan Jose Ramos Munoz, Francisco Jesus De Toro Negro, Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, "VI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica. Malaga, Spain", pp. 593-596, 2007

@Inproceedings{lopezSoler2007a,
	title = {Diseno e Implantacion de un Laboratorio para la Docencia de Redes Telematicas},
	booktitle={VI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica. Malaga, Spain},
	isbn = {},
	url = {http://},
	urldate = {},
	author = {Gabriel Macia Fernandez and Jesus E. Diaz Verdejo and  Pedro Garcia Teodoro and  Juan M. Lopez Soler and  Juan Jose Ramos Munoz and  Francisco Jesus De Toro Negro and Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez and  Jorge Navarro-Ortiz},
	month = September,
	year = {2007},
	pages = {593-596},
	project = "",
	url={http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/jitel07_laboratorio.pdf}
}

"Session Initiation and Management Protocol for Call-Centers (Simpler)", Francisco Angel Garcia Valverde, Manuel Diaz Garcia, Juan Jose Ramos Munoz, Juan Manuel Lopez Soler, "VI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica. Malaga, Spain", pp. 513-519, 2007

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2007b,
	title = {Session Initiation and Management Protocol for Call-Centers (Simpler)},
	booktitle={VI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica. Malaga, Spain},
	author = {Francisco Angel Garcia Valverde and  Manuel Diaz Garcia and  Juan Jose Ramos Munoz and  Juan Manuel Lopez Soler},
	month = September,
	year = {2007},
	pages = {513-519},
	project = ""
}

"Scalable DDS Discovery Protocols Based on Bloom Filters", Javier Sanchez-Monedero, Javier Povedano-Molina, Lopez-Soler Juan M., "Workshop on Distributed Object Computing for Real-Time and Embedded Systems. Arlington, VA USA", 2007

@Inproceedings{lopezSoler2007c,
author = {Sanchez-Monedero, Javier and Povedano-Molina, Javier and Lopez-Soler Juan M.},
year = {2007},
month = {July},
pages = {},
title = {Scalable DDS Discovery Protocols Based on Bloom Filters},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237532369_Scalable_DDS_Discovery_Protocols_Based_on_Bloom_Filters},
	booktitle={Workshop on Distributed Object Computing for Real-Time and Embedded Systems. Arlington, VA USA}
}

"BOOTES-IR: a robotic nIR astronomical observatory devoted to follow-up of transient phenomena", A. J. Castro-Tirado, R. Cunniffe, A. de Ugarte Postigo, M. Jelinek, S. Vitek, P. Kubanek, J. Gorosabel, S. Castillo Carrion, T. J. Mateo Sanguino, A. Riva, P. Conconi, V. di Caprio, F. Zerbi, P. Amado, C. Cardenas, A. Claret, S. Guziy, S. Martin-Ruiz, M. A. Sanchez, P. Garcia Teodoro, J. M. Castro Ceron, J. Diaz Verdejo, R. Hudec, J. M. Lopez-Soler, J. A. Berna Galiano, J. Casares, J. Fabregat, P. Pata, C. Sanchez Fernandez, M. D. Sabau-Graziati, J. M. Trigo-Rodriguez, F. Vitali, "Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes", pp. 170-179, 2006. DOI: 10.1117/12.671579

"BOOTES-IR" is the extension of the BOOTES experiment, which has been operating in Southern Spain since
1998, to the near-infrared (nIR). The goal is to follow up the early stage of the gamma ray burst (GRB)
afterglow emission in the nIR, as BOOTES does already at optical wavelengths. The scientific case that drives
the BOOTES-IR performance is the study of GRBs with the support of spacecraft like HETE-2, INTEGRAL and
SWIFT (and GLAST in the future). Given that the afterglow emission in both, the nIR and the optical, in the
instances immediately following a GRB, is extremely bright (reached V = 8.9 in one case), it should be possible
to detect this prompt emission at nIR wavelengths too. Combined observations by BOOTES-IR and BOOTES-1
and BOOTES-2 since 2006 can allow for real time identification of trustworthy candidates to have a ultra-high
redshift (z > 6). It is expected that, few minutes after a GRB, the nIR magnitudes be H ~ 10-15, hence very
high quality spectra can be obtained for objects as far as z = 10 by much larger ground-based telescopes. A
significant fraction of observing time will be available for other scientific projects of interest, objects relatively
bright and variable, like Solar System objects, brown dwarfs, variable stars, planetary nebulae, compact objects
in binary systems and blazars.

@inproceedings{castro06,
author = {A. J. Castro-Tirado and R. Cunniffe and A. de Ugarte Postigo and M. Jelinek and S. Vitek and P. Kubanek and J. Gorosabel and S. Castillo Carrion and T. J. Mateo Sanguino and A. Riva and P. Conconi and V. di Caprio and F. Zerbi and P. Amado and C. Cardenas and A. Claret and S. Guziy and S. Martin-Ruiz and M. A. Sanchez and P. Garcia Teodoro and J. M. Castro Ceron and J. Diaz Verdejo and R. Hudec and J. M. Lopez-Soler and J. A. Berna Galiano and J. Casares and J. Fabregat and P. Pata and C. Sanchez Fernandez and M. D. Sabau-Graziati and J. M. Trigo-Rodriguez and F. Vitali},
title = {{BOOTES-IR: a robotic nIR astronomical observatory devoted to follow-up of transient phenomena}},
volume = {6267},
booktitle = {Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes},
editor = {Larry M. Stepp},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {170-179},
abstract = {"BOOTES-IR" is the extension of the BOOTES experiment, which has been operating in Southern Spain since
1998, to the near-infrared (nIR). The goal is to follow up the early stage of the gamma ray burst (GRB)
afterglow emission in the nIR, as BOOTES does already at optical wavelengths. The scientific case that drives
the BOOTES-IR performance is the study of GRBs with the support of spacecraft like HETE-2, INTEGRAL and
SWIFT (and GLAST in the future). Given that the afterglow emission in both, the nIR and the optical, in the
instances immediately following a GRB, is extremely bright (reached V = 8.9 in one case), it should be possible
to detect this prompt emission at nIR wavelengths too. Combined observations by BOOTES-IR and BOOTES-1
and BOOTES-2 since 2006 can allow for real time identification of trustworthy candidates to have a ultra-high
redshift (z > 6). It is expected that, few minutes after a GRB, the nIR magnitudes be H ~ 10-15, hence very
high quality spectra can be obtained for objects as far as z = 10 by much larger ground-based telescopes. A
significant fraction of observing time will be available for other scientific projects of interest, objects relatively
bright and variable, like Solar System objects, brown dwarfs, variable stars, planetary nebulae, compact objects
in binary systems and blazars.},
keywords = {Robotic telescopes, telescope software, near-IR instrumentation, cryogenics},
year = {2006},
doi = {10.1117/12.671579},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.671579}}

"Fuzzy-Genetic Methodology for Web-Based Computed Aided Diagnosis in Medical Applications", Francisco Jesus De Toro Negro, Javier Aroba Paez, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Computational Intelligence, Theory and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg", ISBN 978-3-540-34780-4, pp. 201-213, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-34783-6_21

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2006,
	title = {Fuzzy-Genetic Methodology for Web-Based Computed Aided Diagnosis in Medical Applications},
	booktitle={Computational Intelligence, Theory and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg},
	isbn = {978-3-540-34780-4},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-34783-6_21},
	author = {Francisco Jesus De Toro Negro and Javier Aroba Paez and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {201-213},
	project = "",
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-34783-6_21}
}

"Efficient Allocation for VoIP Packet Losses Detection Services in Programmable and Active Networks", J. J. Ramos-Munoz, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "Joint International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems and International Conference on Networking and Services - (icas-isns'05)", ISBN 0-7695-2450-8, pp. 52, 2005. DOI: 10.1109/ICAS-ICNS.2005.47

@INPROCEEDINGS{lopezsoler2005b,
author = {J. J. Ramos-Munoz and J. M. Lopez-Soler},
booktitle = {Joint International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems and International Conference on Networking and Services - (icas-isns'05)},
title = {Efficient Allocation for VoIP Packet Losses Detection Services in Programmable and Active Networks},
year = {2005},
pages = {52},
doi = {10.1109/ICAS-ICNS.2005.47},
url = {https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICAS-ICNS.2005.47},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
month = {October},
isbn ={0-7695-2450-8}
}

"Low Delay Multiflow Block Interleavers for Real-Time Audio Streaming", Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Networking - ICN 2005", ISBN 978-3-540-31956-6, pp. 909-916, 2005

In spite of the Internet design principle of putting the complexity on the end-to-end entities, this work contributes to demonstrate what benefits can be expected by adding some processing capabilities to the network nodes for the class of interactive audio streaming applications. In particular, we deal with the bursty-error-prone nature of the Internet by proposing and evaluating a new multiflow block interleaver algorithm. After the conducted simulations, we show that our algorithm can efficiently mitigate the negative impact of long bursts. And what it is more, it is achieved by fulfilling the end-to-end audio time constraint requirements.

@InProceedings{ramos05,
author="Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.
and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.",
editor="Lorenz, Pascal
and Dini, Petre",
title="Low Delay Multiflow Block Interleavers for Real-Time Audio Streaming",
booktitle="Networking - ICN 2005",
year="2005",
publisher="Springer Berlin Heidelberg",
address="Berlin, Heidelberg",
pages="909-916",
abstract="In spite of the Internet design principle of putting the complexity on the end-to-end entities, this work contributes to demonstrate what benefits can be expected by adding some processing capabilities to the network nodes for the class of interactive audio streaming applications. In particular, we deal with the bursty-error-prone nature of the Internet by proposing and evaluating a new multiflow block interleaver algorithm. After the conducted simulations, we show that our algorithm can efficiently mitigate the negative impact of long bursts. And what it is more, it is achieved by fulfilling the end-to-end audio time constraint requirements.",
isbn="978-3-540-31956-6"}

"Ubicacion Eficiente de Servicios de Deteccion de perdidas para VOIP en Redes Programables y de Recubrimiento", Juan Jose Ramos Munoz, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "V Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica, Vigo, Spain. JITEL 2005", ISBN 84-8408-346-2, pp. 321-328, 2005

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2005a,
	title = {Ubicacion Eficiente de Servicios de Deteccion de perdidas para VOIP en Redes Programables y de Recubrimiento},
	booktitle={V Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica, Vigo, Spain. JITEL 2005},
	isbn = {84-8408-346-2},
	author = {Juan Jose Ramos Munoz and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {321-328},
	project = ""
}

"Performance of the M-LWDF scheduling algorithm for streaming services in HSDPA", P. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004", pp. 999-1003 Vol. 2, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400171

The present paper analyzes the paradigm of providing streaming services over HSDPA. The provision of QoS to streaming users imposes two major challenges on the HSDPA technology, namely, satisfying the guaranteed bit rate and delay jitter constraints. Focusing on the latter QoS requirement, the operation of the packet scheduling functionality completely determines the node B queuing streaming packets prior to their transmission through the radio interface, and therefore the scheduler plays a key role in the satisfaction of the delay jitter constraint.

@INPROCEEDINGS{1400171,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004},   title={Performance of the M-LWDF scheduling algorithm for streaming services in HSDPA},   year={2004},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={999-1003 Vol. 2},  abstract={The present paper analyzes the paradigm of providing streaming services over HSDPA. The provision of QoS to streaming users imposes two major challenges on the HSDPA technology, namely, satisfying the guaranteed bit rate and delay jitter constraints. Focusing on the latter QoS requirement, the operation of the packet scheduling functionality completely determines the node B queuing streaming packets prior to their transmission through the radio interface, and therefore the scheduler plays a key role in the satisfaction of the delay jitter constraint.},  keywords={Scheduling algorithm;Multiaccess communication;Delay;Jitter;Processor scheduling;Streaming media;Throughput;Performance analysis;Traffic control;Algorithm design and analysis},  doi={10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400171},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={Sep.}
}

"Performance of packet scheduling methods with different degree of fairness in HSDPA", P. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004", pp. 860-864 Vol. 2, 2004. DOI: 10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400143

The present paper focuses on assessing the performance of the packet scheduler in HSDPA. The investigation has especially concentrated on assessing different scheduling methods with different degrees of fairness for non-delay-sensitive elastic traffic. The fairness ultimately determines the QoS perceived by the users. The results show that very unfair scheduling methods provide the highest HSDPA cell throughput for best effort NRT traffic, although, under heavy load situations, the unfairness of these policies causes the starvation of users under poor average radio propagation conditions. Under minimum user throughput guarantees, the proportional fair algorithm provides the highest cell capacity of all tested algorithms. With this scheduler, the provision of user throughput guarantees of CA, 128 and 384 kbit/s (for at least 95% of the users) incurs on a cell throughput reduction respectively of around 10, 30 and 80% relative to the maximum cell throughput for best effort traffic (i.e. no user throughput guarantees at all).

@INPROCEEDINGS{1400143,  author={P. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004},   title={Performance of packet scheduling methods with different degree of fairness in HSDPA},   year={2004},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={860-864 Vol. 2},  abstract={The present paper focuses on assessing the performance of the packet scheduler in HSDPA. The investigation has especially concentrated on assessing different scheduling methods with different degrees of fairness for non-delay-sensitive elastic traffic. The fairness ultimately determines the QoS perceived by the users. The results show that very unfair scheduling methods provide the highest HSDPA cell throughput for best effort NRT traffic, although, under heavy load situations, the unfairness of these policies causes the starvation of users under poor average radio propagation conditions. Under minimum user throughput guarantees, the proportional fair algorithm provides the highest cell capacity of all tested algorithms. With this scheduler, the provision of user throughput guarantees of CA, 128 and 384 kbit/s (for at least 95% of the users) incurs on a cell throughput reduction respectively of around 10, 30 and 80% relative to the maximum cell throughput for best effort traffic (i.e. no user throughput guarantees at all).},  keywords={Scheduling algorithm;Multiaccess communication;Throughput;Telecommunication traffic;Quality of service;Downlink;Algorithm design and analysis;Protocols;Intelligent networks;Delay},  doi={10.1109/VETECF.2004.1400143},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={Sep.}
}

"Integral Multimedia System For Non-Presential Teacher-Student Advisory Through Internet", Jose Luis Castro Lopez, Pedro Garcia Teodoro, Juan Manuel Estevez Tapiador, Jesus E. Diaz Verdejo, Juan Manuel Lopez Soler, Juan Jose Ramos Munoz, "Education and Information Systems, technologies and Applications. EISTA 2004. Florida, USA", 2004

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2004,
	title = {Integral Multimedia System For Non-Presential Teacher-Student Advisory Through Internet},
	booktitle={Education and Information Systems, technologies and Applications. EISTA 2004. Florida, USA},
	author = {Jose Luis Castro Lopez and Pedro Garcia Teodoro and Juan Manuel Estevez Tapiador and Jesus E. Diaz Verdejo and Juan Manuel Lopez Soler and Juan Jose Ramos Munoz},
	month = July,
	year = {2004},
	project = ""
}

"Downlink Rate Allocation for WCDMA Cellular Systems with Conversational and Best-Effort Traffic", L. Jorguseski, E. Fledderus, Pablo Ameigeiras, Ramjee Prasad, "4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)", 2004

@INPROCEEDINGS{PAMEI2004,  author={L. Jorguseski and E. Fledderus and Pablo Ameigeiras and Ramjee Prasad},  booktitle={4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)},   title={Downlink Rate Allocation for WCDMA Cellular Systems with Conversational and Best-Effort Traffic},   year={2004},  volume={3},  number={},
}

"Deteccion activa de perdidas de paquetes en flujos de audio en tiempo real", Juan Jose Ramos Munoz, Juan Francisco Nunez Negrillo, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "IV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica JITEL 2003. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain", ISBN 84 96131 38 6, 2003

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2003a,
	title = {Deteccion activa de perdidas de paquetes en flujos de audio en tiempo real},
	booktitle={IV Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica JITEL 2003. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain},
	isbn = {84 96131 38 6},
	author = {Juan Jose Ramos Munoz and Juan Francisco Nunez Negrillo and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = September ,
	year = {2003},
	pages = {},
	project = ""
}

"E-Tutor: A Videoconference-Based System For Teacher-Student Advisory", Jesus Rodriguez-Penas, Pedro Garcia-Teodoro, and Jesus Esteban Diaz-Verdejo, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, "International Conference on Network Universities and E-learning. Valencia, Spain", ISBN 84-9705-369-9, 2003

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2003b,
	title = {E-Tutor: A Videoconference-Based System For Teacher-Student Advisory},
	booktitle={International Conference on Network Universities and E-learning. Valencia, Spain},
	isbn = {84-9705-369-9},
	author = {Jesus Rodriguez-Penas and Pedro Garcia-Teodoro, and and Jesus Esteban Diaz-Verdejo and Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler},
	month = May,
	year = {2003},
	project = ""
}

"Interaction of transmit diversity and proportional fair scheduling", L. T. Berger, T. E. Kolding, J. Ramiro-Moreno, P. Ameigeiras, L. Schumacher, P. E. Mogensen, "The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring.", pp. 2423-2427 vol.4, 2003. DOI: 10.1109/VETECS.2003.1208825

In evolving 3G systems, the proportional fair packet scheduling algorithm promises an attractive trade-off between average cell capacity and user fairness by exploiting multi-user selection diversity in time-shared channels. However, in these systems the option of antenna transmit diversity already exist, whose performance benefit is dependent on the considered scheduling strategy. This study focuses on the interaction between proportional fair packet scheduling and open or closed-loop transmit diversity techniques. The basic interaction is studied by using an analytical model. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to study the effect of scheduling delays. In the low mobility Rayleigh fading case, the potential average cell capacity gain with proportional fair scheduling, compared to a simple round robin in time approach, is on the order of 60% for single-antenna transmission. It reduces, however, to around 35% when dual antenna transmit diversity is additionally deployed. Comparing the performance of the different transmit diversity schemes to single-antenna transmission, conditioned on proportional fair scheduling, it is found that the closed-loop schemes provide a benefit over a wide range of terminal speeds, whereas open-loop space-time block coding exhibits limited performance and in some cases even a loss.

@INPROCEEDINGS{1208825,  author={L. T. {Berger} and T. E. {Kolding} and J. {Ramiro-Moreno} and P. {Ameigeiras} and L. {Schumacher} and P. E. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring.},   title={Interaction of transmit diversity and proportional fair scheduling},   year={2003},  volume={4},  number={},  pages={2423-2427 vol.4},  abstract={In evolving 3G systems, the proportional fair packet scheduling algorithm promises an attractive trade-off between average cell capacity and user fairness by exploiting multi-user selection diversity in time-shared channels. However, in these systems the option of antenna transmit diversity already exist, whose performance benefit is dependent on the considered scheduling strategy. This study focuses on the interaction between proportional fair packet scheduling and open or closed-loop transmit diversity techniques. The basic interaction is studied by using an analytical model. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to study the effect of scheduling delays. In the low mobility Rayleigh fading case, the potential average cell capacity gain with proportional fair scheduling, compared to a simple round robin in time approach, is on the order of 60% for single-antenna transmission. It reduces, however, to around 35% when dual antenna transmit diversity is additionally deployed. Comparing the performance of the different transmit diversity schemes to single-antenna transmission, conditioned on proportional fair scheduling, it is found that the closed-loop schemes provide a benefit over a wide range of terminal speeds, whereas open-loop space-time block coding exhibits limited performance and in some cases even a loss.},  keywords={Scheduling algorithm;Transmitting antennas;Performance loss;Analytical models;Delay effects;Rayleigh channels;Round robin;Diversity methods;Block codes;Propagation losses},  doi={10.1109/VETECS.2003.1208825},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={April}
}

"A New Method for Testing Dialogue Systems Based on Simulations of Real-World Conditions", Ramon Lopez-Cozar, Angel Torre, Jose Segura, Antonio Rubio, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP2002 - INTERSPEECH 2002, Denver, Colorado, USA", ISBN 1-876346-40-X, 2002

@inproceedings{lopezsoler2002b,
author = {Lopez-Cozar, Ramon and Torre, Angel and Segura, Jose and Rubio, Antonio and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
year = {2002},
month = {September},
title = {A New Method for Testing Dialogue Systems Based on Simulations of Real-World Conditions},
booktitle={7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP2002 - INTERSPEECH 2002, Denver, Colorado, USA},
isbn = {1-876346-40-X}
}

"Impact of TCP flow control on the radio resource management of WCDMA networks", P. J. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367)", pp. 977-981 vol.2, 2002. DOI: 10.1109/VTC.2002.1002634

The present paper highlights the performance of the transport control protocol over WCDMA networks. The TCP flow control adjusts the transmission rate to the network and receiver's capacity. Due to this protocol self-adaptation to the transmission conditions of the links involved in the TCP connection, the protocol performance can not be disconnected from the underlying network. In WCDMA networks, the RRM assigns the radio resources to the UE in the cell, which directly impacts the TCP throughput performance. The results show that the allocation of high bit rate dedicated channels to small file downloads (such as Web pages) produce poor channelization code efficiency compared to allocating low bit rate channels. Under certain conditions, for large file downloads (such as ftp) the code efficiency and throughput performance improve significantly due to the protocol nature to fully utilize the bottleneck capacity. This protocol performance suggests a radio resource allocation strategy for DCH channels, which increases the bit rate stepwise as the file transmission evolves starting from a low bit rate.

@INPROCEEDINGS{1002634,  author={P. J. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367)},   title={Impact of TCP flow control on the radio resource management of WCDMA networks},   year={2002},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={977-981 vol.2},  abstract={The present paper highlights the performance of the transport control protocol over WCDMA networks. The TCP flow control adjusts the transmission rate to the network and receiver's capacity. Due to this protocol self-adaptation to the transmission conditions of the links involved in the TCP connection, the protocol performance can not be disconnected from the underlying network. In WCDMA networks, the RRM assigns the radio resources to the UE in the cell, which directly impacts the TCP throughput performance. The results show that the allocation of high bit rate dedicated channels to small file downloads (such as Web pages) produce poor channelization code efficiency compared to allocating low bit rate channels. Under certain conditions, for large file downloads (such as ftp) the code efficiency and throughput performance improve significantly due to the protocol nature to fully utilize the bottleneck capacity. This protocol performance suggests a radio resource allocation strategy for DCH channels, which increases the bit rate stepwise as the file transmission evolves starting from a low bit rate.},  keywords={Radio control;Resource management;Multiaccess communication;Protocols;Throughput;Bit rate;Telecommunication traffic;3G mobile communication;Radio link;Automatic repeat request},  doi={10.1109/VTC.2002.1002634},  ISSN={},  month={May}
}

"Signaling capacity in GSM   (E)GPRS networks", J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. Martinez, J. Romero, "Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring 2002)", pp. 1970-1974 vol.4, 2002. DOI: 10.1109/VTC.2002.1002967

@Inproceedings{1002967,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. {Martinez} and J. {Romero}},  booktitle={Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring 2002)},   title={Signaling capacity in GSM   (E)GPRS networks},   year={2002},  volume={4},  number={},  pages={1970-1974 vol.4},  doi={10.1109/VTC.2002.1002967}}

"Validacion de un Sistema de Dialogo Mediante el Uso de Diferentes Umbrales de Poda en el Proceso de Reconocimiento automaticoo de Voz", R. Lopez-Cozar, A. J. Rubio, J. E. Diaz-Verdejo, J. M. Lopez-Soler, "Revista Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural, N. 29. ISSN 1135-5948", pp. 205-211, 2002

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2002a,
	title = {Validacion de un Sistema de Dialogo Mediante el Uso de Diferentes Umbrales de Poda en el Proceso de Reconocimiento automaticoo de Voz},
	booktitle={Revista Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural, N. 29. ISSN 1135-5948},
	author = {R. Lopez-Cozar and A. J. Rubio and J. E. Diaz-Verdejo and J. M. Lopez-Soler},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {205-211},
	project = ""
}

"Throughput estimation for EGPRS services based on GSM network measurements", J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. Martinez, J. Romero, "Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring 2002)", pp. 150-154 vol.1, 2002. DOI: 10.1109/VTC.2002.1002682

@Inproceedings{1002682,  author={J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. {Martinez} and J. {Romero}},  booktitle={Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring 2002)},   title={Throughput estimation for EGPRS services based on GSM network measurements},   year={2002},  volume={1},  number={},  pages={150-154 vol.1},  doi={10.1109/VTC.2002.1002682}}

"Evaluacion de un Modelo Publicacion-Suscripcion para Aplicaciones de Tiempo-Real en una red de area Local", Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Jose Luis Castillo Ramirez, Gerardo Pardo-Castellote, "III Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica JITEL-2001. Barcelona, Spain. I.S.B.N. 84-7653-783-2", pp. 535-536, 2001

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2001a,
	title = {Evaluacion de un Modelo Publicacion-Suscripcion para Aplicaciones de Tiempo-Real en una red de area Local},
	booktitle={III Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica JITEL-2001. Barcelona, Spain. I.S.B.N. 84-7653-783-2},
	author = {Juan M. Lopez-Soler and Jose Luis Castillo Ramirez and Gerardo Pardo-Castellote},
	month = September,
	year = {2001},
	pages = {535-536}
}

"Desarrollo de un sistema remoto de consultas y reservas mediante interfaz oral", Jesus E. Diaz-Verdejo, Pedro Garcia, Ramon Lopez-Cozar, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Juan M. Estevez, A. Rubio Ayuso, "III Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica JITEL-2001. Barcelona, Spain. I.S.B.N. 84-7653-783-2", pp. 199-204, 2001

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2001b,
	title = {Desarrollo de un sistema remoto de consultas y reservas mediante interfaz oral},
	booktitle={III Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica JITEL-2001. Barcelona, Spain. I.S.B.N. 84-7653-783-2},
	author = {Jesus E. Diaz-Verdejo and Pedro Garcia and Ramon Lopez-Cozar and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and Juan M. Estevez and A. Rubio Ayuso},
	month = September,
	year = {2001},
	pages = {199-204}
}

"Channel optimized matrix quantization (COMQ) of LSP parameters over waveform channels", J. L. Perez-Cordoba, A. Rubio, J. M. Lopez-Soler, V. E. Sanchez, "2001 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37221)", pp. 725-728 vol.2, 2001. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.2001.941017

Combined source and channel coding is a technique to mitigate channel errors without increasing the bit error rate. Channel optimized vector quantizer (COVQ) performs these objectives in the context of vector quantization. This paper presents a study of channel optimized matrix quantizer (COMQ) applied to quantize the line spectral pair (LSP) parameters as an extension of COVQ technique. Gaussian and slow-fading Rayleigh channels are considered and GMSK (Gaussian minimum shift-keying) is used as modulation technique. Several channel signal to noise ratio (CSNR) are considered to measure the performance of this system. In addition, for comparison purposes, the performance of other schemes for quantizing the LSP parameters are computed.

@INPROCEEDINGS{941017,  author={J. L. {Perez-Cordoba} and A. {Rubio} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and V. E. {Sanchez}},  booktitle={2001 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37221)},   title={Channel optimized matrix quantization (COMQ) of LSP parameters over waveform channels},   year={2001},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={725-728 vol.2},  abstract={Combined source and channel coding is a technique to mitigate channel errors without increasing the bit error rate. Channel optimized vector quantizer (COVQ) performs these objectives in the context of vector quantization. This paper presents a study of channel optimized matrix quantizer (COMQ) applied to quantize the line spectral pair (LSP) parameters as an extension of COVQ technique. Gaussian and slow-fading Rayleigh channels are considered and GMSK (Gaussian minimum shift-keying) is used as modulation technique. Several channel signal to noise ratio (CSNR) are considered to measure the performance of this system. In addition, for comparison purposes, the performance of other schemes for quantizing the LSP parameters are computed.},  keywords={AWGN;Constellation diagram;Channel coding;GSM;Code standards;Protection;Speech;Bit error rate;Vector quantization;Rayleigh channels},  doi={10.1109/ICASSP.2001.941017},  ISSN={1520-6149},  month={May}
}

"Downlink radio resource management for IP packet services in UMTS", I. Lopez, P. J. Ameigeiras, J. Wigard, P. Mogensen, "IEEE VTS 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, Spring 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37202)", pp. 2387-2391 vol.4, 2001. DOI: 10.1109/VETECS.2001.944028

Energy transmitted per correct received bit is used as cost function for evaluating the radio resource consumption of each user within a UMTS network, according to the requested quality of service (QoS) class. Diverse packet scheduler algorithms are analysed, determining their impact on packet delay, throughput and packet call delay. Results show that the proposed algorithm, modified round robin, is a trade-off between C/I-based scheduling and round robin scheduling, and provides a quite fair sharing of resources with higher network throughput than plain round robin.

@INPROCEEDINGS{944028,  author={I. {Lopez} and P. J. {Ameigeiras} and J. {Wigard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={IEEE VTS 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, Spring 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37202)},   title={Downlink radio resource management for IP packet services in UMTS},   year={2001},  volume={4},  number={},  pages={2387-2391 vol.4},  abstract={Energy transmitted per correct received bit is used as cost function for evaluating the radio resource consumption of each user within a UMTS network, according to the requested quality of service (QoS) class. Diverse packet scheduler algorithms are analysed, determining their impact on packet delay, throughput and packet call delay. Results show that the proposed algorithm, modified round robin, is a trade-off between C/I-based scheduling and round robin scheduling, and provides a quite fair sharing of resources with higher network throughput than plain round robin.},  keywords={Downlink;Resource management;3G mobile communication;Round robin;Scheduling algorithm;Quality of service;Delay;Throughput;Cost function;Algorithm design and analysis},  doi={10.1109/VETECS.2001.944028},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={May},}

"Generic Traffic Models For Packet Data Services in 3G Wireless Networks", Pablo Ameigeiras, Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda, Jeroen Wigard, Preben Mogensen, "4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)", 2001

@INPROCEEDINGS{PAMEI2001b,  author={Pablo Ameigeiras and Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda and Jeroen Wigard and Preben Mogensen},  booktitle={4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)},   title={Generic Traffic Models For Packet Data Services in 3G Wireless Networks},   year={2001},  volume={3},  number={}
}

"Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation", Jeroen Wigard, Nina Madsen, Pablo Ameigeiras, Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda, Preben Mogensen, "4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)", 2001

@INPROCEEDINGS{PAMEI2001a,  author={Jeroen Wigard and Nina Madsen and Pablo Ameigeiras and Isaias Lopez-Sepulveda and Preben Mogensen},  booktitle={4th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)},   title={Packet Scheduling with QoS Differentiation},   year={2001},  volume={2},  number={},
}

"Una extension del modelo relacional para la construccion de sistemas de base de datos distribuidos", F. Crespo Sanchez, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Simposio Espanol de Informatica Distribuida-SEID. I.S.B.N. 84-8158-163-1
Orense, Spain", pp. 243-249, 2000

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2000a,
	title = {Una extension del modelo relacional para la construccion de sistemas de base de datos distribuidos},
	booktitle={Simposio Espanol de Informatica Distribuida-SEID. I.S.B.N. 84-8158-163-1
Orense, Spain},
	author = {F. Crespo Sanchez and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = September,
	year = {2000},
	pages = {243-249}
}

"Un sistema telematico para la gestion de las donaciones y transplantes de organos", F. Crespo Sanchez, Alberto de Alarcon Sanchez, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Simposio Espanol de Informatica Distribuida-SEID. I.S.B.N. 84-8158-163-1
Orense, Spain", pp. 251-257, 2000

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler2000b,
	title = {Un sistema telematico para la gestion de las donaciones y transplantes de organos},
	booktitle={Simposio Espanol de Informatica Distribuida-SEID. I.S.B.N. 84-8158-163-1
Orense, Spain},
	author = {F. Crespo Sanchez and Alberto de Alarcon Sanchez and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = September,
	year = {2000},
	pages = {251-257}
}

"Performance of link adaptation in GPRS networks", P. J. A. Gutierrez, J. Wigard, P. N. Andersen, H. C. Damgaard, P. Mogensen, "Vehicular Technology Conference Fall 2000. IEEE VTS Fall VTC2000. 52nd Vehicular Technology Conference (Cat. No.00CH37152)", pp. 492-499 vol.2, 2000. DOI: 10.1109/VETECF.2000.887064

In GPRS four coding schemes have been defined with different degrees of data protection. The selection of a fixed one for a certain packet transmission would lead to a throughput loss if the channel quality conditions vary during the connection, therefore, a link adaptation algorithm based on a block error rate (BLER) estimation is proposed and analyzed. The BLER is calculated from the acknowledgement messages reported by the receiver; so the acknowledgement frequency impacts the link adaptation, and therefore, is studied in the present article. The resulting link adaptation algorithm has been analyzed with a dynamic network simulator, under different frequency reuse patterns and frequency hopping strategies. Furthermore, the mean user throughput for the fixed coding schemes and for link adaptation has been estimated from GSM network reported measurements, and a network operator planning tool.

@INPROCEEDINGS{887064,  author={P. J. A. {Gutierrez} and J. {Wigard} and P. N. {Andersen} and H. C. {Damgaard} and P. {Mogensen}},  booktitle={Vehicular Technology Conference Fall 2000. IEEE VTS Fall VTC2000. 52nd Vehicular Technology Conference (Cat. No.00CH37152)},   title={Performance of link adaptation in GPRS networks},   year={2000},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={492-499 vol.2},  abstract={In GPRS four coding schemes have been defined with different degrees of data protection. The selection of a fixed one for a certain packet transmission would lead to a throughput loss if the channel quality conditions vary during the connection, therefore, a link adaptation algorithm based on a block error rate (BLER) estimation is proposed and analyzed. The BLER is calculated from the acknowledgement messages reported by the receiver; so the acknowledgement frequency impacts the link adaptation, and therefore, is studied in the present article. The resulting link adaptation algorithm has been analyzed with a dynamic network simulator, under different frequency reuse patterns and frequency hopping strategies. Furthermore, the mean user throughput for the fixed coding schemes and for link adaptation has been estimated from GSM network reported measurements, and a network operator planning tool.},  keywords={Ground penetrating radar;Frequency;Throughput;Algorithm design and analysis;Protection;Propagation losses;Error analysis;Estimation error;Pattern analysis;Analytical models},  doi={10.1109/VETECF.2000.887064},  ISSN={1090-3038},  month={Sep.}
}

"Hard-decision in COVQ over waveform channels", J. L. Perez-Cordoba, A. J. Rubio, J. M. Lopez-Soler, M. C. Benitez, "Proceedings DCC 2000. Data Compression Conference", pp. 53-62, 2000. DOI: 10.1109/DCC.2000.838145

A channel optimized vector quantizer (COVQ) is studied for the case of transmission over waveform channels. In this work, a number of modulation schemes with multidimensional signal constellations are considered, specifically, results on the binary signalling. M-ary phase-shift keying (MPSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) performance using COVQ with hard-decision decoding, is optimized for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and flat-fading Rayleigh channel. In addition, when a flat-fading Rayleigh channel is assumed, diversity techniques are used and evaluated to improve the performance of the system.

@INPROCEEDINGS{838145,  author={J. L. {Perez-Cordoba} and A. J. {Rubio} and J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and M. C. {Benitez}},  booktitle={Proceedings DCC 2000. Data Compression Conference},   title={Hard-decision in COVQ over waveform channels},   year={2000},  volume={},  number={},  pages={53-62},  abstract={A channel optimized vector quantizer (COVQ) is studied for the case of transmission over waveform channels. In this work, a number of modulation schemes with multidimensional signal constellations are considered, specifically, results on the binary signalling. M-ary phase-shift keying (MPSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) performance using COVQ with hard-decision decoding, is optimized for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and flat-fading Rayleigh channel. In addition, when a flat-fading Rayleigh channel is assumed, diversity techniques are used and evaluated to improve the performance of the system.},  keywords={Constellation diagram;Decoding;Rayleigh channels;Quadrature amplitude modulation;Multidimensional systems;Additive white noise;Fading;Design optimization;Source coding;Delay},  doi={10.1109/DCC.2000.838145},  ISSN={1068-0314},  month={March}
}

"Uso experimental de un umbral de confianza dinamico en el proceso de reconocimiento del habla", R. Lopez-Cozar, A.J. Rubio, A. de la Torre, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Procesamiento del lenguaje natural. ISSN: 1135-5948. e-ISSN: 1989-7553. Vol. 25", pp. 123-128, 1999

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1999,
	title = {Uso experimental de un umbral de confianza dinamico en el proceso de reconocimiento del habla},
	booktitle={Procesamiento del lenguaje natural. ISSN: 1135-5948. e-ISSN: 1989-7553. Vol. 25},
	author = {R. Lopez-Cozar and A.J. Rubio and A. de la Torre and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = September,
	year = {1999},
	pages = {123-128}
}

"Speech Recognition and the New Technologies in Communications: A Continuous Speech Recognition-Based Switchboard with an Answering Module for E-mailing Voice Messages", P. Garcia, J.C. Segura, J. Diaz-Verdejo, A. Rubio, M.C. Benitez, A. Peinado, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, J.L. Perez, V. Sanchez, A. de la Torre, R. Lopez-Cozar, "Proceedings of the First International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Vol. II. Granada, Spain", pp. 1263-1266, 1998

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1998a,
	title = {Speech Recognition and the New Technologies in Communications: A Continuous Speech Recognition-Based Switchboard with an Answering Module for E-mailing Voice Messages},
	booktitle={Proceedings of the First International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Vol. II. Granada, Spain},
	author = {P. Garcia and J.C. Segura and J. Diaz-Verdejo and A. Rubio and M.C. Benitez and A. Peinado and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and J.L. Perez and V. Sanchez and A. de la Torre and R. Lopez-Cozar},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {1263-1266}
}

"STACC: An Automatic Service for Information Access Using Continuous Speech Recognition through Telephone Line", Antonio J. Rubio, Pedro Garcia, Angel de la Torre, Jose C. Segura, Jesus Diaz-Verdejo, Maria C. Benitez, Victoria Sanchez, Antonio M. Peinado, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Jose L. Perez-Cordoba, "Fifth European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, EUROSPEECH 1997, Rhodes, Greece", pp. 1779-1782, 1997

@inproceedings{lopezsoler1997,
author = {Antonio J. Rubio and Pedro Garcia and Angel de la Torre and Jose C. Segura and Jesus Diaz-Verdejo and Maria C. Benitez and Victoria Sanchez and Antonio M. Peinado and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and Jose L. Perez-Cordoba},
title = {STACC: An Automatic Service for Information Access Using Continuous Speech Recognition through Telephone Line},
booktitle={Fifth European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, EUROSPEECH 1997, Rhodes, Greece},
year = {1997},
month = {September},
pages = {1779-1782}
}

"Excitation Parameters Encoding with a Combined Quantization-Interpolation Algorithm", J. M. Lopez-Soler, A. Rubio-Ayuso, "Proceedings. IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding for Telecommunications", pp. 91-92, 1995. DOI: 10.1109/SCFT.1995.658142

@INPROCEEDINGS{658142,  author={J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and A. {Rubio-Ayuso}},  booktitle={Proceedings. IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding for Telecommunications},   title={Excitation Parameters Encoding with a Combined Quantization-Interpolation Algorithm},   year={1995},  volume={},  number={},  pages={91-92},  abstract={},  keywords={Encoding;Algorithm design and analysis;Linear predictive coding;Interpolation;Speech coding;Costs;Bit rate;Signal analysis;Cloning;Rate-distortion},  doi={10.1109/SCFT.1995.658142},  ISSN={},  month={September}}

"Transform trellis coded quantization of speech using small frame sizes", V. E. Sanchez, J. L. Perez, J. M. Lopez, A. J. Rubio, "Proceedings of ICASSP '94. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing", pp. I/177-I/180 vol.1, 1994. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.1994.389326

Proposes a transform trellis coded quantization (TTCQ) scheme suitable for low-delay speech coding. This scheme is based on a general transform domain formulation for small frame sizes and the trellis coded quantization technique previously proposed where Ungerboeck's amplitude modulation trellises and set partitioning ideas are used for source coding. Using the discrete cosine transform the authors apply this technique to the coding of 7 kHz wideband speech, a matter of interest due to ISDN based applications. A 32 kbps low-delay coder is developed, simulation results showing a very high speech quality comparable to that obtained by the G722 standard at 64 kbps.<>

@INPROCEEDINGS{389326,
author={V. E. {Sanchez} and J. L. {Perez} and J. M. Lopez and A. J. {Rubio}},  booktitle={Proceedings of ICASSP '94. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing},   title={Transform trellis coded quantization of speech using small frame sizes},   year={1994},  volume={i},  number={},  pages={I/177-I/180 vol.1},  abstract={Proposes a transform trellis coded quantization (TTCQ) scheme suitable for low-delay speech coding. This scheme is based on a general transform domain formulation for small frame sizes and the trellis coded quantization technique previously proposed where Ungerboeck's amplitude modulation trellises and set partitioning ideas are used for source coding. Using the discrete cosine transform the authors apply this technique to the coding of 7 kHz wideband speech, a matter of interest due to ISDN based applications. A 32 kbps low-delay coder is developed, simulation results showing a very high speech quality comparable to that obtained by the G722 standard at 64 kbps.<>},  keywords={Quantization;Discrete transforms;Speech coding;Amplitude modulation;Source coding;Discrete cosine transforms;Wideband;ISDN;Code standards;Standards development},  doi={10.1109/ICASSP.1994.389326},  ISSN={1520-6149},  month={April}
}

"A combined quantization-interpolation scheme for very low bit rate coding of speech LSP parameters", J. M. Lopez-Soler, N. Farvardin, "1993 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing", pp. 21-24 vol.2, 1993. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.1993.319218

A combined quantization-interpolation of speech line spectrum pair (LSP) parameters is proposed. To utilize the linear dependency between successive LSP frames, the proposed algorithm attempts to locate the frames where there is a significant spectral change; these frames are encoded by vector quantization. The remaining frames are reconstructed by linear interpolation between the vector-quantized frames. A two-pass algorithm is used to couple the quantization and interpolation operations. Simulation results for the performance of the combined quantization-interpolation approach indicate that, at rates below 350 bits/s (for coding the spectral parameters), the proposed scheme outperforms the multiframe coding scheme of D. P. Kemp et al. (ICASSP-91, p.609-12). The effect of maximum delay on the overall performance is studied, and the performance of the proposed system over noisy channels is examined.<>

@INPROCEEDINGS{319218,  author={J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and N. {Farvardin}},  booktitle={1993 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing},   title={A combined quantization-interpolation scheme for very low bit rate coding of speech LSP parameters},   year={1993},  volume={2},  number={},  pages={21-24 vol.2},  abstract={A combined quantization-interpolation of speech line spectrum pair (LSP) parameters is proposed. To utilize the linear dependency between successive LSP frames, the proposed algorithm attempts to locate the frames where there is a significant spectral change; these frames are encoded by vector quantization. The remaining frames are reconstructed by linear interpolation between the vector-quantized frames. A two-pass algorithm is used to couple the quantization and interpolation operations. Simulation results for the performance of the combined quantization-interpolation approach indicate that, at rates below 350 bits/s (for coding the spectral parameters), the proposed scheme outperforms the multiframe coding scheme of D. P. Kemp et al. (ICASSP-91, p.609-12). The effect of maximum delay on the overall performance is studied, and the performance of the proposed system over noisy channels is examined.<>},  keywords={Bit rate;Speech coding;Interpolation;Rate-distortion;Linear predictive coding;Encoding;Educational institutions;Vector quantization;Delay effects;Vocoders},  doi={10.1109/ICASSP.1993.319218},  ISSN={1520-6149},  month={April}
}

"Simulacion de un servicio remoto de suministro mediante reconocimiento automaticoo de palabras aisladas", J.C. Segura, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, A.J. Rubio, P. Garcia, A.M. Peinado, "Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural- SEPLN. Boletin SEPLN. N. 13. Granada, Spain", pp. 463-464, 1993

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1993b,
     title = {Simulacion de un servicio remoto de suministro mediante reconocimiento automaticoo de palabras aisladas},
	booktitle={Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural- SEPLN. Boletin SEPLN. N. 13. Granada, Spain},
	author = {J.C. Segura and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and A.J. Rubio and P. Garcia and A.M. Peinado},
	month = February,
	year = {1993},
	pages = {463-464}
}

"Realizacion de un sintetizador multipulso para un conversor texto-voz en castellano", A.J. Rubio, J.C. Segura, V.E. Sanchez, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, J.L. Perez, "Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural- SEPLN. Boletin SEPLN. N. 13. Granada, Spain", pp. 401-410, 1993

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1993a,
	title = {Realizacion de un sintetizador multipulso para un conversor texto-voz en castellano},
	booktitle={Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural- SEPLN. Boletin SEPLN. N. 13. Granada, Spain},
	author = {A.J. Rubio and J.C. Segura and V.E. Sanchez and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and J.L. Perez},
	month = February,
	year = {1993},
	pages = {401-410}
}

"Frequency Domain Low-Delay Wideband Coding of Speech at 32 Kbps", V.E. Sanchez, J.P. Adoul, A.J. Rubio, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Processing Applications and Technology. Boston, USA", 1992

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1992b,
	title = {Frequency Domain Low-Delay Wideband Coding of Speech at 32 Kbps},
	booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Processing Applications and Technology. Boston, USA},
	author = {V.E. Sanchez and J.P. Adoul and A.J. Rubio and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = November,
	year = {1992}
}

"Una red neuronal recurrente para evaluacion de modelos ocultos de Markov semicontinuos", J.E. Diaz Verdejo, J.C. Segura Luna, A. Rubio Ayuso, A. Peinado Herreros, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, "URSI-92. Malaga, Spain", 1992

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1992a,
	title = {Una red neuronal recurrente para evaluacion de modelos ocultos de Markov semicontinuos},
	booktitle={URSI-92. Malaga, Spain},
	author = {J.E. Diaz Verdejo and J.C. Segura Luna and A. Rubio Ayuso and A. Peinado Herreros and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
	month = September,
	year = {1992}
}

"Including duration Information in a threshold-based rejector for HMM Speech Recognition", A.M. Peinado, A. Rubio, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, J.C. Segura, V. Sanchez, "XIIeme Congres International des Sciencies Phonetiques. Aix-en-Provence (France)", 1991

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1991a,
	title = {Including duration Information in a threshold-based rejector for HMM Speech Recognition},
	booktitle={XIIeme Congres International des Sciencies Phonetiques. Aix-en-Provence (France)},
	author = {A.M. Peinado and A. Rubio and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and J.C. Segura and V. Sanchez},
	month = August,
	year = {1991}
}

"Comparison of the modified Hermite transformation with other unitary transformations in a predictive transform coding scheme", Victoria Sanchez, Antonio Peinado, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, Jose C. Segura, Antonio Rubio, "XIIeme Congres International des Sciencies Phonetiques. Aix-en-Provence (France)", 1991

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1991b,
	title = {Comparison of the modified Hermite transformation with other unitary transformations in a predictive transform coding scheme},
	booktitle={XIIeme Congres International des Sciencies Phonetiques. Aix-en-Provence (France)},
	author = {Victoria Sanchez and Antonio Peinado and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and Jose C. Segura and Antonio Rubio},
	month = August,
	year = {1991}
}

"Bottom to top algorithms for tree-codebook design in vector quantization for speech coding", Juan M. Lopez-Soler, A.M. Peinado, J.C. Segura, V. Sanchez, A. Rubio, "1990 IEEE BILKENT International Conference on New Trends in Communication, Control and Signal Processing. Vol. II, Ankara (Turkey)", ISBN 0444887628, pp. 1109-1113, 1990

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1990b,
	title = {Bottom to top algorithms for tree-codebook design in vector quantization for speech coding},
	booktitle={1990 IEEE BILKENT International Conference on New Trends in Communication, Control and Signal Processing. Vol. II, Ankara (Turkey)},
	isbn = {0444887628},
	author = {Juan M. Lopez-Soler and A.M. Peinado and J.C. Segura and  V. Sanchez and A. Rubio},
	month = December,
	year = {1990},
	pages = {1109-1113}
}

"Increasing the difference between the significant singular values and the non-significant singular values in a model of LPC excitation based on the SVD", V. Sanchez, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, J.C. Segura, A.M. Peinado, A. Rubio, "European Signal Processing Conference. EUSIPCO-90. Barcelona, Spain", pp. 1251-1254, 1990

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1990c,
	title = {Increasing the difference between the significant singular values and the non-significant singular values in a model of LPC excitation based on the SVD},
	booktitle={European Signal Processing Conference. EUSIPCO-90. Barcelona, Spain},
	author = {V. Sanchez and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and J.C. Segura and A.M. Peinado and A. Rubio},
	month = September,
	year = {1990},
	pages = 1251-1254}

"Signal segmentation into spectral homogeneous units", J.C. Segura, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, A.M. Peinado, V. Sanchez, A. Rubio, "European Signal Processing Conference. EUSIPCO-90. Barcelona, Spain", pp. 1278-1290, 1990

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1990d,
	title = {Signal segmentation into spectral homogeneous units},
	booktitle={European Signal Processing Conference. EUSIPCO-90. Barcelona, Spain},
	author = {J.C. Segura and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and A.M. Peinado and V. Sanchez and A. Rubio},
	month = September,
	year = {1990},
	pages = {1278-1290}
}

"Distance measures performance in VQ", Juan M. Lopez-Soler, A.M. Peinado, J.C. Segura, V. Sanchez, A. Rubio, "European Signal Processing Conference. EUSIPCO-90. Barcelona, Spain", pp. 1278-1290, 1990

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1990e,
	title = {Distance measures performance in VQ},
	booktitle={European Signal Processing Conference. EUSIPCO-90. Barcelona, Spain},
	author = {Juan M. Lopez-Soler and A.M. Peinado and J.C. Segura and V. Sanchez and A. Rubio},
	month = September,
	year = {1990},
	pages = {1278-1290}
}

"Reconocimiento de voz mediante Modelos Discretos de Markov para Control de un Robot mediante voz", A.M. Peinado, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, J.C. Segura, V. Sanchez, A. Rubio, "IV Simposium Nacional de Reconocimiento de Formas y Analisis de Imagenes", pp. 109-110, 1990

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1990f,
	title = {Reconocimiento de voz mediante Modelos Discretos de Markov para Control de un Robot mediante voz},
	booktitle={IV Simposium Nacional de Reconocimiento de Formas y Analisis de Imagenes},
	author = {A.M. Peinado and Juan M. Lopez-Soler and J.C. Segura and V. Sanchez and A. Rubio},
	month = September,
	year = {1990},
	pages = {109-110}
}

"A tree codebook design algorithm for digital speech storage using vector quantization", Juan M. Lopez-Soler, M.C. Benitez, J.A. Galvez, V. Sanchez, A. Rubio, "Fourth International Symposium on Knowledge Engineering, Barcelona, Spain", 1990

@Inproceedings{lopezsoler1990a,
	title = {A tree codebook design algorithm for digital speech storage using vector quantization},
	booktitle={Fourth International Symposium on Knowledge Engineering, Barcelona, Spain},
		author = {Juan M. Lopez-Soler and M.C. Benitez and J.A. Galvez and V. Sanchez and A. Rubio},
	month = May,
	year = {1990}
}

"COMS Architecture", L. Geng, L. Qiang, J. Ordonez-Lucena, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, D. Lopez, L. Contreras, IETF, pp. 1-12, 2018

@techreport{ordonez2018ietf,
   AUTHOR = "L. Geng and L. Qiang and J. Ordonez-Lucena and O. Adamuz-Hinojosa and P. Ameigeiras and D. Lopez and L. Contreras",
   TITLE = "COMS Architecture",
   HOWPUBLISHED = {Internet-Draft},
   TYPE="standard",
   PAGES = {1-12},
   YEAR = {2018},
   MONTH = {March},
   INSTITUTION = "{IETF}",
   URL={https://tools.ietf.org/pdf/draft-geng-coms-architecture-02.pdf},
}

"Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) Release 3; Evolution and Ecosystem; Report on Network Slicing Support with ETSI NFV Architecture Framework", Jose A. Ordonez, Juan J. Ramos, Pablo Ameigeiras, Juan M. Lopez-Soler et al., ETSI, pp. 1-35, 2017

@techreport{ordonez2017etsii,
   AUTHOR = "Jose A. Ordonez and Juan J. Ramos and Pablo Ameigeiras and Juan M. Lopez-Soler et al.",
   TITLE = "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) Release 3; Evolution and Ecosystem; Report on Network Slicing Support with ETSI NFV Architecture Framework",
   HOWPUBLISHED = {ETSI Group Report},
   TYPE="standard",
   PAGES = {1-35},
   YEAR = {2017},
   MONTH = {December},
   INSTITUTION = "{ETSI}",
   NUMBER = "Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) ETSI GR NFV-EVE 012 V3.1.1",
   URL={https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gr/NFV-EVE/001_099/012/03.01.01_60/gr_nfv-eve012v030101p.pdf},
   note="standard"
}

"AI and ML - Enablers for Beyond 5G Networks", J. Prados-Garzon, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Munoz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, 5G PPP, 2021. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4299895

@techreport{5GPPPWP2021,
  author      = "J. {Prados-Garzon} and L. {Chinchilla-Romero} and P. {Munoz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz}",
  title       = "AI and ML - Enablers for Beyond 5G Networks",
  institution = "5G PPP",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "whitepaper",
  number      = "",
  address     = "",
  month       = "May",
  note        = "",
  annote      = "",
  DOI = {10.5281/zenodo.4299895},
  URL={https://5g-ppp.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/AI-MLforNetworks-v1-0.pdf},
  project = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D5.3. 5G-CLARITY Use Cases: Demonstrations and Evaluations", H. Frank, A. Emami, H. Falaki, S. Yan, D. Camps-Mur, F. Canellas, V. Sark, M. Goodarzi, R. Vasist, N. Channinganathota, J. Gutierrez, I. Gonzalez-Boyano, M. Urias, K. Ciolek, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, R. Berozashvili, R. Bian, J. A. Ordonez-Lucena, J. McNamara, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2023

@techreport{5GCLARITYD53,
  author      = "H. Frank and A. Emami and H. Falaki and S. Yan and D. Camps-Mur and F. Canellas and V. Sark and M. Goodarzi and R. Vasist and N. Channinganathota and J. Gutierrez and I. Gonzalez-Boyano and M. Urias and K. Ciolek and J. Navarro-Ortiz and J. J. Ramos-Munoz and R. Berozashvili and R. Bian and J. A. Ordonez-Lucena and J. McNamara and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D5.3. 5G-CLARITY Use Cases: Demonstrations and Evaluations",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2023",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "May",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/5G-CLARITY-D53.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D3.3. Complete Design and Final Evaluation of the Coexistence, Multi-Connectivity, Resource Management, and Positioning Frameworks", H. Alshaer, A. Yesilkaya, A. Purwita, D. Camps-Mur, F. Canellas, A. Betzler, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Goodarzi, R. Vasist, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, S. Raju, R. Bian, T. Cogalan, C. Colman-Meixner, A. Emami, H. Frank, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2022

@techreport{5GCLARITYD33,
  author      = "H. Alshaer and A. Yesilkaya and A. Purwita and D. Camps-Mur and F. Canellas and A. Betzler and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and M. Goodarzi and R. Vasist and J.  Navarro-Ortiz and J. J. Ramos-Munoz and S. Raju and R. Bian and T. Cogalan and C. Colman-Meixner and A. Emami and H. Frank and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D3.3. Complete Design and Final Evaluation of the Coexistence, Multi-Connectivity, Resource Management, and Positioning Frameworks",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2022",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "October",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/5G-CLARITY-D33-Amended.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.4. Final System Architecture and Its Evaluation", A. Tzanakaki, M. Anastasopoulos, J. A. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps-Mur, A. Manolopoulos, V. M. Alevizaki, P. Georgiadis, C. Colman-Meixner, S. Yang, H. Alshaer, A. Garcia, K. Chackravaram, J. Prados-Garzon, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, D. Gonzalez-Sanchez, I. Dominguez-Martinez, R. Bian, T. Cogalan, J. McNamara, N. C. Manjappa, R. Vasist, M. Goodarzi, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Ghoraishi, A. Jain, 5G-CLARITY, 2022

@techreport{5GCLARITYD24,
  author      = "A. Tzanakaki and M. Anastasopoulos and J. A. Ordonez-Lucena and D. Camps-Mur and A. Manolopoulos and V. M. Alevizaki and P. Georgiadis and C. Colman-Meixner and S. Yang and 
  H. Alshaer and A. Garcia and K. Chackravaram and J. Prados-Garzon and L. Chinchilla-Romero and P. Ameigeiras and P. Munoz-Luengo 
  and D. Gonzalez-Sanchez and I. Dominguez-Martinez and R. Bian and T. Cogalan and J. McNamara and N. C. Manjappa and R. Vasist and M. Goodarzi and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and M. Ghoraishi and A. Jain",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.4. Final System Architecture and Its Evaluation",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2022",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "October",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/5G-CLARITY-D24-Amended.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.3. Evaluation of E2E 5G Infrastructure and Service Slices, and of the Developed Self-Learning ML Algorithms ", J. McNamara, A. Yesilkaya, A. Purwita, C. Colman-Meixner, H. Li, H. Frank, S. Yan, X. Zhou, D. Camps-Mur, D. Gonzalez-Sanchez, I. Soto-Campos, D. Fernandez-Cambronero, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Munoz-Luengo, J. Perez-Romero, O. Sallent, I. Vila, J. A. Ordonez-Lucena, I Dominguez-Martinez, M. Goodarzi, T. Cogalan, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2022

@techreport{5GCLARITYD43,
  author      = "J. McNamara and A. Yesilkaya and A. Purwita and C. Colman-Meixner and H. Li and H. Frank and S. Yan and X. Zhou and D. Camps-Mur and D. Gonzalez-Sanchez and I. Soto-Campos and D. Fernandez-Cambronero and J. Prados-Garzon and J. J. Ramos-Munoz and L. Chinchilla-Romero and P. Munoz-Luengo and J. Perez-Romero and O. Sallent and I. Vila and J. A. Ordonez-Lucena and I Dominguez-Martinez and M. Goodarzi and T. Cogalan and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.3. Evaluation of E2E 5G Infrastructure and Service Slices, and of the Developed Self-Learning ML Algorithms ",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2022",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "October",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/5G-CLARITY-D43-Amended.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D5.2. Integration of Solutions and Validation", J. Navarro-Ortiz, J.J. Ramos-Munoz, D. Camps-Mur, F. Canellas, and A. Garcia, R. Berozashvili, T. Cogalan, V. Sark, J. Gutierrez, J. McNamara, R. Bian, H. Frank, A. Emami, C. Colman-Meixner, S. Yan, H. Falaki, I. Soto, D. Gonzalez, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2022

@techreport{5GCLARITYD52,
  author      = "J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J.J. {Ramos-Munoz} and D. {Camps-Mur} and F. Canellas and and A. {Garcia} and R. {Berozashvili} and T. Cogalan and V. Sark and J. Gutierrez and J. McNamara and R. Bian and H. Frank and A. Emami and C. Colman-Meixner and S. Yan and H. Falaki and I. Soto and D. Gonzalez and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D5.2. Integration of Solutions and Validation",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2022",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "June",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/5G-CLARITY-D52-Amended-Clean-.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D6.7. Restricted Deliverable on Exploitation Plan", R. Bian, H. Garcia-Nieto, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, T. Cogalan, C. Colman-Meixner, A. Garcia, J. A. Amoros, A. Yesilkaya, H. Alshaer, P. Munoz-Luengo, J. M. Lopez-Soler, J. A. Ordonez-Lucena, J. McNamara, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2022

@techreport{5GCLARITYD67,
  author      = "R. Bian and H. Garcia-Nieto and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and T. Cogalan and C. Colman-Meixner and A. Garcia and J. A. Amoros and A. Yesilkaya and H. Alshaer and P. Munoz-Luengo and J. M. Lopez-Soler and J. A. Ordonez-Lucena and J. McNamara and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D6.7. Restricted Deliverable on Exploitation Plan",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2022",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "February",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/5G-CLARITY_D67.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.2. Validation of 5G-CLARITY SDN/NFV Platform, Interface Design with 5G Service Platform, and Initial Evaluation of ML Algorithms", J. Ordonez-Lucena, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, P. Ameigeiras, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Munoz-Luengo, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. Prados-Garzon, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, D. Camps-Mur, F. Canellas, J. Perez-Romero, O. Sallent, I. Vila, A. Purwita, A. Yesilkaya, A. Garcia, K. Chackravaram, E. Aumayr, J. Mcnamara, C. Colman-Meixner, X. Zhou, A. Emami, S. Yan, S. Raju, R. Bian, T. Cogalan, I. Hemadeh, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2021

@techreport{5GCLARITYD42,
  author      = "J. Ordonez-Lucena and O. Adamuz-Hinojosa and P. Ameigeiras and L. Chinchilla-Romero and P. Munoz-Luengo and J. Navarro-Ortiz and J. Prados-Garzon and J. J. Ramos-Munoz and D. Camps-Mur and F. Canellas and J. Perez-Romero and O. Sallent and I. Vila and A. Purwita and A. Yesilkaya and A. Garcia and K. Chackravaram and E. Aumayr and J. Mcnamara and C. Colman-Meixner and X. Zhou and A. Emami and S. Yan and S. Raju and R. Bian and T. Cogalan and I. Hemadeh and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.2. Validation of 5G-CLARITY SDN/NFV Platform, Interface Design with 5G Service Platform, and Initial Evaluation of ML Algorithms",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "July",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/5G-CLARITY_D42.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.3. Primary System Architecture Evaluation", A. Tzanakaki, J. A. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps-Mur, A. Manolopoulos, P. Georgiades, V. M. Alevizaki, S. Maglaris, M. Anastasopoulos, A. Tzanakaki, A. Garcia, K. Chackravaram, J. Prados-Garzon, L. Chinchilla-Romero, P. Ameigeiras, P. Munoz-Luengo, H. Alshaer, A. Yesilkaya, R. Bian, T. Cogalan, R. Vasist, M. Goodarzi, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2021

@techreport{5GCLARITYD23,
  author      = "A. Tzanakaki and J. A. Ordonez-Lucena and D. Camps-Mur and A. Manolopoulos and P. Georgiades and V. M. Alevizaki and S. Maglaris and M. Anastasopoulos and A. Tzanakaki and A. Garcia and K. Chackravaram and J. Prados-Garzon and L. Chinchilla-Romero and P. Ameigeiras and P. Munoz-Luengo and H. Alshaer and A. Yesilkaya and R. Bian and T. Cogalan and R. Vasist and M. Goodarzi and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.3. Primary System Architecture Evaluation",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "July",
  URL         = {https://5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5G-CLARITY_D23.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D6.3. Mid-term report on disseminations and communications activities", J. M. Lopez-Soler, T. Cogalan, R. Bian, J. Gutierrez, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2021

@techreport{5GCLARITYD63,
  author      = "J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and T. Cogalan and R. Bian and J. Gutierrez and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D6.3. Mid-term report on disseminations and communications activities",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "May",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/5G-CLARITY_D63.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D3.2. Design Refinements and Initial Evaluation of the Coexistence, Multi-Connectivity, Resource Management and Positioning Frameworks", T. Cogalan, D. Camps-Mur, A. Garcia, K. Chackravaram, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J.J. Ramos-Munoz, J.M. Lopez-Soler, S. Videv, A. Yeliskaya, H. Alshaer, S. Raju, R. Bian, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Goodarzi, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2021

@techreport{5GCLARITYD32,
  author      = "T. {Cogalan} and D. {Camps-Mur} and A. {Garcia} and K. {Chackravaram} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J.J. {Ramos-Munoz} and J.M. {Lopez-Soler} and S. {Videv} and A. {Yeliskaya} and H. {Alshaer} and S. {Raju} and R. {Bian} and J. {Gutierrez} and V. {Sark} and M. {Goodarzi} and M. {Ghoraishi}",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D3.2. Design Refinements and Initial Evaluation of the Coexistence, Multi-Connectivity, Resource Management and Positioning Frameworks",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "May",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/5GC-CLARITY_D32.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D5.1. Specification of use cases and demonstration plan", M. Ghoraishi, D. Camps-Mur, H. Khalili, V. Sark, J. Gutierrez, T. Cogalan, S. Yan, C. Colman-Meixner, H. Falaki, A. Emami, A. Garcia, J. A. Amoros, M. A. Granda, J. Navarro-Ortiz, J. J. Ramos-Munoz, R. Bian, E. Poves, S. Videv, J. Ordonez-Lucena, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2021

@techreport{5GCLARITYD51,
  author      = "M. Ghoraishi and D. {Camps-Mur} and H. Khalili and V. Sark and J. Gutierrez and T. Cogalan and S. Yan and C. {Colman-Meixner} and H. Falaki and A. Emami and A. Garcia and J. A. Amoros and M. A. Granda and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and J. J. {Ramos-Munoz} and R. Bian and E. Poves and S. Videv and J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D5.1. Specification of use cases and demonstration plan",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2021",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "Feb",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/5G-CLARITY_D51.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.1. Initial design of the SDN/NFV platform and identification of target 5G-CLARITY ML algorithms", D. Camps-Mur, H. Khalili, E. Aumayr, S. Meer, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, L. Chinchilla, P. Munoz, A. Mourad, I. Hemadeh, T. Cogalan, M. Goodarzi, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, N. Odhah, R. Bian, S. Videv, A. Garcia, C. Colman-Meixner, S. Yan, X. Zou, J. Perez-Romero, O. Sallent, I. Vila, R. Ferrus, J. Ordonez-Lucena, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2020

@techreport{5GCLARITYD41,
  author      = "D. {Camps-Mur} and H. Khalili and E. Aumayr and S. Meer and P. Ameigeiras and J. {Prados-Garzon} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and L. Chinchilla and P. Munoz and A. Mourad and I. Hemadeh and T. Cogalan and M. Goodarzi and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and N. Odhah and R. Bian and S. Videv and A. Garcia and C. {Colman-Meixner} and S. Yan and X. Zou and J. {Perez-Romero} and O. Sallent and I. Vila and R. Ferrus and J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D4.1. Initial design of the {SDN}/{NFV} platform and identification of target {5G-CLARITY} {ML} algorithms",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2020",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "October",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/5G-CLARITY_D41.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.2. Primary system architecture", J. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps-Mur, H. Khalili, A. Garcia, A. Mourad, I. Hemadeh, J. P. Kainulainen, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, T. Cogalan, R. Bian, E. Aumayr, S. Meer, C. Colman, S. Yan, H. Frank, A. Emami, J. Gutierrez, V. Sark, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2020

@techreport{5GCLARITYD22,
  author      = "J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and D. {Camps-Mur} and H. Khalili and A. Garcia and A. Mourad and I. Hemadeh and J. P. Kainulainen and P. Ameigeiras and J. {Prados-Garzon} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and T. Cogalan and R. Bian and E. Aumayr and S. Meer and C. Colman and S. Yan and H. Frank and A. Emami and J. Gutierrez and V. Sark and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.2. Primary system architecture",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2020",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "Oct",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/5G-CLARITY_D22.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.1. Use case specifications and requirements", M. Granda-Trigo, J. Ordonez-Lucena, D. Camps, A. Garcia, G. Rigazzi, P. Ameigeiras, J. Prados-Garzon, E. Aumayr, T. Cogalan, S. Yan, M. Ghoraishi, J. Gutierrez, 5G-CLARITY, 2020

@techreport{5GCLARITYD21,
  author      = "M. Granda-Trigo and J. Ordonez-Lucena and D. Camps and A. Garcia and G. Rigazzi and P. Ameigeiras and J. {Prados-Garzon} and E. Aumayr and T. Cogalan and S. Yan and M. Ghoraishi and J. Gutierrez",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D2.1. Use case specifications and requirements",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2020",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "March",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/5G-CLARITY_D2.1.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D6.1. Plan for explotation and dissemination of the project results", J. M. Lopez-Soler, O. Adamuz-Hinojosa, J. Navarro-Ortiz, L. Chinchilla-Romero, J. Prados-Garzon, J. Ordonez-Lucena, G. Rigazzi, U. Olvera-Hernandez, D. Camps-Mur, A. Garcia, T. Cogalan, S. Yan, R. Bian, E. Aumayr, M. A. Granda, J. Gutierrez-Teran, M. Ghoraishi, 5G-CLARITY, 2020

@techreport{5GCLARITYD61,
  author      = "J. M. {Lopez-Soler} and O. {Adamuz-Hinojosa} and J. {Navarro-Ortiz} and L. {Chinchilla-Romero} and J. {Prados-Garzon} and J. {Ordonez-Lucena} and G. {Rigazzi} and U. {Olvera-Hernandez} and D. {Camps-Mur} and A. {Garcia} and T. {Cogalan} and S. {Yan} and R. {Bian} and E. {Aumayr} and M. A. {Granda} and J. {Gutierrez-Teran} and M. Ghoraishi",
  title       = "Project H2020 5G-CLARITY  (Grant No. 871428): Deliverable D6.1. Plan for explotation and dissemination of the project results",
  institution = "5G-CLARITY",
  year        = "2020",
  type        = "deliverable",
  month       = "Jan",
  URL         = {https://www.5gclarity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/5G-CLARITY_D61.pdf},
  project     = {5gclarity}
}

"Chapter 3 - Towards Versatile Access Networks", Angeliki Alexiou, Tezcan Cogalan, Jean-Marc Conrat, Mar Francis De Guzman, Francesco Devoti, Geoffrey Eappen, Chao Fang, Pal Frenger, Mir Ghoraishi, Adam Girycki, Hao Guo, Hardy Halbauer, Omer Haliloglu, Katsuyuki Haneda, Israel Koffman, Pekka Ky?sti, Marko Leinonen, Yinggang Li, Charitha Madapatha, Behrooz Makki, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Le Hang Nguyen, Ahmad Nimr, Aarno Parssinen, Sofie Pollin, Simon Pryor, Rafael Puerta, Md Arifur Rahman, Juan J. Ramos-Munoz, Vida Ranjbar, Kilian Roth, Muris Sarajlic, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Tommy Svensson, Nuutti Tervo, Andreas Wolfgang, "Towards Sustainable and Trustworthy 6G - Challenges, Enablers and Architectural Design", ISBN 9781638282389, pp. 40-120, 2023. DOI: 10.1561/9781638282396

@inbook{6gbookch3,
author={Alexiou, Angeliki and Cogalan, Tezcan and Conrat, Jean-Marc and Francis De Guzman, Mar and Devoti, Francesco and Eappen, Geoffrey and Fang, Chao and Frenger, Pal and Ghoraishi, Mir and Girycki, Adam and Guo, Hao and Halbauer, Hardy and Haliloglu, Omer and Haneda, Katsuyuki and Koffman, Israel and Ky?sti, Pekka and Leinonen, Marko and Li, Yinggang and Madapatha, Charitha and Makki, Behrooz and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Nguyen, Le Hang and Nimr, Ahmad and Parssinen, Aarno and Pollin, Sofie and Pryor, Simon and Puerta, Rafael and Rahman, Md Arifur and Ramos-Munoz, Juan J. and Ranjbar, Vida and Roth, Kilian and Sarajlic, Muris and Sciancalepore, Vincenzo and Svensson, Tommy and Tervo, Nuutti and Wolfgang, Andreas},
publisher = {NOW, the essence of knowledge},
isbn = {9781638282389},
title = {Chapter 3 - Towards Versatile Access Networks},
booktitle = {Towards Sustainable and Trustworthy 6G - Challenges, Enablers and Architectural Design},
chapter = {III},
pages = {40-120},
eprint = {https://www.nowpublishers.com/article/DownloadEBook/9781638282389?format=pdf},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1561/9781638282396},
pdf = {https://www.nowpublishers.com/article/DownloadEBook/9781638282389?format=pdf},
project = {5gclarity}
}

"Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: An approach to ICT Engineering through Degree and MSc Theses, courses 16/17, 17/18, 18/19, 19/20", Luz Garcia-Martinez, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, ISBN 9788409275410, pp. 1-294, 2021

@Book{tstc4,
  title  = {Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: An approach to ICT Engineering through Degree and MSc Theses, courses 16/17, 17/18, 18/19, 19/20},
  year   = {2021},
  author = {Garcia-Martinez, Luz and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge},
  publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
  month  = Feb,
  isbn   = {9788409275410},
  url    = {http://tstc.ugr.es/pages/descargas/librotfc/librovol4/!},
  pages  = {1-294},
  note   = {teaching}
}

"Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: A perspective of the Degrees and M.Sc.s through Degree and MSc Theses, course 15/16", Luz Garcia-Martinez, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, ISBN 9788409037117, pp. 1-120, 2018

@Book{tstc3,
  title  = {Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: A perspective of the Degrees and M.Sc.s through Degree and MSc Theses, course 15/16},
  year   = {2018},
  author = {Garcia-Martinez, Luz and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge},
  publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
  month  = Jul,
  isbn   = {9788409037117},
  url    = {http://tstc.ugr.es/pages/descargas/librotfc/librovol3/!},
  pages  = {1-120},
  note   = {teaching}
}

"Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: An approach to knowledge through degree and master thesis, course 14/15", Luz Garcia-Martinez, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, ISBN 9788461754496, pp. 1-120, 2016

@Book{tstc2,
  title  = {Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: An approach to knowledge through degree and master thesis, course 14/15},
  year   = {2016},
  author = {Garcia-Martinez, Luz and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge},
  publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
  month  = Oct,
  isbn   = {9788461754496},
  url    = {http://tstc.ugr.es/pages/descargas/librotfc/libro_vol2/!},
  pages  = {1-120},
  note   = {teaching}
}

"Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: A field overview through Master and Degree Thesis, course 13/14", Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Luz Garcia-Martinez, ISBN 9788461732395, pp. 1-96, 2014

@Book{tstc1,
  title  = {Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications: A field overview through Master and Degree Thesis, course 13/14},
  year   = {2014},
  author = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Garcia-Martinez, Luz},
  publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
  month  = Nov,
  isbn   = {9788461732395},
  url    = {http://tstc.ugr.es/pages/descargas/librotfc/libro_pfcv100/!},
  pages  = {1-96},
  note   = {teaching}
}

"Actas de las XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica", Jesus E. Diaz Verdejo, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, ISBN 9788461655977, pp. 1-600, 2013

@Book{jitel2013,
  title  = {Actas de las XI Jornadas de Ingenieria Telematica},
  year   = {2013},
  publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
  author = {Diaz Verdejo, Jesus E. and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose},
  month  = October,
  isbn   = {9788461655977},
  url    = {http://wpd.ugr.es/~jorgenavarro/publications/libro_actas_xi_jitel_2013_granada.pdf},
  pages  = {1-600},
  note   = {research}
}

"Developing a Computationally-Efficient Dynamic System-Level LTE Simulator", P. Munoz, I. de la Bandera, F. Ruiz, S. Luna, J. Rodriguez, R. Barco, M. Toril, P. Lazaro, M. Fernandez, "4G Wireless Communication Networks: Design, Planning and Applications", ISBN 978-8792982711, pp. 265-296, 2013

@inbook{river2013,
author = {P. {Munoz} and I. {de la Bandera} and F. {Ruiz} and S. {Luna} and J. {Rodriguez} and R. {Barco} and M. {Toril} and P. {Lazaro} and M. {Fernandez}},
publisher = {River Publishers},
isbn = {978-8792982711},
title = {Developing a Computationally-Efficient Dynamic System-Level LTE Simulator},
booktitle = {4G Wireless Communication Networks: Design, Planning and Applications},
chapter = {14},
pages = {265-296},
year = {2013},
abstract = {}
}

"Consolidacion y extension de buenas practicas docentes - Mejora de los metodos docentes y del aprendizaje y provechamiento del alumno en el laboratorio de practicas", Jose Camacho Paez, Pablo Padilla de la Torre, Gabriel Macia Fernandez, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Jose Ramos-Munoz, Francisco Javier Salcedo Campos, "Innovacion docente y buenas practicas en la Universidad de Granada. Vol. 2", ISBN 9788433855763, pp. 1354-1363, 2013

@inbook{docencia2013,
author = {Camacho Paez, Jose and Padilla de la Torre, Pablo and Macia Fernandez, Gabriel and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos-Munoz, Juan Jose and Salcedo Campos, Francisco Javier},
publisher = {Universidad de Granada},
isbn = {9788433855763},
title = {Consolidacion y extension de buenas practicas docentes - Mejora de los metodos docentes y del aprendizaje y provechamiento del alumno en el laboratorio de practicas},
booktitle = {Innovacion docente y buenas practicas en la Universidad de Granada. Vol. 2},
chapter = {XI},
pages = {1354-1363},
eprint = {http://hdl.handle.net/10481/28434},
year = {2013}
}

"End-to-End Service Performance Analysis: Data Services Performance Optimization in 2G/3G", Rafael Sanchez, Gerardo Gomez, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Gabriel Ramos, "End-to-End Quality of Service over Cellular Networks", ISBN 9780470015872, pp. 139-185, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/047001587X.ch5

Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Service Performance Characterization Data Link Effects Transport and Application Layer Effects Impact of Network Dimensioning in the Service Performance References

@inbook{047001587Xch5,
author = {Sanchez, Rafael and Gomez, Gerardo and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Ramos, Gabriel},
publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Ltd},
isbn = {9780470015872},
title = {End-to-End Service Performance Analysis: Data Services Performance Optimization in 2G/3G},
booktitle = {End-to-End Quality of Service over Cellular Networks},
chapter = {5},
pages = {139-185},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/047001587X.ch5},
year = {2005},
keywords = {voice wireless service providers, Circuit Switched (CS) traffic, end-user performance, Packet Scheduling functionality, congestion avoidance algorithm, UDP protocol, Robust Header Compression (ROHC), Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), signalling channels dimensioning},
abstract = {Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Service Performance Characterization Data Link Effects Transport and Application Layer Effects Impact of Network Dimensioning in the Service Performance References}
}

"Control Channels Performance and Dimensioning", Timo Kahkonen, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, "GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance", ISBN 9780470866962, pp. 425-466, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0470866969.ch12

Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to Control Channels Physical Layer Reliability Signalling Reliability and Delays Control Channels versus AMR TCH Signalling Capacity References

@inbook{0470866969ch12,
author = {Kahkonen, Timo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge},
publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Ltd},
isbn = {9780470866962},
title = {Control Channels Performance and Dimensioning},
booktitle = {GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance},
chapter = {12},
pages = {425-466},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/0470866969.ch12},
year = {2003},
abstract = {Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to Control Channels Physical Layer Reliability Signalling Reliability and Delays Control Channels versus AMR TCH Signalling Capacity References}
}

"Control Channels Performance and Dimensioning", Timo Kahkonen, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, "GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance", ISBN 9780470844571, pp. 363-408, 2002

Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to Control Channels Physical Layer Reliability Signalling Reliability and Delays Control Channels versus AMR TCH Signalling Capacity References

@inbook{ch11gsm,
author = {Kahkonen, Timo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge},
publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Ltd},
isbn = {9780470844571},
title = {Control Channels Performance and Dimensioning},
booktitle = {GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance},
chapter = {11},
pages = {363-408},
year = {2002},
abstract = {Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to Control Channels Physical Layer Reliability Signalling Reliability and Delays Control Channels versus AMR TCH Signalling Capacity References}
}

"Speech Recognition and Coding: New Advances and Trends", Antonio J. Rubio Ayuso, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, ISBN 978-3-540-60098-5, pp. 1-505, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1

Based on a NATO Advanced Study Institute held in 1993, this book addresses recent advances in automatic speech recognition and speech coding. The book contains contributions by many of the most outstanding researchers from the best laboratories worldwide in the field. The contributions have been grouped into five parts: on acoustic modeling; language modeling; speech processing, analysis and synthesis; speech coding; and vector quantization and neural nets. For each of these topics, some of the best-known researchers were invited to give a lecture. In addition to these lectures, the topics were complemented with discussions and presentations of the work of those attending. Altogether, the reader is given a wide perspective on recent advances in the field and will be able to see the trends for future work.

@Book{speech95,
  title  = {Speech Recognition and Coding: New Advances and Trends},
  year   = {1995},
  author = {Antonio J. Rubio Ayuso and Juan M. Lopez-Soler},
  publisher = {Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. NATO ASI Series},
  isbn   = {978-3-540-60098-5},
  url    = {https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1},
  pages = {1-505},
  doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1},
  abstract = {Based on a NATO Advanced Study Institute held in 1993, this book addresses recent advances in automatic speech recognition and speech coding. The book contains contributions by many of the most outstanding researchers from the best laboratories worldwide in the field. The contributions have been grouped into five parts: on acoustic modeling; language modeling; speech processing, analysis and synthesis; speech coding; and vector quantization and neural nets. For each of these topics, some of the best-known researchers were invited to give a lecture. In addition to these lectures, the topics were complemented with discussions and presentations of the work of those attending. Altogether, the reader is given a wide perspective on recent advances in the field and will be able to see the trends for future work.},
  note   = {research}
}

"SLHMM: An ANN Approach for Continuous Speech Recognition", Segura-Luna J.C., Diaz-Verdejo J.E., Rubio-Ayuso A.J., Garcia-Teodoro P., Lopez-Soler J. M., "Speech Recognition and Coding. NATO ASI Series (Series F: Computer and Systems Sciences)", ISBN 978-3-642-63344-7, pp. 116-119, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1_20

Nowadays a big research effort is being made in the development of CSR systems, both ANN-based and HMM-based. Up to now, the HMM-based systems seem to have the best performance, although the ANN-based ones are being developed quicker than the HMM-based due to the new topologies that are being tested with increasingly good results.

@inbook{SEGURA1995,
author = {Segura-Luna J.C. and Diaz-Verdejo J.E. and Rubio-Ayuso A.J. and Garcia-Teodoro P. and Lopez-Soler J. M.},
publisher = {Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg},
isbn = {978-3-642-63344-7},
title = {SLHMM: An ANN Approach for Continuous Speech Recognition},
booktitle = {Speech Recognition and Coding. NATO ASI Series (Series F: Computer and Systems Sciences)},
volume = {147},
pages = {116-119},
year = {1995},
abstract = {Nowadays a big research effort is being made in the development of CSR systems, both ANN-based and HMM-based. Up to now, the HMM-based systems seem to have the best performance, although the ANN-based ones are being developed quicker than the HMM-based due to the new topologies that are being tested with increasingly good results.},
doi ={https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1_20}}

"Metodos de configuracion de redes sensibles al retardo basadas en planificadores con conformacion de trafico asincrono, y con calidad de servicio determinista", Universidad de Granada, Julia Caleya-Sanchez, Jonathan Prados-Garzon, Pablo Ameigeiras, Lorena Chinchilla-Romero, Pablo Munoz-Luengo, Juan M. Lopez-Soler, 2023

@patent{Caleya2023,
	title = {Metodos de configuracion de redes sensibles al retardo basadas en planificadores con conformacion de trafico asincrono, y con calidad de servicio determinista},
	commenturl = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2003049354},
	language = {es},
	assignee = {Universidad de Granada},
	commenturldate = {2023-xx-xx},
	author = {Caleya-Sanchez, Julia and Prados-Garzon, Jonathan and Ameigeiras, Pablo and Chinchilla-Romero, Lorena and Munoz-Luengo, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan M.},
	commentmonth = Jun,
	year = {2023},
  project = {6gchronos|true5g|5gclarity}
}

"Procedure and system for integration of LPWAN networks and 4G/5G suitable for use in industrial internet applications of things", Universidad de Granada, Application No. P201830137, Publication No. ES2722927 A1, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Sandra Sendra, Pablo Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, 2018

@patent{navarro2019,
	title = {Procedure and system for integration of LPWAN networks and 4G/5G suitable for use in industrial internet applications of things},
	url = {http://consultas2.oepm.es/InvenesWeb/detalle?referencia=P201830137},
	language = {es},
	assignee = {Universidad de Granada, Application No. P201830137, Publication No. ES2722927 A1},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Sendra, Sandra and Ameigeiras Gutierrez, Pablo and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel},
	month = Aug,
	year = {2018}
}

"Method and network node for detecting degradation of metric of telecommunications network", Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/EP2016/064144, Publication No. WO/2017/220107 A1, S. Fortes, R. Barco, P. Munoz, I. Serrano, 2017

@patent{PatentMunoz2017,
	title = {Method and network node for detecting degradation of metric of telecommunications network},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2017220107},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/EP2016/064144, Publication No. WO/2017/220107 A1},
	urldate = {},
	author = {S. {Fortes} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz} and I. {Serrano}},
	month = {December},
	year = {2017}
}

"First network node, method therein, computer program and computer-readable medium comprising the computer program for determining whether a performance of a cell is degraded or not", Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/EP2015/061176, Publication No. WO/2016/184520 A1, P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. Serrano, A. Gomez-Andrades, 2016

@patent{PatentMunoz2016a,
	title = {First network node, method therein, computer program and computer-readable medium comprising the computer program for determining whether a performance of a cell is degraded or not},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016184520},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/EP2015/061176, Publication No. WO/2016/184520 A1},
	urldate = {},
	author = {P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and I. {Serrano} and A. {Gomez-Andrades}},
	month = {November},
	year = {2016}
}

"Fault diagnosis in Networks", Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/EP2015/058924, Publication No. WO/2016/169616 A1, P. Munoz, R. Barco, I. Serrano, I. de la Bandera, E. J. Khatib, 2016

@patent{PatentMunoz2016b,
	title = {Fault diagnosis in Networks},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016169616},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/EP2015/058924, Publication No. WO/2016/169616 A1},
	urldate = {},
	author = {P. {Munoz} and R. {Barco} and I. {Serrano} and I. {de la Bandera} and E. J. {Khatib}},
	month = {October},
	year = {2016}
}

"First network node, method therein, computer program and computer-readable medium comprising the computer program for detecting outage of a radio cell", Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/SE2014/051270, Publication No. WO/2016/068761 A1, I. de la Bandera, I. Serrano, R. Barco, P. Munoz, 2016

@patent{PatentMunoz2016c,
	title = {First network node, method therein, computer program and computer-readable medium comprising the computer program for detecting outage of a radio cell},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016068761},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson, International Application No, PCT/SE2014/051270, Publication No. WO/2016/068761 A1},
	urldate = {},
	author = {I. {de la Bandera} and I. {Serrano} and R. {Barco} and P. {Munoz}},
	month = {May},
	year = {2016}
}

"A Method and a System for Scheduling the Downlink in Long Term Evolution (lte) Networks Based on Quality of Service (qos)", TELEFONICA, S.A., International Application No. PCT/EP2013/053324, Publication No. WO/2013/127665, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Juan Manuel Lopez-Soler, Raquel Garcia-Perez, Quiliano Perez-Tarrero, Javier Lorca-Hernando, 2013

A Method and a System for scheduling the downlink in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks based on Quality of Service (QoS) The method comprises: performing a packet scheduling for a plurality of user terminals (UEs) based on information regarding QoS classes, said information regarding QoS classes is included in QoS class identifiers received from an Evolved Packet Core providing communication services to said user terminals, said method further comprising receiving channel quality indicators from said plurality of user terminals and performing said scheduling also on the basis of said received channel quality indicators. The system of the invention is arranged to implement the method of the invention.

@patent{ameigeirasgutierrezmethod2013,
	title = {A {Method} and a {System} for {Scheduling} the {Downlink} in {Long} {Term} {Evolution} (lte) {Networks} {Based} on {Quality} of {Service} (qos)},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2013127665},
	abstract = {A Method and a System for scheduling the downlink in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks based on Quality of Service (QoS) The method comprises: performing a packet scheduling for a plurality of user terminals (UEs) based on information regarding QoS classes, said information regarding QoS classes is included in QoS class identifiers received from an Evolved Packet Core providing communication services to said user terminals, said method further comprising receiving channel quality indicators from said plurality of user terminals and performing said scheduling also on the basis of said received channel quality indicators. The system of the invention is arranged to implement the method of the invention.},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {TELEFONICA, S.A., International Application No. PCT/EP2013/053324, Publication No. WO/2013/127665},
	urldate = {2021-03-23},
	author = {Ameigeiras, Pablo and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Lopez-Soler, Juan Manuel and Garcia-Perez, Raquel and Perez-Tarrero, Quiliano and Lorca-Hernando, Javier},
	month = September,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {A Method and a System for Scheduling the Downlink in Long Term Evolution (lte) Networks Based on Quality of Service (qos)}
}

"Adaptive Delayed ACK Switching for TCP Applications", Nokia Technologies Oy, US Patent 7,225,266 B2, US20040122969A1, Pablo Ameigeiras, Eero Sillasto, Jeroen Wigard, 2006

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2006,
	title = {Adaptive Delayed ACK Switching for TCP Applications},
	url = {https://patents.google.com/patent/US20040122969},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Technologies Oy, US Patent 7,225,266 B2, US20040122969A1},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Eero Sillasto and Jeroen Wigard},
	month = Jun,
	year = {2006}
}

"Method, System and Transmitting Side Protocol Entity for Sending Packet Data Units for Unacknowledged Mode Services", Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/FI2004/000700, Publication No. WO/2005/055636, Pablo Ameigeiras, Jeroen Wigard, 2005

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2005,
	title = {Method, System and Transmitting Side Protocol Entity for Sending Packet Data Units for Unacknowledged Mode Services},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2005055636},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/FI2004/000700, Publication No. WO/2005/055636},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Jeroen Wigard},
	month = Jun,
	year = {2005}
}

"A Traffic Management Method That Divides Time Slots into Sub-Blocks for Real Time and Non-Real Time Traffic", NOKIA CORPORATION, International Application No. PCT/FI2004/000285, Publication No. WO/2004/102899, Antti Tolli, Jorge Navarro-Ortiz, Hector Montes-Linares, 2004

A traffic management method includes the steps of dividing a time slot into sub-blocks, defining the amount of available capacity for non-real time use in a time slot, defining the number of sub-blocks reserved by real time use in a time slot, defining the number of sub-blocks reserved by non-real time use in a time slot, defining the number of free sub-blocks in a time slot on the basis of sub-blocks reserved by real time use and sub-blocks reserved by non-real time use, calculating a sub-block reservation rate for a time slot and averaging a sub-block reservation rate for a time slot to get down link sub-block reservation rate.

@patent{tollitraffic2004,
	title = {A {Traffic} {Management} {Method} {That} {Divides} {Time} {Slots} into {Sub}-{Blocks} for {Real} {Time} and {Non}-{Real} {Time} {Traffic}},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2004102899},
	abstract = {A traffic management method includes the steps of dividing a time slot into sub-blocks, defining the amount of available capacity for non-real time use in a time slot, defining the number of sub-blocks reserved by real time use in a time slot, defining the number of sub-blocks reserved by non-real time use in a time slot, defining the number of free sub-blocks in a time slot on the basis of sub-blocks reserved by real time use and sub-blocks reserved by non-real time use, calculating a sub-block reservation rate for a time slot and averaging a sub-block reservation rate for a time slot to get down link sub-block reservation rate.},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {NOKIA CORPORATION, International Application No. PCT/FI2004/000285, Publication No. WO/2004/102899},
	urldate = {2021-03-23},
	author = {Tolli, Antti and Navarro-Ortiz, Jorge and Montes-Linares, Hector},
	month = November,
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {A Traffic Management Method That Divides Time Slots into Sub-Blocks for Real Time and Non-Real Time Traffic}
}

"Scheduling Retransmission in Radio Access Networks", Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/IB2003/005716, Publication No. WO/2004/057810, Jeroen Wigard, Troels Kolding, Preben Mogensen, Pablo Ameigeiras, Woonhee Hwang, Hannu Hakkinen, 2004

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2004,
	title = {Scheduling Retransmission in Radio Access Networks},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2004057810},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Corporation, International Application No. PCT/IB2003/005716, Publication No. WO/2004/057810},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Jeroen Wigard and Troels Kolding and Preben Mogensen and Pablo Ameigeiras and Woonhee Hwang and Hannu Hakkinen},
	month = Jul,
	year = {2004}
}

"Method and System for Dispatching Multiple TCP Packets from Communication Systems", Nokia Corporation, International Application No, PCT/FI2001/001054, Publication No. WO/2003/049354, Pablo Ameigeiras, Eero Sillasto, Jeroen Wigard, 2003

@patent{PatentAmeigeiras2003,
	title = {Method and System for Dispatching Multiple TCP Packets from Communication Systems},
	url = {https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2003049354},
	language = {en},
	assignee = {Nokia Corporation, International Application No, PCT/FI2001/001054, Publication No. WO/2003/049354},
	urldate = {2019-08-20},
	author = {Pablo Ameigeiras and Eero Sillasto and Jeroen Wigard},
	month = Jun,
	year = {2003}
}